[runtime_image] Log a failed open from a source at debug level, as the caller may recover

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

.agents/skills/hardware-test/SKILL.md

@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ Per-topic scripts, each described in the matching `reference/recipes/<component>
 (host driver, Zephyr driver probe), `rtsp_server/` (protocol client, raw rate reader, measurement set,
 API image grab), `cse7766/` (API observer with ping), `zephyr_coredump/` (reader flow, decode with the
 Zephyr tools), `libretiny_prefs/` (rtc preference harness header), `libretiny_crash/` (BK72xx crash probe header and
-capture decoder), `api_outgoing/` (wake cycle and Wi-Fi drop timing readers), `homeassistant_light/` (direct bulb driver), `usb_audio/` (URL player).
+capture decoder), `api_outgoing/` (wake cycle and Wi-Fi drop timing readers), `ld2450/` (zone number driver), `dfrobot_sen0395/` (API driver and case runner), `homeassistant_light/` (direct bulb driver, held-report case driver), `usb_audio/` (URL player), `speaker_media_player/` (API player driver, pipeline task case runner), `web_server/` (SSE client, request mix, SSE and HTTPD case runners), `mqtt/` (broker config with WebSocket listeners, test CA, transport case runner).
 
 ## Templates in `$SKILL/templates`
 
@@ -130,7 +130,9 @@ capture decoder), `api_outgoing/` (wake cycle and Wi-Fi drop timing readers), `h
   `bk72xx-rtc-prefs-dut.yaml`, `bk72xx-crash-probe-dut.yaml`, `dut-ap-only-wipe-once-bk72xx.yaml`,
   `homeassistant-light-dut.yaml`, `deep-sleep-outgoing-dut.yaml`, `outgoing-wifi-drop-dut.yaml`,
   `globals-storage-dut.yaml`, `usb-audio-waveshare-s3-eth-dut.yaml`, `usb-audio-sendspin-s3-eth-dut.yaml`,
-  `cast-pro-1-sendspin-control.yaml`, `aux-2-preprod-stock-dut.yaml`, `aux-2-preprod-usb-audio-dut.yaml`.
+  `cast-pro-1-sendspin-control.yaml`, `aux-2-preprod-stock-dut.yaml`, `aux-2-preprod-usb-audio-dut.yaml`,
+  `dfrobot-sen0395-dut.yaml`, `aux-2-preprod-speaker-player-dut.yaml`, `web-server-sse-dut.yaml`,
+  `mqtt-transport-dut.yaml`.
 
 ## When something looks wrong
 
@@ -144,6 +146,10 @@ capture decoder), `api_outgoing/` (wake cycle and Wi-Fi drop timing readers), `h
   preference and repeat it in a periodic alive line, as `scripts/libretiny_prefs/ltprefs.hpp` does.
 - Multicast from the host never arrives on some access points: test it device to device. Broadcast
   is lossy under Wi-Fi power save, unicast is not. Throttle UDP floods to a fixed packet rate.
+- The merge base comes from a freshly fetched `origin/dev`; a stale local `dev` puts dependency bumps into the
+  PR diff and builds the control from the wrong commit.
+- A `.local` name can stop resolving in the middle of a run; keep the address from the boot log and drive by it.
+- `wc -l` pads its count on macOS, so `tail -n +$n0` needs `$((n0+0))` or an arithmetic expansion.
 - `api:` reboots a board after 15 min without a client: `reboot_timeout: 0s` on `api:` and `mqtt:` for
   soak tests.
 

.agents/skills/hardware-test/reference/recipes/README.md

@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ One file per component, named after it:
 - [`cse7766.md`](cse7766.md): Sonoff S31 parser check over the API
 - [`espnow.md`](espnow.md): ESP8266 broadcast receive
 - [`hdmi_cec.md`](hdmi_cec.md): two-board wire
-- [`ld2450.md`](ld2450.md): polygon zones
+- [`ld2450.md`](ld2450.md): polygon zones, zone number round trip through the radar's readback
 - [`libretiny.md`](libretiny.md): rtc preference emulation, BK72xx crash report on the next boot
-- [`mqtt.md`](mqtt.md): broker bench, QoS, reconnect, crash log over MQTT
+- [`mqtt.md`](mqtt.md): broker bench, QoS, reconnect, crash log over MQTT, WebSocket transports with a local and a public broker
 - [`nrf52.md`](nrf52.md): dongle board support
 - [`online_image.md`](online_image.md): stalled and malformed downloads
 - [`openthread.md`](openthread.md): border router on the S3 host plus H2 RCP
@@ -25,5 +25,8 @@ One file per component, named after it:
 - [`zephyr_coredump.md`](zephyr_coredump.md): crash and decode on nRF52 boards
 - [`zwave_proxy.md`](zwave_proxy.md): frame checksums on a live proxy
 - [`globals.md`](globals.md): restoring globals with storage rtc and flash across every reset kind
-- [`homeassistant.md`](homeassistant.md): light platform mirrored from a local Home Assistant
+- [`homeassistant.md`](homeassistant.md): light platform mirrored from a local Home Assistant, held reports versus later calls
 - [`usb_audio.md`](usb_audio.md): USB audio speaker and microphone, the usb_host FIFO split, and Music Assistant playback through sendspin
+- [`dfrobot_sen0395.md`](dfrobot_sen0395.md): SEN0395 mmWave command flow, module quirks and overlong lines through its error reply
+- [`speaker.md`](speaker.md): media player pipeline tasks on the Connect AUX-2 with the `speaker` platform player
+- [`web_server.md`](web_server.md): state SSE stress and the HTTPD task stack on web_server_idf

.agents/skills/hardware-test/reference/recipes/dfrobot_sen0395.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# dfrobot_sen0395
+
+## DFRobot SEN0395 mmWave on an ESP32 DevKit V1 (#20906, #20979)
+
+Wiring: V to VIN (5 V, the module wants 3.6 to 5 V), G to GND, sensor TX to GPIO16 (RX2), sensor RX to GPIO17
+(TX2), IO2 to GPIO18 (presence output, a gpio binary sensor), I1 unconnected. `templates/dfrobot-sen0395-dut.yaml`
+has the hub, both detection binary sensors, the four switches, settings buttons and junk-line buttons.
+`scripts/dfrobot_sen0395/ctl.py HOST KEY press:NAME sw:NAME=on|off wait:S` drives it and prints binary sensor and
+switch updates; `cases.sh DEV_IP KEY CAPTURE LABEL` runs the whole flow against a running serial capture. Flash by
+USB, `serial_capture.py PORT 540 CAPTURE --reset`, then the cases; compare the `Sending command` and `Message:` lines
+and the counts of `Done`, `Error`, prompts and frames between builds. The module echoes every command, so the echoed
+lines are the bytes the component sent and can be compared between builds as a set.
+
+Module facts: it answers `Done` or `Error` and then the `leapMMW:/>` prompt without a line end; a junk line gets
+`<line> is not recognized as a CLI command` (36 chars longer than the line, so 220 and 240 byte junk gives 256 and
+276 char replies); input lines of 256 bytes or more make the module assert (`..\User_code\main.c line:232`) and
+restart, after which the sensor is stopped; a factory reset restarts the module about 7 s later; `sensorStop` on a
+stopped sensor answers `sensor stopped already` then `Error`; a settings press takes 5 to 6 s (stop, change, save,
+start). Free heap on the ESP32 is Wi-Fi noise (192 to 198 kB) and says nothing about the component.
+Results: https://github.com/esphome/esphome/pull/20979#issuecomment-6279129146 and
+https://github.com/esphome/esphome/pull/20906#issuecomment-6279129604

.agents/skills/hardware-test/reference/recipes/homeassistant.md

@@ -33,3 +33,15 @@ connected but not yet subscribed is dropped by the api server (`client has not s
 fallback to an off report the mirror keeps the unsent brightness; a mirror that never saw its light on since boot has
 no levels to restore. Results: https://github.com/esphome/esphome/pull/11354#issuecomment-6253630336 and
 https://github.com/esphome/esphome/pull/11354#issuecomment-6254161409
+
+## Held report versus a later call (#21144)
+
+A report that arrives during a transition is held and applied when the transition ends, unless a call came after
+it. `scripts/homeassistant_light/heldcase.py DEV_IP KEY BULB_IP same|many [BULB_KEY]` (a key of `-` is plaintext) keeps one API connection to the mirror
+device and one to the bulb so the steps land inside a 3 s fade: press "A 50 fade 3s", 0.7 s later set the bulb to
+90% directly (the report is held), 1.4 s in press the same fade again (or "A many calls", 16 calls in one loop
+pass). Pass: the mirror and the bulb end at the second call's target. Only `same` reproduces the bug: a build
+without the fix logs `Applying the report that arrived during the transition` and the bulb stays at 90%. `many`
+ends at 100% on both builds because the last call's target differs from the held report, so it is a regression
+check only, not a reproduction. Separate button presses are too slow (about 1.5 s each) to land inside the fade.
+The mirrors are not API entities, so read their state from the "Log state" button's line. Results: https://github.com/esphome/esphome/pull/21144#issuecomment-6278257695

.agents/skills/hardware-test/reference/recipes/ld2450.md

@@ -5,3 +5,11 @@
 To make a target "leave" without anyone moving, set the radar's Zone-1 numbers over the target and
 switch the zone type to `Filter` (the count drops to 0 within 0.5 s); set it back to `Disabled` after.
 Writing those numbers blocks the ld2450 loop about 50 ms.
+
+## Zone numbers round trip (#21146)
+
+`scripts/ld2450/zonedrive.py HOST KEY(- for plaintext) set:NAME=VALUE sel:NAME=OPTION wait:S list` sets numbers and
+selects over the API and prints every LD2450 state update. After each set the hub sends the set zone command, queries
+the radar and republishes all twelve coordinates from the answer, so set each coordinate of each zone to a distinct
+value and check the readbacks; no target is needed. Readbacks can arrive late over Wi-Fi, so match them by content.
+Results: https://github.com/esphome/esphome/pull/21146#issuecomment-6278026922

.agents/skills/hardware-test/reference/recipes/mqtt.md

@@ -10,3 +10,22 @@ after bulk subscribe and unsubscribe; read the heap seconds later over several r
 leak. Spawned subscriptions need about 2.5 s to reach the broker before the next publish.
 `esphome logs --device MQTT` only uses the MQTT transport when the config has no `api:`. Driver pattern: a
 paho script publishes and polls the serial capture file.
+
+## WebSocket transports on ESP-IDF (#16056)
+
+One build per transport from `templates/mqtt-transport-dut.yaml`, with `scripts/mqtt/mosquitto-ws.conf` as the
+local broker (mosquitto 2.x from brew has `websockets` support; `log_type all` prints `New connection from <ip>:<port>
+on port <listener>`, which proves which listener each client used) and `scripts/mqtt/make_test_ca.sh BROKER_IP` for
+the TLS listener's certificate, both run in the scratch directory so keys, logs and outputs stay out of the checkout. `scripts/mqtt/cases.sh NAME KEY BROKER_HOST SUB_PORT CAPTURE [DEV_HOST] [restart]` subscribes
+to `NAME/#`, sends a switch command and an `on_message` topic, presses the 3000 byte publish button over the API,
+restarts the local broker when the last argument is `restart` (the PID in `mosquitto.pid`, written when the broker
+was started with `mosquitto -c mosquitto-ws.conf & echo $! > mosquitto.pid` in the working directory next to the
+certificates), checks its three ports answer again, and prints the broker's message counts with the device log. `mosquitto_sub` cannot speak
+WebSocket, so it subscribes on the plain listener of the same broker. Cases: `tcp` on 1883, `ws` on 9001, `wss` on
+9002 with `certificate_authority` (the certificate names an address, so `skip_cert_cn_check: true`), `wss` to
+test.mosquitto.org on 8081 with no CA for the certificate bundle, and two negatives that must never connect: a
+different CA (`mbedtls_ssl_handshake returned -0x2700`) and the self-signed server through the bundle
+(`esp-x509-crt-bundle: Failed to verify certificate`, `-0x3000`). `CONFIG_MQTT_TRANSPORT_WEBSOCKET` is on by
+default in the generated sdkconfig. The TLS session costs about 29 kB of internal heap while connected; the public
+broker carries other devices' `esphome/discover` traffic, which is noise. Results:
+https://github.com/esphome/esphome/pull/16056#issuecomment-6301034019

.agents/skills/hardware-test/reference/recipes/speaker.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# speaker
+
+## Media player pipeline tasks (#21203)
+
+The `speaker` media player platform (`speaker/media_player/`) creates `ann_read`, `ann_decode`, `med_read` and
+`med_decode` FreeRTOS tasks on every play and deletes them after a stop. The AUX-2 and sendspin packages use the
+`speaker_source` player instead, which has its own pipeline and never runs that code, so a test of
+`speaker/media_player/*` has to swap the player: `templates/aux-2-preprod-speaker-player-dut.yaml` removes the
+package's `external_media_player` with `id: !remove` and adds a `speaker` platform player on the package's resampler
+speakers, plus a "Task names" button whose lambda calls `xTaskGetHandle()` on the four names and logs internal free
+heap. Serve FLAC files from the host (`ffmpeg -f lavfi -i "sine=frequency=440:duration=90" -ac 2 -ar 48000 -c:a flac
+media90.flac`, a 3 s mono one for announcements, `python3 -m http.server 8765 --directory www`); `audio_http`
+refuses WAV and MP3. `scripts/speaker_media_player/cases.sh HOST KEY MEDIA_URL ANN_URL CAPTURE LABEL` runs three
+cycles through `drive.py` (`play:URL | ann:URL | stop | press:NAME | wait:S` on one API connection) with the probe
+pressed idle, during media, during the announcement, after it and after the stop. Pass: idle none, media `med_*`
+only, announcement all four, after stop none, every cycle. API commands land a second or two late over Wi-Fi, so read
+the probe against the `State changed to` lines rather than the driver's timestamps. Internal free heap after a stop
+moved by 2.5 kB between two boots of the same build, so a heap delta needs more than one boot per build. Results:
+https://github.com/esphome/esphome/pull/21203#issuecomment-6299581943

.agents/skills/hardware-test/reference/recipes/web_server.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# web_server
+
+## State SSE on web_server_idf (#21109) and the HTTPD task stack (#21038)
+
+`templates/web-server-sse-dut.yaml` (ESP32 classic, ESP-IDF, `web_server` version 3) publishes eight sensors every
+200 ms (small state events on the 1024 byte stack buffer) and three text sensors whose JSON carries the string twice
+(`value` and `state`): 600 chars for about 1.3 kB (the 2048 byte tail), 1800 chars for about 3.7 kB (tail grown to
+4096) and 2800 chars for about 5.7 kB, over the 5120 byte JSON room, which must log `State event does not fit`
+and never put a truncated frame on the wire. An `interval` lambda logs `uxTaskGetStackHighWaterMark()` of the loop
+task (`nullptr`) and of the HTTPD task (`xTaskGetHandle("httpd")`) every 5 s; the ESPHome loop task is `loopTask`
+on ESP32. Keep `power_save_mode: none`, and drive the device by address: mDNS names dropped out mid-run once.
+
+`scripts/web_server/sse.py HOST SECONDS [--clients N] [--stall] [--churn CYCLES]` opens raw TCP connections to
+`/events`, decodes the chunked body and parses every `state` event as JSON; `--stall` adds a connection with a 2 kB
+receive buffer that never reads (the device must log `Closing stuck EventSource connection` after the 20 s stall
+timeout), `--churn` opens and resets a connection CYCLES times. `sse_cases.sh HOST KEY LABEL CAPTURE` runs the
+set: 1 client 60 s, 4 clients 60 s, a reader plus a stalled client 45 s, a reader plus 10 abrupt closes, then two
+clients with the "Burst" button (50 sensor and 50 text publishes in one loop pass). Pass: 0 invalid JSON on every
+client, the oversize sensor dropped with its warning on every publish, the stalled session closed after about
+20 s, no reset. The loop task watermark is a minimum since boot, so compare the value after the first client, after
+four clients and after the burst between the builds (the SSE split in #21109 left 1280 B more on the ESP32 classic).
+
+For the HTTPD task, `web_server: auth: type: digest` (the default `auth` is Basic) and
+`scripts/web_server/httpd_cases.sh HOST USER PASS LABEL CAPTURE`: `httpmix.sh` sends a `curl --anyauth` request
+mix per round (page, `/sensor/<Name>`, `/text_sensor/<Name>`, `/switch/<Name>`, a `POST` with `Content-Length: 0`
+to `/switch/<Name>/toggle`, an unknown path, which the IDF server closes without a response, an unauthenticated
+request answered 401, and a 2 s `/events` stream), 20 rounds alone and 12 rounds next to two `ssecurl.sh` SSE
+clients. Entity URLs use the entity name, URL encoded, not an object id. The HTTPD watermark follows the deepest
+request of the boot; compare after the mix and after the SSE round, with two boots when the numbers are close.
+Results: https://github.com/esphome/esphome/pull/21109#issuecomment-6300582328 and
+https://github.com/esphome/esphome/pull/21038#issuecomment-6301310182

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/api_button.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 """Press a template button on the test device over the API, or list its buttons.
 
-usage: api_button.py HOST KEY list | press "Button name" [...]
+usage: api_button.py HOST KEY list | press "Button name" [...]  (KEY of - means a plaintext API)
 """
 
 import asyncio
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ CMD, ARGS = sys.argv[3], sys.argv[4:]
 
 
 async def main() -> None:
-    c = APIClient(HOST, 6053, None, noise_psk=KEY)
+    c = APIClient(HOST, 6053, None, noise_psk=None if KEY == "-" else KEY)
     await c.connect(login=True)
     ents, _ = await c.list_entities_services()
     buttons = {e.name: e for e in ents if isinstance(e, ButtonInfo)}

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/dfrobot_sen0395/cases.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# cases.sh DEV_IP KEY CAPTURE LABEL : the SEN0395 flow (settings, switches, junk lines, factory reset, reset) against
+# templates/dfrobot-sen0395-dut.yaml, with a serial capture of the device running into CAPTURE
+D=$1; K=$2; LOG=$3; LABEL=$4; PY=${PYTHON:-python3}; CTL="$(dirname "$0")/ctl.py"
+show() { tail -n +$(($1+1)) "$LOG" | sed 's/\x1b\[[0-9;]*m//g' | grep -a 'dfrobot\|Detected\|\[W\]\|\[E\]\|sen\]' | grep -a -v 'JYBSS\|took a long time' | cut -c1-200; }
+step() { n0=$(wc -l < "$LOG"); echo "=== $LABEL: $1 ($(date +%T))"; shift; $PY "$CTL" "$D" "$K" "$@" || { rc=$?; echo "driver failed ($rc), aborting"; exit $rc; }; echo "--- device log:"; show "$n0"; }
+frames() { echo "frames: $(tail -n +$(($1+1)) "$LOG" | grep -a -c 'JYBSS,1') present, $(tail -n +$(($1+1)) "$LOG" | grep -a -c 'JYBSS,0') absent"; }
+n0=$(wc -l < "$LOG"); echo "=== $LABEL: 20 s of frames ($(date +%T))"; sleep 20; frames "$n0"
+step "range 0 to 3 m" "press:Range 0 to 3m" wait:12
+step "range 0 to 9 m" "press:Range 0 to 9m" wait:12
+step "latency 1 s / 2 s" "press:Latency 1s 2s" wait:12
+step "latency 0 / 0" "press:Latency 0 0" wait:12
+step "sensitivity 7" "press:Sensitivity 7" wait:12
+step "LED off then on" "sw:LED=off" wait:10 "sw:LED=on" wait:10
+step "sensor active off then on" "sw:Sensor active=off" wait:10 "sw:Sensor active=on" wait:10
+step "presence via UART off then on" "sw:Presence via UART=off" wait:10 "sw:Presence via UART=on" wait:10
+step "start after boot off then on" "sw:Start after boot=off" wait:10 "sw:Start after boot=on" wait:10
+for n in 100 160 200 220 240 256; do step "junk line of $n bytes" "press:Junk $n" wait:7; done
+step "junk 220 then a command" "press:Junk 220" wait:6 "press:Range 0 to 9m" wait:12
+step "factory reset" "press:Factory reset" wait:15
+step "reset" "press:Reset" wait:15
+n0=$(wc -l < "$LOG"); echo "=== $LABEL: 20 s of frames after ($(date +%T))"; sleep 20; frames "$n0"

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/dfrobot_sen0395/ctl.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+"""Drive the SEN0395 test device over the API and print its binary sensor and switch updates.
+usage: ctl.py HOST KEY(- for plaintext) OP [OP ...]   OP: press:NAME | sw:NAME=on|off | wait:SECONDS
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import sys
+import time
+
+from aioesphomeapi import (
+    APIClient,
+    BinarySensorState,
+    ButtonInfo,
+    SwitchInfo,
+    SwitchState,
+)
+
+HOST, KEY = sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2]
+OPS = sys.argv[3:]
+T0 = time.time()
+
+
+async def main() -> None:
+    c = APIClient(HOST, 6053, None, noise_psk=None if KEY == "-" else KEY)
+    await c.connect(login=True)
+    ents, _ = await c.list_entities_services()
+    by_key = {e.key: e for e in ents}
+    buttons = {e.name: e for e in ents if isinstance(e, ButtonInfo)}
+    switches = {e.name: e for e in ents if isinstance(e, SwitchInfo)}
+
+    def on_state(s) -> None:
+        e = by_key.get(s.key)
+        if isinstance(s, BinarySensorState):
+            print(
+                f"{time.time() - T0:7.3f} BIN {e.name} = {'ON' if s.state else 'off'}"
+            )
+        elif isinstance(s, SwitchState):
+            print(
+                f"{time.time() - T0:7.3f} SW  {e.name} = {'on' if s.state else 'off'}"
+            )
+
+    c.subscribe_states(on_state)
+    await asyncio.sleep(1.0)
+    for op in OPS:
+        kind, _, rest = op.partition(":")
+        if kind == "wait":
+            await asyncio.sleep(float(rest))
+        elif kind == "press":
+            if rest not in buttons:
+                sys.exit(f"no button {rest!r}; have {sorted(buttons)}")
+            print(f"{time.time() - T0:7.3f} >>> press {rest}")
+            c.button_command(buttons[rest].key)
+        elif kind == "sw":
+            name, _, val = rest.partition("=")
+            if name not in switches:
+                sys.exit(f"no switch {name!r}; have {sorted(switches)}")
+            print(f"{time.time() - T0:7.3f} >>> switch {name} {val}")
+            c.switch_command(switches[name].key, val == "on")
+        else:
+            sys.exit(f"unknown op {op!r}")
+    await c.disconnect()
+
+
+asyncio.run(main())

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/homeassistant_light/heldcase.py

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+"""Held-report cases for esphome#21144 with persistent API connections, so the steps land inside the 3 s fade.
+usage: heldcase.py DEV_IP KEY BULB_IP same|many [BULB_KEY]   (KEY or BULB_KEY of - means plaintext)
+  t0      press "A 50 fade 3s" on the mirror device (3 s fade to 50%)
+  t0+0.7  set the bulb directly to 90% (Home Assistant reports it to the mirror during the fade: held)
+  t0+1.4  same:  press "A 50 fade 3s" again (same target as the running fade)
+          many:  press "A many calls" (16 calls in one loop pass, the last one 100% with a 1 s fade)
+  t0+6.5  read the bulb, press Log state so the mirror prints its state
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import sys
+import time
+
+from aioesphomeapi import APIClient, ButtonInfo, LightInfo, LightState
+
+DEV, KEY, BULB, CASE = sys.argv[1:5]
+BULB_KEY = sys.argv[5] if len(sys.argv) > 5 else "-"
+if CASE not in ("same", "many"):
+    sys.exit(f"case must be same or many, got {CASE!r}")
+T0 = time.time()
+
+
+def stamp() -> str:
+    return f"{time.time() - T0:6.3f}"
+
+
+async def main() -> None:
+    dev = APIClient(DEV, 6053, None, noise_psk=None if KEY == "-" else KEY)
+    bulb = APIClient(BULB, 6053, None, noise_psk=None if BULB_KEY == "-" else BULB_KEY)
+    await dev.connect(login=True)
+    await bulb.connect(login=True)
+    dents, _ = await dev.list_entities_services()
+    bents, _ = await bulb.list_entities_services()
+    buttons = {e.name: e for e in dents if isinstance(e, ButtonInfo)}
+    blight = next(e for e in bents if isinstance(e, LightInfo))
+    states = {}
+
+    def on_bulb(s) -> None:
+        if isinstance(s, LightState) and s.key == blight.key:
+            states["bulb"] = s
+            print(f"{stamp()} bulb state: on={s.state} bri={s.brightness:.2f}")
+
+    bulb.subscribe_states(on_bulb)
+    await asyncio.sleep(1.0)
+    print(f"{stamp()} >>> bulb to 100% (precondition)")
+    bulb.light_command(blight.key, state=True, brightness=1.0)
+    await asyncio.sleep(4.0)
+    t = time.time()
+    print(f"{stamp()} >>> t0 press A 50 fade 3s")
+    dev.button_command(buttons["A 50 fade 3s"].key)
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.7 - (time.time() - t))
+    print(f"{stamp()} >>> bulb direct to 90%")
+    bulb.light_command(blight.key, state=True, brightness=0.9)
+    await asyncio.sleep(1.4 - (time.time() - t))
+    name = "A 50 fade 3s" if CASE == "same" else "A many calls"
+    print(f"{stamp()} >>> press {name}")
+    dev.button_command(buttons[name].key)
+    await asyncio.sleep(6.5 - (time.time() - t))
+    print(f"{stamp()} >>> press Log state (the mirror's state is in the device log)")
+    dev.button_command(buttons["Log state"].key)
+    await asyncio.sleep(1.0)
+    b = states.get("bulb")
+    print(
+        f"{stamp()} RESULT bulb "
+        + (f"bri={b.brightness:.2f}" if b is not None else "no state")
+    )
+    await dev.disconnect()
+    await bulb.disconnect()
+
+
+asyncio.run(main())

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/ld2450/zonedrive.py

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+"""Drive LD2450 numbers and selects over the API while printing every LD2450 state update.
+usage: zonedrive.py HOST KEY(- for plaintext) OP [OP ...]
+  OP: set:NAME=VALUE | sel:NAME=OPTION | wait:SECONDS | list
+Every state update of an entity whose name contains "LD2450" is printed with a timestamp.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import sys
+import time
+
+from aioesphomeapi import (
+    APIClient,
+    NumberInfo,
+    NumberState,
+    SelectInfo,
+    SelectState,
+    SensorInfo,
+    SensorState,
+)
+
+HOST, KEY = sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2]
+OPS = sys.argv[3:]
+T0 = time.time()
+
+
+def stamp() -> str:
+    return f"{time.time() - T0:7.3f}"
+
+
+async def main() -> None:
+    c = APIClient(HOST, 6053, None, noise_psk=None if KEY == "-" else KEY)
+    await c.connect(login=True)
+    ents, _ = await c.list_entities_services()
+    by_key = {e.key: e for e in ents}
+    numbers = {e.name: e for e in ents if isinstance(e, NumberInfo)}
+    selects = {e.name: e for e in ents if isinstance(e, SelectInfo)}
+    sensors = {e.name: e for e in ents if isinstance(e, SensorInfo)}
+
+    def on_state(s) -> None:
+        e = by_key.get(s.key)
+        if e is None or "LD2450" not in e.name:
+            return
+        if isinstance(s, NumberState):
+            print(
+                f"{stamp()} NUM {e.name} = {s.state:.0f}{' (missing)' if s.missing_state else ''}"
+            )
+        elif isinstance(s, SelectState):
+            print(f"{stamp()} SEL {e.name} = {s.state}")
+        elif isinstance(s, SensorState) and "Count" in e.name:
+            print(f"{stamp()} CNT {e.name} = {s.state:.0f}")
+
+    c.subscribe_states(on_state)
+    await asyncio.sleep(1.5)
+    for op in OPS:
+        if op == "list":
+            for n in sorted(numbers):
+                print("number:", n)
+            for n in sorted(selects):
+                print("select:", n, selects[n].options)
+            for n in sorted(sensors):
+                if "Count" in n:
+                    print("sensor:", n)
+            continue
+        kind, _, rest = op.partition(":")
+        if kind == "wait":
+            await asyncio.sleep(float(rest))
+            continue
+        name, _, value = rest.partition("=")
+        if kind == "set":
+            if name not in numbers:
+                sys.exit(f"no number named {name!r}; have {sorted(numbers)}")
+            print(f"{stamp()} >>> set {name} = {value}")
+            c.number_command(numbers[name].key, float(value))
+        elif kind == "sel":
+            if name not in selects:
+                sys.exit(f"no select named {name!r}; have {sorted(selects)}")
+            print(f"{stamp()} >>> select {name} = {value}")
+            c.select_command(selects[name].key, value)
+        else:
+            sys.exit(f"unknown op {op!r}")
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.3)
+    await c.disconnect()
+
+
+asyncio.run(main())

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/mqtt/cases.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# cases.sh NAME KEY BROKER_HOST SUB_PORT CAPTURE [DEV_HOST] [restart] : subscribe to NAME/# on the broker, send a
+# switch command and an on_message topic, press the 3000 byte publish button over the API (KEY, - for plaintext),
+# optionally restart the local broker (its PID from mosquitto.pid in the working directory, written when it was started
+# with `mosquitto -c mosquitto-ws.conf & echo $! > mosquitto.pid`), and show the device log. Outputs (sub-NAME.txt, mosquitto.out) go to the working directory, which should be the scratch directory.
+N=$1; KEY=$2; B=$3; SP=$4; LOG=$5; DEV=${6:-$1.local}; RESTART=$7; HERE=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd); PY=${PYTHON:-python3}; WORK=$PWD
+BTN=$HERE/../api_button.py
+[ -n "$KEY" ] && [ -r "$LOG" ] || { echo "usage: cases.sh NAME KEY BROKER_HOST SUB_PORT CAPTURE [DEV_HOST] [restart] (CAPTURE must be a readable file)"; exit 2; }
+show() { tail -n +$(($1+1)) "$LOG" | sed 's/\x1b\[[0-9;]*m//g' | grep -a 'mqtt\|\[probe:\|cmd payload\|Relay\|\[W\]\|\[E\]\|Guru\|abort\|Backtrace\|ESPHome version' | grep -a -v 'took a long time\|Publish.*Counter\|sensor/counter' | cut -c1-170; }
+pub() { mosquitto_pub -h "$B" -p "$SP" -t "$1" -m "$2" || { echo "mosquitto_pub to $1 failed"; exit 1; }; }
+n0=$(($(wc -l < "$LOG")+0))
+timeout 75 mosquitto_sub -h "$B" -p "$SP" -v -t "$N/#" > "$WORK/sub-$N.txt" 2> "$WORK/sub-$N.err" &
+sub_pid=$!
+sleep 20
+echo "=== $N: command to the switch and the 3000 byte publish ($(date +%T))"
+pub "$N/switch/relay/command" ON; sleep 2
+pub "$N/cmd" "hello-over-$N"; sleep 2
+$PY "$BTN" "$DEV" "$KEY" press "Publish big" || { echo "button press failed"; exit 1; }; sleep 3
+pub "$N/switch/relay/command" OFF; sleep 2
+if [ "$RESTART" = restart ]; then
+  [ -f "$WORK/mosquitto-ws.conf" ] || { echo "no mosquitto-ws.conf in $WORK, cannot restart the broker"; exit 1; }
+  echo "=== $N: broker restart ($(date +%T))"; n1=$(($(wc -l < "$LOG")+0))
+  # Only this run's broker is signalled: its PID comes from mosquitto.pid, written when it was started
+  pid=$(cat "$WORK/mosquitto.pid" 2>/dev/null); [ -n "$pid" ] || { echo "no mosquitto.pid in $WORK, cannot restart the broker"; exit 1; }
+  kill "$pid" || { echo "broker PID $pid is not running, nothing to restart"; exit 1; }; sleep 8
+  nc -z -w 3 "$B" 1883 && { echo "the old broker still answers on 1883 after the kill"; exit 1; }
+  (cd "$WORK" && mosquitto -c mosquitto-ws.conf > mosquitto.out 2>&1 & echo $! > "$WORK/mosquitto.pid"); sleep 25
+  for port in 1883 9001 9002; do nc -z -w 3 "$B" "$port" || { echo "broker port $port not listening after the restart"; exit 1; }; done
+  tail -n +$((n1+1)) "$LOG" | grep -a -q "MQTT_EVENT_CONNECTED\|\[mqtt:[0-9]*\]: Connected" || { echo "the device did not reconnect after the broker restart"; exit 1; }
+else
+  echo "=== $N: no broker restart (pass 'restart' as the 7th argument for a local broker)"
+fi
+wait $sub_pid; sub_rc=$?
+[ "$sub_rc" = 124 ] || { echo "subscriber ended with status $sub_rc: $(cat "$WORK/sub-$N.err")"; exit 1; }
+echo "--- broker saw ($(grep -c . "$WORK/sub-$N.txt") messages): $(cut -c1-60 "$WORK/sub-$N.txt" | awk '{print $1}' | sort | uniq -c | tr '\n' ';')"
+big=$(grep "^$N/big " "$WORK/sub-$N.txt" | awk '{print length($2)}' | tr '\n' ' ')
+echo "--- big payload bytes seen: $big"
+echo "--- device log:"; show "$n0"
+case " $big " in *" 3000 "*) ;; *) echo "the 3000 byte payload did not reach the broker"; exit 1;; esac
+for want in "Relay ON" "cmd payload: hello-over-$N" "Relay OFF"; do
+  tail -n +$((n0+1)) "$LOG" | grep -a -q "$want" || { echo "the device never logged '$want': the broker to device path failed"; exit 1; }
+done

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/mqtt/make_test_ca.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# make_test_ca.sh BROKER_IP : a throwaway CA and a server certificate for the broker address (30 days), written into
+# the working directory; run it in the scratch directory where a copy of mosquitto-ws.conf lives. The device
+# config takes ca.crt as certificate_authority (skip_cert_cn_check: true, the name check does not match an address);
+# other-ca.crt is a second CA for the negative case.
+set -e
+IP=$1
+openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout ca.key -out ca.crt -days 30 -subj "/CN=hwtest-ca"
+openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout server.key -out server.csr -subj "/CN=hwtest-broker"
+printf "subjectAltName=IP:%s\nextendedKeyUsage=serverAuth\n" "$IP" > san.ext
+openssl x509 -req -in server.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out server.crt -days 30 -extfile san.ext
+openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout other-ca.key -out other-ca.crt -days 30 -subj "/CN=other-ca"
+openssl verify -CAfile ca.crt server.crt

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/mqtt/mosquitto-ws.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# Copy next to the certificates in the scratch directory and start it there with
+# `mosquitto -c mosquitto-ws.conf & echo $! > mosquitto.pid` (cases.sh restarts that PID): plain MQTT, MQTT over WebSocket, and MQTT over WebSocket with TLS (server.crt and
+# server.key from make_test_ca.sh in the same directory). log_type all gives the listener port per connection.
+listener 1883
+protocol mqtt
+listener 9001
+protocol websockets
+listener 9002
+protocol websockets
+certfile server.crt
+keyfile server.key
+allow_anonymous true
+log_type all
+log_dest file mosquitto.log

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/speaker_media_player/cases.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# cases.sh HOST KEY MEDIA_URL ANN_URL CAPTURE LABEL : three play, announce, stop cycles on a speaker media player with the
+# "Task names" probe button pressed idle, during media, during the announcement, after it and after the stop.
+# KEY of - is plaintext. Serve FLAC files with `python3 -m http.server 8765 --directory www` (audio_http refuses WAV and MP3).
+H=$1; K=$2; MEDIA=$3; ANN=$4; LOG=$5; LABEL=$6; PY=${PYTHON:-python3}; HERE=$(dirname "$0")
+[ -r "$LOG" ] || { echo "usage: cases.sh HOST KEY MEDIA_URL ANN_URL CAPTURE LABEL (CAPTURE must be a readable file)"; exit 2; }
+show() { tail -n +$(($1+1)) "$LOG" | sed 's/\x1b\[[0-9;]*m//g' | grep -a '\[tasks:\|speaker_media_player\|speaker_mixer\|\[W\]\|\[E\]\|Guru\|abort\|Backtrace' | grep -a -v 'took a long time' | cut -c1-180; }
+for cycle in 1 2 3; do
+  n0=$(wc -l < "$LOG"); echo "=== $LABEL cycle $cycle ($(date +%T))"
+  $PY "$HERE/drive.py" "$H" "$K" "press:Task names" wait:1 "play:$MEDIA" wait:5 "press:Task names" wait:1 "ann:$ANN" wait:1.5 "press:Task names" wait:5 "press:Task names" wait:1 stop wait:3 "press:Task names" || { rc=$?; echo "driver failed ($rc), aborting"; exit $rc; }
+  sleep 1; echo "--- device log:"; show "$n0"
+done

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/speaker_media_player/drive.py

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+"""Drive the speaker platform media player (the first media player found) over one API connection.
+
+usage: drive.py HOST KEY op [op ...]
+ops: play:URL | ann:URL | stop | press:BUTTON | wait:S
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import sys
+
+from aioesphomeapi import APIClient, ButtonInfo, MediaPlayerCommand, MediaPlayerInfo
+
+HOST, KEY, OPS = sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], sys.argv[3:]
+
+
+async def main() -> None:
+    c = APIClient(HOST, 6053, None, noise_psk=None if KEY == "-" else KEY)
+    await c.connect(login=True)
+    try:
+        await run_ops(c)
+    finally:
+        await c.disconnect()
+
+
+async def run_ops(c: APIClient) -> None:
+    ents, _ = await c.list_entities_services()
+    player = next((e for e in ents if isinstance(e, MediaPlayerInfo)), None)
+    if player is None:
+        sys.exit("no media player on this device")
+    buttons = {e.name: e for e in ents if isinstance(e, ButtonInfo)}
+    for op in OPS:
+        kind, _, rest = op.partition(":")
+        print(f"{asyncio.get_running_loop().time():.1f} {op}", flush=True)
+        if kind == "play":
+            c.media_player_command(player.key, media_url=rest)
+        elif kind == "ann":
+            c.media_player_command(player.key, media_url=rest, announcement=True)
+        elif kind == "stop":
+            c.media_player_command(player.key, command=MediaPlayerCommand.STOP)
+        elif kind == "press":
+            if rest not in buttons:
+                sys.exit(f"no button {rest!r}; have {sorted(buttons)}")
+            c.button_command(buttons[rest].key)
+        elif kind == "wait":
+            await asyncio.sleep(float(rest))
+        else:
+            sys.exit(f"unknown op {op!r}")
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
+
+
+asyncio.run(main())

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/web_server/httpd_cases.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# httpd_cases.sh HOST USER PASS LABEL CAPTURE : HTTPD task stack load for the web_server_idf task size; probe lines from
+# CAPTURE, SSE client output into the working directory. A failed step ends the run with its status.
+H=$1; U=$2; P=$3; LABEL=$4; LOG=$5; HERE=$(dirname "$0")
+[ -r "$LOG" ] || { echo "usage: httpd_cases.sh HOST USER PASS LABEL CAPTURE (CAPTURE must be a readable file)"; exit 2; }
+probes() { tail -n +$(($1+1)) "$LOG" | sed 's/\x1b\[[0-9;]*m//g' | grep -a -o "\[[0-9:]*\]\[I\]\[probe:[0-9]*\]: .*httpd min free stack [0-9]*\|\[[0-9:]*\]\[[WE]\]\[[a-z_.]*:[0-9]*\].*\|Guru.*" | grep -a -v "took a long time\|does not fit\|\]\[httpd\]: /" | sed 's/\[I\]\[probe:[0-9]*\]: loopTask min free stack \([0-9]*\), httpd min free stack \([0-9]*\)/ loop \1 httpd \2/' | uniq -f1 | cut -c1-140; }
+step() { n0=$(wc -l < "$LOG"); echo "=== $LABEL: $1 ($(date +%T))"; shift; "$@" || { rc=$?; echo "step failed ($rc)"; exit $rc; }; echo "--- device log:"; probes "$n0"; }
+step "idle 15 s" sleep 15
+step "request mix, 20 rounds" sh "$HERE/httpmix.sh" "$H" "$U" "$P" 20
+# Two SSE clients next to the request mix; arguments stay quoted, nothing is reparsed as shell code
+concurrent() {
+  sh "$HERE/ssecurl.sh" "$H" "$U" "$P" 40 "$PWD/sse1-$LABEL.txt" & p1=$!
+  sh "$HERE/ssecurl.sh" "$H" "$U" "$P" 40 "$PWD/sse2-$LABEL.txt" & p2=$!
+  sh "$HERE/httpmix.sh" "$H" "$U" "$P" 12 && wait $p1 && wait $p2
+}
+step "2 SSE clients 40 s with the request mix alongside" concurrent
+step "idle 15 s after" sleep 15

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/web_server/httpmix.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# httpmix.sh HOST USER PASS ROUNDS : authenticated request mix (curl --anyauth follows the server's Basic or Digest
+# challenge): page, two json endpoints, a switch POST, a 404, an unauthenticated 401 and a 2 s SSE stream per round
+H=$1; U=$2; P=$3; N=$4; ok=0; bad=0
+# chk EXPECTED LABEL curl-args... : only LABEL is printed on a miss, never the argument list with the credentials
+chk() { exp=$1; label=$2; shift 2; c=$(curl -s -m 6 -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" "$@"); if [ "$c" = "$exp" ]; then ok=$((ok+1)); else bad=$((bad+1)); echo "expected $exp got $c: $label"; fi; }
+sse_tmp=$(mktemp)
+for i in $(seq 1 $N); do
+  page=$(curl -s -m 6 -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" -u "$U:$P" --anyauth "http://$H/")
+  if [ "$page" = 200 ]; then ok=$((ok+1)); else bad=$((bad+1)); echo "expected 200 got $page: /"; fi
+  chk 200 "GET /sensor/Fast%201" -u "$U:$P" --anyauth "http://$H/sensor/Fast%201"
+  chk 200 "GET /text_sensor/Big" -u "$U:$P" --anyauth "http://$H/text_sensor/Big"
+  chk 200 "GET /switch/Toggle" -u "$U:$P" --anyauth "http://$H/switch/Toggle"
+  chk 200 "POST /switch/Toggle/toggle" -u "$U:$P" --anyauth -X POST -H "Content-Length: 0" "http://$H/switch/Toggle/toggle"
+  # The IDF server closes an unknown path without a response: curl ends with 52 (empty reply) or 56 (reset), never a
+  # timeout (28) or a refused connection (7); only trust the close when the page just answered
+  c=$(curl -s -m 6 -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" -u "$U:$P" --anyauth "http://$H/nonexistent"); rc=$?
+  if [ "$c" = 000 ] && [ "$page" = 200 ] && { [ "$rc" = 52 ] || [ "$rc" = 56 ]; }; then ok=$((ok+1)); else bad=$((bad+1)); echo "unknown path: got $c, curl status $rc, with the page at $page"; fi
+  chk 401 "GET / without credentials" "http://$H/"
+  timeout 2 curl -s -N -u "$U:$P" --anyauth -o "$sse_tmp" "http://$H/events" 2>/dev/null; rc=$?
+  if [ "$rc" = 124 ] && grep -q "^event: state" "$sse_tmp"; then ok=$((ok+1)); else bad=$((bad+1)); echo "SSE stream: curl status $rc, $(grep -c '^event: state' "$sse_tmp") state events"; fi
+  sleep 1
+done
+rm -f "$sse_tmp"
+echo "httpmix: $ok ok, $bad unexpected"
+[ "$bad" = 0 ]

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/web_server/sse.py

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+"""SSE client(s) for a web_server /events stream: counts state events and checks each is valid JSON.
+
+usage: sse.py HOST SECONDS [--clients N] [--stall] [--churn CYCLES]
+--stall opens one extra connection that never reads (the device's socket buffer fills); --churn opens
+and abruptly closes a connection CYCLES times, 2 s apart, next to the reading clients.
+"""
+
+import argparse
+from collections import Counter
+import contextlib
+import json
+import socket
+import sys
+import threading
+import time
+
+ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+ap.add_argument("host")
+ap.add_argument("seconds", type=float)
+ap.add_argument("--clients", type=int, default=1)
+ap.add_argument("--stall", action="store_true")
+ap.add_argument("--churn", type=int, default=0)
+args = ap.parse_args()
+
+REQ = b"GET /events HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: %s\r\nAccept: text/event-stream\r\nConnection: keep-alive\r\n\r\n"
+
+
+def read_chunked(sock, deadline, on_line):
+    """Decode HTTP chunked transfer encoding and feed complete event-stream lines to on_line."""
+    buf = b""
+    body = b""
+    headers_done = False
+    sock.settimeout(1.0)
+    while time.monotonic() < deadline:
+        try:
+            data = sock.recv(65536)
+        except TimeoutError:
+            continue
+        if not data:
+            return "closed"
+        buf += data
+        if not headers_done:
+            i = buf.find(b"\r\n\r\n")
+            if i < 0:
+                continue
+            headers_done = True
+            buf = buf[i + 4 :]
+        while True:
+            i = buf.find(b"\r\n")
+            if i < 0:
+                break
+            size = int(buf[:i].split(b";")[0], 16)
+            if len(buf) < i + 2 + size + 2:
+                break
+            body += buf[i + 2 : i + 2 + size]
+            buf = buf[i + 2 + size + 2 :]
+            if size == 0:
+                return "closed"
+        while b"\n" in body:
+            line, body = body.split(b"\n", 1)
+            on_line(line.rstrip(b"\r"))
+    return "deadline"
+
+
+class Client(threading.Thread):
+    def __init__(self, idx, seconds):
+        super().__init__(daemon=True)
+        self.idx = idx
+        self.seconds = seconds
+        self.events = Counter()
+        self.ids = Counter()
+        self.invalid = 0
+        self.max_data = 0
+        self.bytes = 0
+        self.end = "?"
+        self.cur_event = None
+
+    def on_line(self, line):
+        self.bytes += len(line) + 1
+        if line.startswith(b"event:"):
+            self.cur_event = line[6:].strip().decode()
+        elif line.startswith(b"data:"):
+            ev = self.cur_event or "message"
+            self.events[ev] += 1
+            data = line[5:].strip()
+            self.max_data = max(self.max_data, len(data))
+            if ev in ("state", "state_detail_all"):
+                try:
+                    obj = json.loads(data)
+                    self.ids[obj.get("id", "?")] += 1
+                except ValueError:
+                    self.invalid += 1
+        elif line == b"":
+            self.cur_event = None
+
+    def run(self):
+        try:
+            s = socket.create_connection((args.host, 80), timeout=5)
+            s.sendall(REQ % args.host.encode())
+            self.end = read_chunked(s, time.monotonic() + self.seconds, self.on_line)
+            s.close()
+        except (OSError, ValueError) as e:
+            self.end = f"error: {e}"
+
+
+clients = [Client(i, args.seconds) for i in range(args.clients)]
+for c in clients:
+    c.start()
+    time.sleep(0.3)
+
+stall_sock = None
+if args.stall:
+    # The window scale is negotiated in the SYN, so the small buffer must be set before connect()
+    stall_sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+    stall_sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_RCVBUF, 2048)
+    stall_sock.settimeout(5)
+    stall_sock.connect((args.host, 80))
+    stall_sock.sendall(REQ % args.host.encode())
+    print("stalled client opened (never reads)", flush=True)
+
+churn_done = 0
+for _ in range(args.churn):
+    try:
+        cs = socket.create_connection((args.host, 80), timeout=5)
+        cs.sendall(REQ % args.host.encode())
+        cs.settimeout(1.0)
+        with contextlib.suppress(TimeoutError):
+            cs.recv(4096)
+        cs.setsockopt(
+            socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_LINGER, b"\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"
+        )  # RST on close
+        cs.close()
+        churn_done += 1
+    except OSError as e:
+        print("churn error", e, flush=True)
+    time.sleep(2)
+if args.churn:
+    print(f"churn: {churn_done}/{args.churn} abrupt closes", flush=True)
+
+for c in clients:
+    c.join()
+stall_closed = None
+if stall_sock is not None:
+    # Drain what the small buffer holds: a close shows as b"" or a reset after it. A session the device left
+    # open keeps feeding events, so the drain has its own deadline and data past it means "still open".
+    stall_sock.settimeout(2.0)
+    drain_deadline = time.monotonic() + 5.0
+    try:
+        while stall_sock.recv(65536):
+            if time.monotonic() > drain_deadline:
+                break
+        else:
+            stall_closed = True
+    except TimeoutError:
+        pass
+    except OSError:
+        stall_closed = True
+    if stall_closed is None:
+        stall_closed = False
+    print(
+        "stalled client: closed by device"
+        if stall_closed
+        else "stalled client: still open",
+        flush=True,
+    )
+    stall_sock.close()
+
+for c in clients:
+    states = c.events["state"]
+    print(
+        f"client {c.idx}: {c.end}, {states} state events, {c.invalid} invalid JSON, max data {c.max_data} B, "
+        f"{c.bytes} B, other events { {k: v for k, v in c.events.items() if k != 'state'} }",
+        flush=True,
+    )
+    print("  per id:", dict(sorted(c.ids.items())), flush=True)
+
+failed = [
+    c for c in clients if c.end != "deadline" or c.invalid or not c.events["state"]
+]
+if failed:
+    sys.exit(
+        f"{len(failed)} client(s) did not run clean to the deadline with valid state events"
+    )
+if stall_closed is False:
+    sys.exit("stalled session was not closed by the device")
+if churn_done < args.churn:
+    sys.exit(f"only {churn_done} of {args.churn} churn connections were made")

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/web_server/sse_cases.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# sse_cases.sh HOST KEY LABEL CAPTURE : the SSE cases against templates/web-server-sse-dut.yaml with a console capture
+# running into CAPTURE; KEY is the API key (- for plaintext). The burst client output goes to the working directory.
+H=$1; K=$2; LABEL=$3; LOG=$4; PY=${PYTHON:-python3}; HERE=$(dirname "$0"); BTN=$HERE/../api_button.py
+[ -r "$LOG" ] || { echo "usage: sse_cases.sh HOST KEY LABEL CAPTURE (CAPTURE must be a readable file)"; exit 2; }
+show() { tail -n +$(($1+1)) "$LOG" | sed 's/\x1b\[[0-9;]*m//g' | grep -a '\[probe:\|\[W\]\|\[E\]\|web_server\|Guru\|abort\|Backtrace\|ESPHome version' | grep -a -v 'took a long time' | cut -c1-200; }
+step() { n0=$(wc -l < "$LOG"); echo "=== $LABEL: $1 ($(date +%T))"; shift; "$@" || { rc=$?; echo "client failed ($rc), aborting"; exit $rc; }; echo "--- device log:"; show "$n0"; }
+step "idle 15 s, no client" sleep 15
+step "1 client 60 s" $PY "$HERE/sse.py" "$H" 60 --clients 1
+step "4 clients 60 s" $PY "$HERE/sse.py" "$H" 60 --clients 4
+step "1 reader plus a stalled client 45 s" $PY "$HERE/sse.py" "$H" 45 --clients 1 --stall
+step "1 reader plus 10 abrupt closes 30 s" $PY "$HERE/sse.py" "$H" 30 --clients 1 --churn 10
+n0=$(wc -l < "$LOG"); echo "=== $LABEL: 2 clients 25 s with the Burst button at 5 s ($(date +%T))"
+$PY "$HERE/sse.py" "$H" 25 --clients 2 > "$PWD/burst-$LABEL.txt" 2>&1 &
+pid=$!
+sleep 5; $PY "$BTN" "$H" "$K" press "Burst" || { echo "button press failed"; exit 1; }
+wait $pid || { cat "$PWD/burst-$LABEL.txt"; echo "SSE clients failed during the burst"; exit 1; }
+cat "$PWD/burst-$LABEL.txt"; echo "--- device log:"; show "$n0"
+step "idle 15 s after" sleep 15

.agents/skills/hardware-test/scripts/web_server/ssecurl.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# ssecurl.sh HOST USER PASS SECONDS OUT : one authenticated SSE client through curl; counts state events and checks JSON
+H=$1; U=$2; P=$3; T=$4; OUT=$5
+timeout "$T" curl -sS -f -N -u "$U:$P" --anyauth "http://$H/events" > "$OUT"; rc=$?
+[ "$rc" = 124 ] || { echo "sse: curl ended with status $rc before the $T s deadline"; exit 1; }
+python3 - "$OUT" <<'PY'
+import json, sys
+states = invalid = 0; biggest = 0; ev = None
+data = open(sys.argv[1], "rb").read()
+lines = data.split(b"\n")
+if not data.endswith(b"\n"):
+    lines = lines[:-1]  # the deadline can cut the last line in half; only complete lines are checked
+for line in lines:
+    line = line.rstrip(b"\r")
+    if line.startswith(b"event:"):
+        ev = line[6:].strip()
+    elif line.startswith(b"data:") and ev == b"state":
+        states += 1; d = line[5:].strip(); biggest = max(biggest, len(d))
+        try: json.loads(d)
+        except ValueError: invalid += 1
+    elif line == b"":
+        ev = None
+print(f"sse: {states} state events, {invalid} invalid JSON, largest {biggest} B")
+sys.exit(1 if invalid or not states else 0)
+PY

.agents/skills/hardware-test/templates/aux-2-preprod-speaker-player-dut.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# Needs packages/aux-2-pre-prod.yaml from NabuCasa/aux-2 at commit 283f2e64 next to this file (see
+# reference/recipes/usb_audio.md). The AUX-2 package with the package's speaker_source player swapped for the speaker
+# platform player, which is the one built on speaker/media_player/audio_pipeline.cpp, plus the task name probe.
+
+packages:
+  core: !include aux-2-pre-prod.yaml
+
+esphome:
+  name: aux-2-dut
+  name_add_mac_suffix: false
+
+wifi:
+  ssid: !secret wifi_ssid
+  password: !secret wifi_password
+
+api:
+  encryption:
+    key: !secret api_key
+
+logger:
+  level: DEBUG
+
+sendspin:
+  unpaired_access: true
+
+media_player:
+  - id: !remove external_media_player
+  - platform: speaker
+    id: speaker_media_player
+    name: Media Player
+    volume_increment: 0.05
+    volume_min: 0.4
+    volume_max: 0.85
+    announcement_pipeline:
+      speaker: announcement_resampling_speaker
+      format: FLAC
+      num_channels: 1
+      sample_rate: 48000
+    media_pipeline:
+      speaker: media_resampling_speaker
+      format: FLAC
+      num_channels: 2
+      sample_rate: 48000
+    on_announcement:
+      - mixer_speaker.apply_ducking:
+          id: media_mixing_input
+          decibel_reduction: 20
+          duration: 0.0s
+
+button:
+  - platform: template
+    name: Task names
+    on_press:
+      - lambda: |-
+          static const char *const NAMES[] = {"ann_read", "ann_decode", "med_read", "med_decode"};
+          for (const char *n : NAMES) {
+            TaskHandle_t h = xTaskGetHandle(n);
+            if (h == nullptr) {
+              ESP_LOGI("tasks", "%s: missing", n);
+            } else {
+              ESP_LOGI("tasks", "%s: found as '%s', stack high water %u", n, pcTaskGetName(h),
+                       (unsigned) uxTaskGetStackHighWaterMark(h));
+            }
+          }
+          ESP_LOGI("tasks", "internal free %u, largest block %u", (unsigned) heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL),
+                   (unsigned) heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL));

.agents/skills/hardware-test/templates/dfrobot-sen0395-dut.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+# DFRobot SEN0395 on an ESP32 DevKit V1: V to VIN (5 V), G to GND, sensor TX to GPIO16 (RX2), sensor RX to GPIO17 (TX2),
+# IO2 to GPIO18, I1 unconnected. Settings buttons, the four switches and junk-line buttons whose echo and
+# "is not recognized" reply come back as lines of known length (220 and 240 bytes give replies over 252 chars).
+esp32:
+  board: esp32dev
+  framework:
+    type: esp-idf
+
+logger:
+  level: VERBOSE
+  logs:
+    api: DEBUG
+    api.connection: DEBUG
+    api.service: DEBUG
+    wifi: DEBUG
+    mdns: DEBUG
+    scheduler: DEBUG
+    component: DEBUG
+    esp32: DEBUG
+    uart: DEBUG
+
+wifi:
+  ssid: !secret wifi_ssid
+  password: !secret wifi_password
+
+api:
+  encryption:
+    key: !secret api_key
+  reboot_timeout: 0s
+
+ota:
+  - platform: esphome
+
+uart:
+  id: mmwave_uart
+  tx_pin: GPIO17
+  rx_pin: GPIO16
+  baud_rate: 115200
+
+dfrobot_sen0395:
+  id: mmwave
+  uart_id: mmwave_uart
+
+binary_sensor:
+  - platform: dfrobot_sen0395
+    dfrobot_sen0395_id: mmwave
+    name: Detected via UART
+    id: uart_detected
+  - platform: gpio
+    name: Detected via GPIO
+    device_class: motion
+    pin:
+      number: GPIO18
+      mode: INPUT_PULLDOWN
+
+switch:
+  - platform: dfrobot_sen0395
+    dfrobot_sen0395_id: mmwave
+    type: sensor_active
+    name: Sensor active
+  - platform: dfrobot_sen0395
+    dfrobot_sen0395_id: mmwave
+    type: presence_via_uart
+    name: Presence via UART
+  - platform: dfrobot_sen0395
+    dfrobot_sen0395_id: mmwave
+    type: turn_on_led
+    name: LED
+  - platform: dfrobot_sen0395
+    dfrobot_sen0395_id: mmwave
+    type: start_after_boot
+    name: Start after boot
+
+button:
+  - platform: template
+    name: Range 0 to 3m
+    on_press:
+      - dfrobot_sen0395.settings:
+          id: mmwave
+          detection_segments:
+            - [0cm, 3m]
+  - platform: template
+    name: Range 0 to 9m
+    on_press:
+      - dfrobot_sen0395.settings:
+          id: mmwave
+          detection_segments:
+            - [0cm, 9m]
+  - platform: template
+    name: Latency 1s 2s
+    on_press:
+      - dfrobot_sen0395.settings:
+          id: mmwave
+          output_latency:
+            delay_after_detect: 1s
+            delay_after_disappear: 2s
+  - platform: template
+    name: Latency 0 0
+    on_press:
+      - dfrobot_sen0395.settings:
+          id: mmwave
+          output_latency:
+            delay_after_detect: 0s
+            delay_after_disappear: 0s
+  - platform: template
+    name: Sensitivity 7
+    on_press:
+      - dfrobot_sen0395.settings:
+          id: mmwave
+          sensitivity: 7
+  - platform: template
+    name: Factory reset
+    on_press:
+      - dfrobot_sen0395.settings:
+          id: mmwave
+          factory_reset: true
+  - platform: template
+    name: Reset
+    on_press:
+      - dfrobot_sen0395.reset:
+          id: mmwave
+  - platform: template
+    name: Junk 100
+    on_press:
+      - uart.write:
+          id: mmwave_uart
+          data: !lambda |-
+            std::vector<uint8_t> v(100, 'x');
+            v.push_back('\r');
+            v.push_back('\n');
+            return v;
+  - platform: template
+    name: Junk 160
+    on_press:
+      - uart.write:
+          id: mmwave_uart
+          data: !lambda |-
+            std::vector<uint8_t> v(160, 'x');
+            v.push_back('\r');
+            v.push_back('\n');
+            return v;
+  - platform: template
+    name: Junk 200
+    on_press:
+      - uart.write:
+          id: mmwave_uart
+          data: !lambda |-
+            std::vector<uint8_t> v(200, 'x');
+            v.push_back('\r');
+            v.push_back('\n');
+            return v;
+  - platform: template
+    name: Junk 220
+    on_press:
+      - uart.write:
+          id: mmwave_uart
+          data: !lambda |-
+            std::vector<uint8_t> v(220, 'x');
+            v.push_back('\r');
+            v.push_back('\n');
+            return v;
+  - platform: template
+    name: Junk 240
+    on_press:
+      - uart.write:
+          id: mmwave_uart
+          data: !lambda |-
+            std::vector<uint8_t> v(240, 'x');
+            v.push_back('\r');
+            v.push_back('\n');
+            return v;
+  - platform: template
+    name: Junk 256
+    on_press:
+      - uart.write:
+          id: mmwave_uart
+          data: !lambda |-
+            std::vector<uint8_t> v(256, 'x');
+            v.push_back('\r');
+            v.push_back('\n');
+            return v;
+
+interval:
+  - interval: 30s
+    then:
+      - lambda: 'ESP_LOGI("sen", "alive uart_detected=%d heap=%u", id(uart_detected).state, (unsigned) esp_get_free_heap_size());'

.agents/skills/hardware-test/templates/homeassistant-light-dut.yaml

@@ -124,6 +124,20 @@ button:
     name: B off
     on_press:
       - light.turn_off: bulb_b
+  - platform: template
+    name: A 50 fade 3s
+    on_press:
+      - light.turn_on:
+          id: bulb_a
+          brightness: 50%
+          transition_length: 3s
+  - platform: template
+    name: A many calls
+    on_press:
+      - lambda: |-
+          for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+            id(bulb_a).make_call().set_brightness(i == 15 ? 1.0f : 0.6f).set_transition_length(1000).perform();
+          }
   - platform: template
     name: Log state
     on_press:

.agents/skills/hardware-test/templates/mqtt-transport-dut.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# MQTT transport test (#16056, needs that PR's tree for the transport option): one build per transport, name and mqtt block per file (see reference/recipes/mqtt.md).
+esp32:
+  board: esp32dev
+  framework:
+    type: esp-idf
+
+logger:
+  level: VERBOSE
+  logs:
+    wifi: DEBUG
+    api: DEBUG
+    api.connection: DEBUG
+    scheduler: DEBUG
+    component: DEBUG
+    sensor: DEBUG
+    esp32: DEBUG
+
+wifi:
+  ssid: !secret wifi_ssid
+  password: !secret wifi_password
+  power_save_mode: none
+
+api:
+  encryption:
+    key: !secret api_key
+  reboot_timeout: 0s
+
+ota:
+  - platform: esphome
+
+interval:
+  - interval: 10s
+    then:
+      - lambda: |-
+          ESP_LOGI("probe", "mqtt connected %d, internal free %u, largest block %u", id(mq).is_connected(),
+                   (unsigned) heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL),
+                   (unsigned) heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL));
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: template
+    name: Counter
+    update_interval: 2s
+    accuracy_decimals: 0
+    lambda: |-
+      static uint32_t n = 0;
+      return n++;
+
+switch:
+  - platform: template
+    name: Relay
+    id: relay
+    optimistic: true
+    on_turn_on:
+      - logger.log: "Relay ON"
+    on_turn_off:
+      - logger.log: "Relay OFF"
+
+button:
+  - platform: template
+    name: Publish big
+    on_press:
+      - mqtt.publish:
+          topic: ${name}/big
+          payload: !lambda |-
+            return std::string(3000, 'q');
+
+substitutions:
+  name: mqtt-dut
+
+esphome:
+  name: ${name}
+
+mqtt:
+  id: mq
+  broker: !secret broker_ip        # test.mosquitto.org for the public bundle run
+  port: 9002                       # 1883 tcp, 9001 ws, 9002 wss, 8081 public wss
+  transport: wss                   # drop for tcp
+  ws_path: /mqtt                   # ws and wss only
+  certificate_authority: !secret mqtt_ca   # drop for the bundle runs
+  skip_cert_cn_check: true         # with the local CA only: the certificate names an address
+  reboot_timeout: 0s
+  discovery: false
+  on_message:
+    - topic: ${name}/cmd
+      then:
+        - logger.log:
+            format: "cmd payload: %s"
+            args: ["x.c_str()"]

.agents/skills/hardware-test/templates/web-server-sse-dut.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# web_server_idf state SSE and HTTPD task stress (#21109, #21038). Add `auth:` with `type: digest` for the HTTPD
+# stack case; the entity endpoints are named after the entities (/sensor/Fast%201, /switch/Toggle/toggle).
+esphome:
+  name: web-server-dut
+
+esp32:
+  board: esp32dev
+  framework:
+    type: esp-idf
+
+logger:
+  level: DEBUG
+
+wifi:
+  ssid: !secret wifi_ssid
+  password: !secret wifi_password
+  power_save_mode: none
+
+api:
+  encryption:
+    key: !secret api_key
+  reboot_timeout: 0s
+
+ota:
+  - platform: esphome
+
+web_server:
+  port: 80
+  version: 3
+
+# Stack and heap probe from the main loop task (loopTask) and the HTTPD task.
+interval:
+  - interval: 5s
+    then:
+      - lambda: |-
+          TaskHandle_t httpd = xTaskGetHandle("httpd");
+          if (httpd == nullptr) {
+            ESP_LOGW("probe", "httpd task not found, loopTask min free stack %u",
+                     (unsigned) uxTaskGetStackHighWaterMark(nullptr));
+            return;
+          }
+          ESP_LOGI("probe", "loopTask min free stack %u, httpd min free stack %u, internal free %u, largest block %u",
+                   (unsigned) uxTaskGetStackHighWaterMark(nullptr), (unsigned) uxTaskGetStackHighWaterMark(httpd),
+                   (unsigned) heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL),
+                   (unsigned) heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL));
+
+# Small state events: eight sensors at 200 ms, well under the 1024 byte stack buffer.
+sensor:
+  - platform: template
+    name: Fast 1
+    id: fast1
+    update_interval: 200ms
+    accuracy_decimals: 3
+    lambda: return random_float() * 100.0f;
+  - platform: template
+    name: Fast 2
+    update_interval: 200ms
+    accuracy_decimals: 3
+    lambda: return random_float() * 100.0f;
+  - platform: template
+    name: Fast 3
+    update_interval: 200ms
+    accuracy_decimals: 3
+    lambda: return random_float() * 100.0f;
+  - platform: template
+    name: Fast 4
+    update_interval: 200ms
+    accuracy_decimals: 3
+    lambda: return random_float() * 100.0f;
+  - platform: template
+    name: Fast 5
+    update_interval: 200ms
+    accuracy_decimals: 3
+    lambda: return random_float() * 100.0f;
+  - platform: template
+    name: Fast 6
+    update_interval: 200ms
+    accuracy_decimals: 3
+    lambda: return random_float() * 100.0f;
+  - platform: template
+    name: Fast 7
+    update_interval: 200ms
+    accuracy_decimals: 3
+    lambda: return random_float() * 100.0f;
+  - platform: template
+    name: Fast 8
+    update_interval: 200ms
+    accuracy_decimals: 3
+    lambda: return random_float() * 100.0f;
+
+# Large state events: the text sensor JSON carries the string twice (value and state).
+# mid ~1.3 kB goes to the 2048 byte tail, big ~3.7 kB grows the tail to 4096, huge ~5.7 kB exceeds the
+# 5120 byte JSON room and must be dropped with "State event does not fit".
+text_sensor:
+  - platform: template
+    name: Mid
+    id: mid
+    update_interval: 1s
+    lambda: |-
+      static uint32_t n = 0;
+      std::string s = std::to_string(n++) + ":";
+      s.append(600 - s.size(), 'm');
+      return s;
+  - platform: template
+    name: Big
+    id: big
+    update_interval: 2s
+    lambda: |-
+      static uint32_t n = 0;
+      std::string s = std::to_string(n++) + ":";
+      s.append(1800 - s.size(), 'b');
+      return s;
+  - platform: template
+    name: Huge
+    id: huge
+    update_interval: 7s
+    lambda: |-
+      static uint32_t n = 0;
+      std::string s = std::to_string(n++) + ":";
+      s.append(2800 - s.size(), 'h');
+      return s;
+
+switch:
+  - platform: template
+    name: Toggle
+    optimistic: true
+
+button:
+  - platform: template
+    name: Burst
+    on_press:
+      - lambda: |-
+          for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
+            id(fast1).publish_state(i);
+            id(mid).publish_state(std::string(600, 'x'));
+          }

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
         // python
         "ms-python.python",
         "ms-python.pylint",
-        "ms-python.flake8",
         "charliermarsh.ruff",
         "visualstudioexptteam.vscodeintellicode",
         // yaml
@@ -48,9 +47,6 @@
         "pylint.args": [
           "--rcfile=${workspaceFolder}/pyproject.toml"
         ],
-        "flake8.args": [
-          "--config=${workspaceFolder}/.flake8"
-        ],
         "ruff.configuration": "${workspaceFolder}/pyproject.toml",
         "[python]": {
           // VS will say "Value is not accepted" before building the devcontainer, but the warning

.flake8

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-[flake8]
-max-line-length = 120
-# Following 4 for black compatibility
-# E501: line too long
-# W503: Line break occurred before a binary operator
-# E203: Whitespace before ':'
-# D202 No blank lines allowed after function docstring
-
-# TODO fix flake8
-# D100 Missing docstring in public module
-# D101 Missing docstring in public class
-# D102 Missing docstring in public method
-# D103 Missing docstring in public function
-# D104 Missing docstring in public package
-# D105 Missing docstring in magic method
-# D107 Missing docstring in __init__
-# D200 One-line docstring should fit on one line with quotes
-# D205 1 blank line required between summary line and description
-# D209 Multi-line docstring closing quotes should be on a separate line
-# D400 First line should end with a period
-# D401 First line should be in imperative mood
-
-ignore =
-  E501,
-  W503,
-  E203,
-  D202,
-
-  D100,
-  D101,
-  D102,
-  D103,
-  D104,
-  D105,
-  D107,
-  D200,
-  D205,
-  D209,
-  D400,
-  D401,
-
-exclude = api_pb2.py

.github/workflows/matchers/lint-python.json

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "problemMatcher": [
-    {
-      "owner": "ruff",
-      "severity": "error",
-      "pattern": [
-        {
-          "regexp": "^(.*): (Please format this file with the ruff formatter)",
-          "file": 1,
-          "message": 2
-        }
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "owner": "flake8",
-      "severity": "error",
-      "pattern": [
-          {
-          "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+): ([EFCDNW]\\d{3}.*)$",
-          "file": 1,
-          "line": 2,
-          "message": 3
-          }
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "owner": "pylint",
-      "severity": "error",
-      "pattern": [
-        {
-          "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+): (\\[[EFCRW]\\d{4}\\(.*\\),.*\\].*)$",
-          "file": 1,
-          "line": 2,
-          "message": 3
-        }
-      ]
-    }
-  ]
-}

.github/workflows/sync-device-classes.yml

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Verify prek clean
         # Second pass: re-run all hooks against the now-fixed tree.
         # Auto-fixers exit 0 (nothing to change); any remaining failure
-        # from a check-only hook (flake8 / yamllint / ci-custom) is a
+        # from a check-only hook (yamllint / ci-custom) is a
         # real issue and fails the workflow loudly. Same PREK_SKIP list as
         # above for the same reasons.
         env:

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -17,14 +17,6 @@ repos:
         args: [--fix]
       # Run the formatter.
       - id: ruff-format
-  - repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8
-    rev: 7.4.1
-    hooks:
-      - id: flake8
-        additional_dependencies:
-          - flake8-docstrings==1.7.0
-          - pydocstyle==5.1.1
-        files: ^(esphome|tests)/.+\.py$
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
     rev: v5.0.0
     hooks:

AGENTS.md

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ file does, and it is the authority when they disagree. The most useful starting
 *   https://developers.esphome.io/contributing/code/ - contribution rules, public API and breaking changes.
 
 *   **Formatting:**
-    *   **Python:** Uses `ruff` and `flake8` for linting and formatting. Configuration is in `pyproject.toml`.
+    *   **Python:** Uses `ruff` for linting and formatting. Configuration is in `pyproject.toml`.
     *   **C++:** Uses `clang-format` for formatting. Configuration is in `.clang-format`.
 
 *   **Naming Conventions:**
@@ -80,13 +80,15 @@ file does, and it is the authority when they disagree. The most useful starting
         ```python
         # Bad - looks up CONF_BLAH twice
         if CONF_BLAH in config:
-            cg.add(var.set_blah(config[CONF_BLAH]))
+            cg.add(var.set_blah_ms(config[CONF_BLAH].total_milliseconds))
 
         # Good - single lookup, value bound inline
         if (blah := config.get(CONF_BLAH)) is not None:
-            cg.add(var.set_blah(blah))
+            cg.add(var.set_blah_ms(blah.total_milliseconds))
         ```
         The same applies to `while` loops and comprehensions where it avoids recomputing a value. Don't contort code to use it — reach for `:=` only when it genuinely cuts repetition or an extra assignment line.
+        When the setter takes the value unchanged, use `cg.add_optional(var.set_blah, config.get(CONF_BLAH))`
+        instead; it is not awaited, and it skips only `None`, so `0` and `False` are still set.
 
 *   **C++ Field Visibility:**
     *   **Prefer `protected`:** Use `protected` for most class fields to enable extensibility and testing. Fields should be `lower_snake_case_with_trailing_underscore_`.
@@ -208,8 +210,14 @@ file does, and it is the authority when they disagree. The most useful starting
     *   **Fixed sets of names** (status words, model names): a `PROGMEM_STRING_TABLE` (`esphome/core/progmem.h`),
         logged with `get_log_str` and `LOG_STR_ARG`, copied out with `ESPHOME_strncpy_P` before `publish_state`.
         A `dump_config` helper that picks a name returns `const LogString *` from `LOG_STR(...)`.
-    *   **CRCs and bit tricks** come from `esphome/core/helpers.h` (`crc8`, `crc16`, `reverse_bits`, `encode_uint16`);
-        pick the helper's polynomial and bit-order arguments instead of writing a CRC loop.
+    *   **CRCs and bit tricks** come from `esphome/core/helpers.h` (`crc8`, `crc16`, `xor_bytes`, `sum16_bytes`,
+        `reverse_bits`, `encode_uint16`, `encode_value_le`, `sign_extend<BITS>`, `bcd_to_uint8`); pick the helper's
+        arguments instead of writing a loop. Epson style 7-byte RTC calendars (one-hot weekday) use
+        `time::decode_bcd_calendar`.
+    *   **Bus helpers:** UART drains with `read_available(on_byte)` and `discard_available()`, text lines with
+        `LineReader<N>`; I2C has `update_register`, `write_registers` (PROGMEM `I2CRegValue` table), `check_chip_id`
+        and `read_bytes_16_le`. `if (!this->status_comm_result(ok)) return;` sets or clears the warning.
+        A child sensor that skips repeated values is `SUB_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP(name, type)`.
     *   **An unset float is `NAN`**, not `optional<float>`; the optional costs 4 to 8 bytes of padding per member.
     *   **`PollingComponent` first runs `update()`** after a random share of the interval; call `this->update()` at the
         end of `setup()` when the entities need a state at boot.
@@ -429,6 +437,22 @@ file does, and it is the authority when they disagree. The most useful starting
           and `await cg.add_variable(var.set_bus, config[CONF_BUS_ID])`; both skip a `None` value, so pass
           `config.get(KEY)` for an optional key, and return what they created. Use `cg.register_parented` for `set_parent`.
 
+        - **Hub forwarding entities need no C++ class:** a button, switch, number or select that only calls its hub
+          uses `button.ApplyButton` (`switch.ApplySwitch`, `number.ApplyNumber`, `select.ApplySelect`) in its schema
+          and `apply=` on the `sub_*` call. The body is a call on the hub with `entity` and `state`, `value` or
+          `index`/`option` in scope; on a switch, number or select `publish="before"` or `"after"` publishes the state.
+          ```python
+          switches = switch.sub_switches(config, parent=hub)
+          await switches(CONF_BLUETOOTH, None, apply="set_bluetooth(state)", publish="after")
+          ```
+
+        - **Other codegen helpers:** `uart.new_uart_component(config, *ctor_args)` (and `i2c.new_i2c_component`,
+          `spi.new_spi_component`, `modbus.new_modbus_client_component`, `ble_client.new_ble_node_component`)
+          constructs, registers and attaches in one call; `display.add_writer(var, config)` sets the lambda;
+          `MyEnum.options("on", prefix="MY_ENUM_")` builds an enum dict; `button.restart_button_schema(cls)` (and
+          `factory_reset_`, `query_`) are button presets; `fv.get_declaring_config(id)` finds a hub's config in
+          final validation.
+
 *   **Automations (Triggers, Actions, Conditions):**
 
     Automations have three building blocks: **Triggers** (fire when something happens), **Actions** (do something), and **Conditions** (check if something is true).

CODEOWNERS

@@ -601,6 +601,8 @@ esphome/components/ssd1331_base/* @kbx81
 esphome/components/ssd1331_spi/* @kbx81
 esphome/components/ssd1351_base/* @kbx81
 esphome/components/ssd1351_spi/* @kbx81
+esphome/components/st25r/* @JohnMcLear
+esphome/components/st25r_spi/* @JohnMcLear
 esphome/components/st7123/* @miniskipper
 esphome/components/st7305/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/st7567_base/* @latonita
@@ -695,6 +697,7 @@ esphome/components/veml3235/* @kbx81
 esphome/components/veml7700/* @latonita
 esphome/components/version/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/vevor_dtx/* @Bofr5555
+esphome/components/vl53l1x/* @will-tm
 esphome/components/voice_assistant/* @jesserockz @kahrendt
 esphome/components/wake_on_lan/* @clydebarrow @willwill2will54
 esphome/components/watchdog/* @oarcher

docker/Dockerfile

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ RUN \
     -r /requirements.txt
 
 # Install the ESPHome Device Builder dashboard.
-RUN uv pip install --no-cache-dir esphome-device-builder==1.24.0
+RUN uv pip install --no-cache-dir esphome-device-builder==1.25.0
 
 RUN \
     platformio settings set enable_telemetry No \

esphome/codegen.py

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ from esphome.cpp_generator import (  # noqa: F401
     with_local_variable,
 )
 from esphome.cpp_helpers import (  # noqa: F401
+    add_optional,
     add_pin,
     add_variable,
     build_registry_entry,

esphome/components/ac_dimmer/ac_dimmer.cpp

@@ -184,11 +184,9 @@ void AcDimmer::setup() {
   this->store_.zero_cross_pin_number = this->zero_cross_pin_->get_pin();
   this->store_.min_power = static_cast<uint16_t>(this->min_power_ * 1000);
   this->min_power_ = 0;
-  this->store_.method = this->method_;
 
   if (setup_zero_cross_pin) {
     this->zero_cross_pin_->setup();
-    this->store_.zero_cross_pin = this->zero_cross_pin_->to_isr();
     this->zero_cross_pin_->attach_interrupt(&AcDimmerDataStore::s_gpio_intr, &this->store_,
                                             this->zero_cross_interrupt_type_);
   }
@@ -227,24 +225,18 @@ void AcDimmer::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
                 "AcDimmer:\n"
                 "  Min Power: %.1f%%\n"
-                "  Init with half cycle: %s",
-                this->store_.min_power / 10.0f, YESNO(this->init_with_half_cycle_));
+                "  Init with half cycle: %s\n"
+                "  Interrupt Type: %s\n"
+                "  Method: %s",
+                this->store_.min_power / 10.0f, YESNO(this->init_with_half_cycle_),
+                this->zero_cross_interrupt_type_ == gpio::INTERRUPT_RISING_EDGE    ? LOG_STR_LITERAL("rising")
+                : this->zero_cross_interrupt_type_ == gpio::INTERRUPT_FALLING_EDGE ? LOG_STR_LITERAL("falling")
+                                                                                   : LOG_STR_LITERAL("any"),
+                this->store_.method == DIM_METHOD_LEADING_PULSE ? LOG_STR_LITERAL("leading pulse")
+                : this->store_.method == DIM_METHOD_LEADING     ? LOG_STR_LITERAL("leading")
+                                                                : LOG_STR_LITERAL("trailing"));
   LOG_PIN("  Output Pin: ", this->gate_pin_);
   LOG_PIN("  Zero-Cross Pin: ", this->zero_cross_pin_);
-  if (this->zero_cross_interrupt_type_ == gpio::INTERRUPT_RISING_EDGE) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Interrupt Type: rising");
-  } else if (this->zero_cross_interrupt_type_ == gpio::INTERRUPT_FALLING_EDGE) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Interrupt Type: falling");
-  } else {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Interrupt Type: any");
-  }
-  if (method_ == DIM_METHOD_LEADING_PULSE) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Method: leading pulse");
-  } else if (method_ == DIM_METHOD_LEADING) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Method: leading");
-  } else {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Method: trailing");
-  }
   LOG_FLOAT_OUTPUT(this);
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "  Estimated Frequency: %.3fHz", 1e6f / this->store_.cycle_time_us / 2);
 }

esphome/components/ac_dimmer/ac_dimmer.h

@@ -6,19 +6,11 @@
 
 namespace esphome::ac_dimmer {
 
-enum DimMethod { DIM_METHOD_LEADING_PULSE = 0, DIM_METHOD_LEADING, DIM_METHOD_TRAILING };
+enum DimMethod : uint8_t { DIM_METHOD_LEADING_PULSE = 0, DIM_METHOD_LEADING, DIM_METHOD_TRAILING };
 
 struct AcDimmerDataStore {
-  /// Zero-cross pin
-  ISRInternalGPIOPin zero_cross_pin;
-  /// Zero-cross pin number - used to share ZC pin across multiple dimmers
-  uint8_t zero_cross_pin_number;
   /// Output pin to write to
   ISRInternalGPIOPin gate_pin;
-  /// Value of the dimmer - 0 to 65535.
-  uint16_t value;
-  /// Minimum power for activation
-  uint16_t min_power;
   /// Time between the last two ZC pulses
   uint32_t cycle_time_us;
   /// Time (in micros()) of last ZC signal
@@ -27,6 +19,12 @@ struct AcDimmerDataStore {
   uint32_t enable_time_us;
   /// Time since last ZC pulse to disable gate pin. 0 means no disable.
   uint32_t disable_time_us;
+  /// Value of the dimmer - 0 to 65535.
+  uint16_t value;
+  /// Minimum power for activation
+  uint16_t min_power;
+  /// Zero-cross pin number - used to share ZC pin across multiple dimmers
+  uint8_t zero_cross_pin_number;
   /// Set to send the first half ac cycle complete
   bool init_cycle;
   /// Dimmer method
@@ -50,17 +48,16 @@ class AcDimmer final : public output::FloatOutput, public Component {
   void set_zero_cross_pin(InternalGPIOPin *zero_cross_pin) { zero_cross_pin_ = zero_cross_pin; }
   void set_zero_cross_interrupt_type(gpio::InterruptType type) { zero_cross_interrupt_type_ = type; }
   void set_init_with_half_cycle(bool init_with_half_cycle) { init_with_half_cycle_ = init_with_half_cycle; }
-  void set_method(DimMethod method) { method_ = method; }
+  void set_method(DimMethod method) { this->store_.method = method; }
 
  protected:
   void write_state(float state) override;
 
   InternalGPIOPin *gate_pin_;
   InternalGPIOPin *zero_cross_pin_;
-  gpio::InterruptType zero_cross_interrupt_type_;
   AcDimmerDataStore store_;
+  gpio::InterruptType zero_cross_interrupt_type_;
   bool init_with_half_cycle_;
-  DimMethod method_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::ac_dimmer

esphome/components/airton/airton.cpp

@@ -136,13 +136,7 @@ void AirtonClimate::transmit_state() {
   data->set_carrier_frequency(AIRTON_IR_FREQUENCY);
   data->mark(AIRTON_HEADER_MARK);
   data->space(AIRTON_HEADER_SPACE);
-  for (uint8_t payload_byte : remote_state) {
-    for (uint8_t payload_bit_cursor = 0; payload_bit_cursor < 8; payload_bit_cursor++) {
-      data->mark(AIRTON_BIT_MARK);
-      bool bit = payload_byte & (1 << payload_bit_cursor);
-      data->space(bit ? AIRTON_ONE_SPACE : AIRTON_ZERO_SPACE);
-    }
-  }
+  data->item_bytes<AIRTON_BIT_TIMINGS>(remote_state, AIRTON_STATE_FRAME_SIZE);
 
   data->mark(AIRTON_BIT_MARK);
   data->space(AIRTON_MESSAGE_SPACE);
@@ -284,20 +278,14 @@ void AirtonClimate::parse_state_frame_(const uint8_t *frame) {
 }
 
 bool AirtonClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
-  uint8_t remote_state[AIRTON_STATE_FRAME_SIZE] = {};
+  uint8_t remote_state[AIRTON_STATE_FRAME_SIZE];
   if (!data.expect_item(AIRTON_HEADER_MARK, AIRTON_HEADER_SPACE)) {
     ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Wrong header encoding detected!");
     return false;
   }
-  for (int i = 0; i < AIRTON_STATE_FRAME_SIZE; i++) {
-    for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
-      if (data.expect_item(AIRTON_BIT_MARK, AIRTON_ONE_SPACE)) {
-        remote_state[i] |= 1 << j;
-      } else if (!data.expect_item(AIRTON_BIT_MARK, AIRTON_ZERO_SPACE)) {
-        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Wrong modulation encoding for: Byte %d, bit %d", i, j);
-        return false;
-      }
-    }
+  if (!data.expect_bytes<AIRTON_BIT_TIMINGS>(remote_state, AIRTON_STATE_FRAME_SIZE)) {
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Wrong modulation encoding");
+    return false;
   }
 
   if (remote_state[0] != AIRTON_HEADER_BYTE0 || remote_state[1] != AIRTON_HEADER_BYTE1) {

esphome/components/airton/airton.h

@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ static constexpr uint32_t AIRTON_IR_FREQUENCY = 38000;
 static constexpr uint32_t AIRTON_HEADER_MARK = 6630;
 static constexpr uint32_t AIRTON_HEADER_SPACE = 3350;
 static constexpr uint32_t AIRTON_BIT_MARK = 400;
-static constexpr uint32_t AIRTON_ONE_SPACE = 1260;
-static constexpr uint32_t AIRTON_ZERO_SPACE = 430;
+static constexpr remote_base::BitTimings AIRTON_BIT_TIMINGS{
+    .bit_mark = AIRTON_BIT_MARK, .one_space = 1260, .zero_space = 430};
 static constexpr uint32_t AIRTON_MESSAGE_SPACE = 100000;
 
 static constexpr uint8_t AIRTON_STATE_FRAME_SIZE = 7;

esphome/components/airton/switch/__init__.py

@@ -8,19 +8,18 @@ from ..climate import CONF_AIRTON_ID, CONF_SLEEP_MODE, AirtonClimate, airton_ns
 
 CODEOWNERS = ["@Procsiab"]
 
-AirtonSwitch = airton_ns.class_("AirtonSwitch", switch.Switch)
 AirtonSetting = airton_ns.enum("AirtonSetting", is_class=True)
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
     {
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_AIRTON_ID): cv.use_id(AirtonClimate),
         cv.Optional(CONF_DISPLAY): switch.switch_schema(
-            AirtonSwitch,
+            switch.ApplySwitch,
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
             default_restore_mode="DISABLED",
         ),
         cv.Optional(CONF_SLEEP_MODE): switch.switch_schema(
-            AirtonSwitch,
+            switch.ApplySwitch,
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
             default_restore_mode="DISABLED",
         ),
@@ -32,10 +31,12 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_AIRTON_ID])
     switches = switch.sub_switches(config, parent=hub)
     await switches(
-        CONF_DISPLAY, hub.set_display_switch, AirtonSetting.AIRTON_SETTING_DISPLAY
+        CONF_DISPLAY,
+        hub.set_display_switch,
+        apply=f"set_setting({AirtonSetting.AIRTON_SETTING_DISPLAY}, state)",
     )
     await switches(
         CONF_SLEEP_MODE,
         hub.set_sleep_mode_switch,
-        AirtonSetting.AIRTON_SETTING_SLEEP_MODE,
+        apply=f"set_setting({AirtonSetting.AIRTON_SETTING_SLEEP_MODE}, state)",
     )

esphome/components/airton/switch/airton_switch.h

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/components/switch/switch.h"
-#include "../airton.h"
-
-namespace esphome::airton {
-
-// One of the unit's on/off settings; the parent sends the state and publishes it back
-class AirtonSwitch : public switch_::Switch, public Parented<AirtonClimate> {
- public:
-  explicit AirtonSwitch(AirtonSetting setting) : setting_(setting) {}
-
- protected:
-  void write_state(bool state) override { this->parent_->set_setting(this->setting_, state); }
-
-  AirtonSetting setting_;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::airton

esphome/components/apc1/sensor.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from esphome import automation, pins
 from esphome.automation import maybe_simple_id
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import sensor, uart
-from esphome.components.const import CONF_AQI
+from esphome.components.const import CONF_AQI, CONF_ERROR_CODE
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_ECO2,
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ CONF_RAW_HUMIDITY = "raw_humidity"
 CONF_RS0 = "rs0"
 CONF_RS2 = "rs2"
 CONF_RS3 = "rs3"
-CONF_ERROR_CODE = "error_code"
 
 apc1_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("apc1")
 APC1Component = apc1_ns.class_("APC1Component", uart.UARTDevice, cg.Component)

esphome/components/api/__init__.py

@@ -306,11 +306,6 @@ def _consume_api_sockets(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
 def _validate_outgoing_connection(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
     if (outgoing := config.get(CONF_OUTGOING_CONNECTION)) is None:
         return config
-    if CONF_ENCRYPTION not in config:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            "outgoing_connection requires 'encryption' so the peer is verified by key",
-            path=[CONF_OUTGOING_CONNECTION],
-        )
     # A device with no client reboots once reboot_timeout passes, so a delay that
     # reaches it would reboot the device before it ever dials
     reboot_timeout = config[CONF_REBOOT_TIMEOUT]
@@ -445,6 +440,11 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
         }
     ).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA),
     cv.rename_key(CONF_SERVICES, CONF_ACTIONS),
+    cv.key_requires(
+        CONF_OUTGOING_CONNECTION,
+        CONF_ENCRYPTION,
+        hint="The peer is verified by its key",
+    ),
     _validate_outgoing_connection,
     _consume_api_sockets,
     _register_provisioning_source,
@@ -728,15 +728,6 @@ VARIABLES_FIELDS_SCHEMA = cv.All(VARIABLES_SCHEMA, cv.Length(max=_FIELD_MAP_MAX)
 
 
 def _validate_response_config(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
-    # Validate dependencies:
-    # - response_template requires capture_response: true
-    # - capture_response: true requires on_success
-    if CONF_RESPONSE_TEMPLATE in config and not config[CONF_CAPTURE_RESPONSE]:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"`{CONF_RESPONSE_TEMPLATE}` requires `{CONF_CAPTURE_RESPONSE}: true` to be set.",
-            path=[CONF_RESPONSE_TEMPLATE],
-        )
-
     if config[CONF_CAPTURE_RESPONSE] and CONF_ON_SUCCESS not in config:
         raise cv.Invalid(
             f"`{CONF_CAPTURE_RESPONSE}: true` requires `{CONF_ON_SUCCESS}` to be set.",
@@ -771,6 +762,7 @@ HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_ACTION_SCHEMA = cv.All(
     ),
     cv.has_exactly_one_key(CONF_SERVICE, CONF_ACTION),
     cv.rename_key(CONF_SERVICE, CONF_ACTION),
+    cv.only_when(CONF_RESPONSE_TEMPLATE, CONF_CAPTURE_RESPONSE, True),
     _validate_response_config,
 )
 

esphome/components/api/wizard.py

@@ -119,11 +119,6 @@ def _validate_multiple(conf: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
             "is only for standalone inputs (id)",
             path=[CONF_MULTIPLE],
         )
-    if CONF_MAX_LENGTH in conf and not conf[CONF_MULTIPLE]:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            "max_length only applies to an input with multiple: true",
-            path=[CONF_MAX_LENGTH],
-        )
     return conf
 
 
@@ -150,6 +145,7 @@ WIZARD_INPUT_SCHEMA = cv.All(
     ),
     cv.has_exactly_one_key(CONF_ID, CONF_ENTITY),
     _validate_multiple,
+    cv.only_when(CONF_MAX_LENGTH, CONF_MULTIPLE, True),
 )
 
 WIZARD_PAGE_SCHEMA = cv.All(

esphome/components/aqi/sensor.py

@@ -17,16 +17,6 @@ DEPENDENCIES = ["sensor"]
 AQISensor = aqi_ns.class_("AQISensor", sensor.Sensor, cg.Component)
 
 
-def _validate_extended_range(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
-    if CONF_EXTENDED_RANGE in config and config[CONF_CALCULATION_TYPE] == "CAQI":
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"'{CONF_EXTENDED_RANGE}' is not supported with 'calculation_type: CAQI'. "
-            "CAQI has no maximum value by specification, so it is always reported unbounded.",
-            [CONF_EXTENDED_RANGE],
-        )
-    return config
-
-
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
     sensor.sensor_schema(
         AQISensor,
@@ -45,7 +35,13 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
         }
     )
     .extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA),
-    _validate_extended_range,
+    cv.only_when(
+        CONF_EXTENDED_RANGE,
+        CONF_CALCULATION_TYPE,
+        "CAQI",
+        negate=True,
+        hint="CAQI has no maximum by specification, so it is always reported unbounded",
+    ),
 )
 
 

esphome/components/ballu/ballu.cpp

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "ballu.climate");
 const uint16_t BALLU_HEADER_MARK = 9000;
 const uint16_t BALLU_HEADER_SPACE = 4500;
 const uint16_t BALLU_BIT_MARK = 575;
-const uint16_t BALLU_ONE_SPACE = 1675;
-const uint16_t BALLU_ZERO_SPACE = 550;
+static constexpr remote_base::BitTimings BALLU_BIT_TIMINGS{
+    .bit_mark = BALLU_BIT_MARK, .one_space = 1675, .zero_space = 550};
 
 const uint32_t BALLU_CARRIER_FREQUENCY = 38000;
 
@@ -104,13 +104,7 @@ void BalluClimate::transmit_state() {
   data->mark(BALLU_HEADER_MARK);
   data->space(BALLU_HEADER_SPACE);
   // Data
-  for (uint8_t i : remote_state) {
-    for (uint8_t j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
-      data->mark(BALLU_BIT_MARK);
-      bool bit = i & (1 << j);
-      data->space(bit ? BALLU_ONE_SPACE : BALLU_ZERO_SPACE);
-    }
-  }
+  data->item_bytes<BALLU_BIT_TIMINGS>(remote_state, BALLU_STATE_LENGTH);
   // Footer
   data->mark(BALLU_BIT_MARK);
 
@@ -124,21 +118,10 @@ bool BalluClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
     return false;
   }
 
-  uint8_t remote_state[BALLU_STATE_LENGTH] = {0};
-  // Read all bytes.
-  for (int i = 0; i < BALLU_STATE_LENGTH; i++) {
-    // Read bit
-    for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
-      if (data.expect_item(BALLU_BIT_MARK, BALLU_ONE_SPACE)) {
-        remote_state[i] |= 1 << j;
-
-      } else if (!data.expect_item(BALLU_BIT_MARK, BALLU_ZERO_SPACE)) {
-        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Byte %d bit %d fail", i, j);
-        return false;
-      }
-    }
-
-    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Byte %d %02X", i, remote_state[i]);
+  uint8_t remote_state[BALLU_STATE_LENGTH];
+  if (!data.expect_bytes<BALLU_BIT_TIMINGS>(remote_state, BALLU_STATE_LENGTH)) {
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Data fail");
+    return false;
   }
   // Validate footer
   if (!data.expect_mark(BALLU_BIT_MARK)) {

esphome/components/bedjet/__init__.py

@@ -43,5 +43,4 @@ async def register_bedjet_child(var: MockObj, config: ConfigType) -> None:
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     var = await ble_client.new_ble_node_component(config)
     await cg.add_variable(var.set_time_id, config.get(CONF_TIME_ID))
-    if (receive_timeout := config.get(CONF_RECEIVE_TIMEOUT)) is not None:
-        cg.add(var.set_status_timeout(receive_timeout))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_status_timeout, config.get(CONF_RECEIVE_TIMEOUT))

esphome/components/beken_spi_led_strip/led_strip.cpp

@@ -20,18 +20,35 @@ extern "C" {
 
 static const uint32_t SPI_TX_DMA_CHANNEL = GDMA_CHANNEL_3;
 
-// TODO: Check if SPI_PERI_CLK_DCO depends on the chip variant
 static const uint32_t SPI_PERI_CLK_26M = 26000000;
+
+#if defined(USE_LIBRETINY_VARIANT_BK7251)
+static const uint32_t SPI_PERI_CLK_DCO = 180000000;
+#else
 static const uint32_t SPI_PERI_CLK_DCO = 120000000;
+#endif
+
+// The beken378 SDK has two SPI register layouts:
+//   N-like (BK7231N, BK7238, BK7252N): CTRL +0x00, CONFIG +0x04, STAT +0x08, DAT +0x0C
+//   T-like (BK7231T, BK7251):          CTRL +0x00, STAT +0x04, DAT +0x08
+// The N-like variants also have TX enable / transfer length / TX finish bits in CONFIG.
+// The T-like variants have no CONFIG address.
+#if defined(USE_LIBRETINY_VARIANT_BK7231N) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY_VARIANT_BK7238)
+#define BEKEN_SPI_IS_N_LIKE
+#endif
 
 static const uint32_t SPI_BASE = 0x00802700;
+#ifdef BEKEN_SPI_IS_N_LIKE
 static const uint32_t SPI_DAT = SPI_BASE + 3 * 4;
 static const uint32_t SPI_CONFIG = SPI_BASE + 1 * 4;
-
 static const uint32_t SPI_TX_EN = 1 << 0;
-static const uint32_t CTRL_NSSMD_3 = 1 << 17;
 static const uint32_t SPI_TX_FINISH_EN = 1 << 2;
 static const uint32_t SPI_RX_FINISH_EN = 1 << 3;
+#else
+static const uint32_t SPI_DAT = SPI_BASE + 2 * 4;
+#endif
+
+static const uint32_t CTRL_NSSMD_3 = 1 << 17;
 
 namespace esphome::beken_spi_led_strip {
 
@@ -55,6 +72,7 @@ static void set_spi_ctrl_register(uint32_t bit, bool val) {
   REG_WRITE(SPI_CTRL, value);
 }
 
+#ifdef BEKEN_SPI_IS_N_LIKE
 static void set_spi_config_register(uint32_t bit, bool val) {
   uint32_t value = REG_READ(SPI_CONFIG);
   if (val == 0) {
@@ -64,10 +82,13 @@ static void set_spi_config_register(uint32_t bit, bool val) {
   }
   REG_WRITE(SPI_CONFIG, value);
 }
+#endif
 
 void spi_dma_tx_enable(bool enable) {
   GDMA_CFG_ST en_cfg;
+#ifdef BEKEN_SPI_IS_N_LIKE
   set_spi_config_register(SPI_TX_EN, enable);
+#endif
   en_cfg.channel = SPI_TX_DMA_CHANNEL;
   en_cfg.param = enable ? 1 : 0;
   sddev_control(GDMA_DEV_NAME, CMD_GDMA_SET_DMA_ENABLE, &en_cfg);
@@ -100,7 +121,13 @@ static void spi_set_clock(uint32_t max_hz) {
     param = PCLK_POSI_SPI;
     sddev_control(ICU_DEV_NAME, CMD_CONF_PCLK_26M, &param);
   }
+#ifdef BEKEN_SPI_IS_N_LIKE
+  // N-like variants: spi_clk = source_clk / (2 * div)
   div = ((source_clk >> 1) / spi_clk);
+#else
+  // T-like variants: spi_clk = source_clk / (2 * (div + 1))
+  div = ((source_clk >> 1) / spi_clk) - 1;
+#endif
   if (div < 2) {
     div = 2;
   } else if (div >= 255) {
@@ -110,7 +137,12 @@ static void spi_set_clock(uint32_t max_hz) {
   param &= ~(SPI_CKR_MASK << SPI_CKR_POSI);
   param |= (div << SPI_CKR_POSI);
   REG_WRITE(SPI_CTRL, param);
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "target frequency: %" PRIu32 ", actual frequency: %d", max_hz, source_clk / 2 / div);
+#ifdef BEKEN_SPI_IS_N_LIKE
+  const int divisor = div;
+#else
+  const int divisor = div + 1;
+#endif
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "target frequency: %" PRIu32 ", actual frequency: %d", max_hz, source_clk / 2 / divisor);
 }
 
 void spi_dma_tx_finish_callback(unsigned int param) {
@@ -187,8 +219,10 @@ void BekenSPILEDStripLightOutput::setup() {
 
   set_spi_ctrl_register(TXINT_EN, false);
   set_spi_ctrl_register(RXINT_EN, false);
+#ifdef BEKEN_SPI_IS_N_LIKE
   set_spi_config_register(SPI_TX_FINISH_EN, true);
   set_spi_config_register(SPI_RX_FINISH_EN, true);
+#endif
   set_spi_ctrl_register(RXOVR_EN, false);
   set_spi_ctrl_register(TXOVR_EN, false);
 
@@ -197,9 +231,17 @@ void BekenSPILEDStripLightOutput::setup() {
   value |= (1 << 17);
   REG_WRITE(SPI_CTRL, value);
 
+#ifdef BEKEN_SPI_IS_N_LIKE
   value = GFUNC_MODE_SPI_DMA;
+#else
+  // For T-like variants, GFUNC_MODE_SPI_DMA identifies an SPI-DMA peripheral
+  // with a different base address. We want the regular SPI controller here.
+  value = GFUNC_MODE_SPI;
+#endif
   sddev_control(GPIO_DEV_NAME, CMD_GPIO_ENABLE_SECOND, &value);
+#ifdef BEKEN_SPI_IS_N_LIKE
   set_spi_ctrl_register(SPI_S_CS_UP_INT_EN, false);
+#endif
 
   GDMA_CFG_ST en_cfg;
   GDMACFG_TPYES_ST init_cfg;
@@ -232,10 +274,16 @@ void BekenSPILEDStripLightOutput::setup() {
 
   spi_dma_tx_enable(false);
 
+#ifdef BEKEN_SPI_IS_N_LIKE
+  // N-like variants: The SPI controller must be told how many bytes to clock out.
   value = REG_READ(SPI_CONFIG);
   value &= ~(0xFFF << 8);
   value |= ((dma_buffer_size & 0xFFF) << 8);
   REG_WRITE(SPI_CONFIG, value);
+#else
+  // T-like variants: No transfer-length register. The SPI controller shifts out
+  // everything the DMA writes into SPI_DAT.
+#endif
 }
 
 void BekenSPILEDStripLightOutput::set_led_params(uint8_t bit0, uint8_t bit1, uint32_t spi_frequency) {
@@ -265,13 +313,35 @@ void BekenSPILEDStripLightOutput::write_state(light::LightState *state) {
   }
 
   if (!spi_data->first_run && !xSemaphoreTake(spi_data->dma_tx_semaphore, 10 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS)) {
+    // Recover so the next update can try again instead of being stuck forever.
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Timed out waiting for semaphore");
+    spi_dma_tx_enable(false);
+    spi_data->tx_in_progress = false;
+    xSemaphoreGive(spi_data->dma_tx_semaphore);
+    this->status_set_warning();
+    this->schedule_show();
     return;
   }
 
+#ifndef BEKEN_SPI_IS_N_LIKE
+  if (!spi_data->first_run) {
+    // For T-like variants, the GDMA finish interrupt only means that all bytes were written into
+    // the SPI TX FIFO. We must still wait for it to drain before refilling it.
+    uint32_t wait_start = micros();
+    while (!(REG_READ(SPI_STAT) & TXFIFO_EMPTY)) {
+      if (micros() - wait_start > 2000) {
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "SPI TX FIFO did not drain in time");
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+
   if (spi_data->tx_in_progress) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "tx_in_progress is set");
+    xSemaphoreGive(spi_data->dma_tx_semaphore);
     this->status_set_warning();
+    this->schedule_show();
     return;
   }
 

esphome/components/beken_spi_led_strip/light.py

@@ -32,19 +32,12 @@ class LEDStripTimings:
     spi_frequency: int
 
 
+# The SPI clock divider depends on the chip family and is calculated in led_strip.cpp.
 CHIPSETS = {
-    "WS2812": LEDStripTimings(
-        0b11100000, 0b11111100, 6666666
-    ),  # Clock divider: 9, Bit time: 1350ns
-    "SK6812": LEDStripTimings(
-        0b11000000, 0b11111000, 7500000
-    ),  # Clock divider: 8, Bit time: 1200ns
-    "APA106": LEDStripTimings(
-        0b11000000, 0b11111110, 5454545
-    ),  # Clock divider: 11, Bit time: 1650ns
-    "SM16703": LEDStripTimings(
-        0b11000000, 0b11111110, 7500000
-    ),  # Clock divider: 8, Bit time: 1200ns
+    "WS2812": LEDStripTimings(0b11100000, 0b11111100, 6666666),
+    "SK6812": LEDStripTimings(0b11000000, 0b11111000, 7500000),
+    "APA106": LEDStripTimings(0b11000000, 0b11111110, 5454545),
+    "SM16703": LEDStripTimings(0b11000000, 0b11111110, 7500000),
 }
 
 
@@ -111,8 +104,7 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     cg.add(var.set_num_leds(config[CONF_NUM_LEDS]))
     cg.add(var.set_pin(config[CONF_PIN]))
 
-    if CONF_MAX_REFRESH_RATE in config:
-        cg.add(var.set_max_refresh_rate(config[CONF_MAX_REFRESH_RATE]))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_max_refresh_rate, config.get(CONF_MAX_REFRESH_RATE))
 
     chipset = CHIPSETS[config[CONF_CHIPSET]]
     cg.add(

esphome/components/binary_sensor/binary_sensor.cpp

@@ -9,11 +9,9 @@ ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "binary_sensor");
 
 // Function implementation of LOG_BINARY_SENSOR macro to reduce code size
 void log_binary_sensor(const char *tag, const char *prefix, const char *type, BinarySensor *obj) {
-  if (obj == nullptr) {
+  if (!log_entity_header(tag, prefix, type, obj)) {
     return;
   }
-
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "%s%s '%s'", prefix, type, obj->get_name().c_str());
   LOG_ENTITY_DEVICE_CLASS(tag, prefix, *obj);
 }
 

esphome/components/bl0940/bl0940.cpp

@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ float BL0940::calculate_energy_reference_() {
 float BL0940::calculate_calibration_value_(float state) { return (100 + state) / 100; }
 
 void BL0940::reset_calibration() {
+  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Resetting calibration defaults...");
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
   if (this->current_calibration_number_ != nullptr && this->current_cal_ != 1) {
     this->current_calibration_number_->make_call().set_value(0).perform();

esphome/components/bl0940/button/__init__.py

@@ -1,28 +1,19 @@
-import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import button
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG, ICON_RESTART
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_BL0940_ID, bl0940_ns
+from .. import CONF_BL0940_ID
 from ..sensor import BL0940
 
-CalibrationResetButton = bl0940_ns.class_(
-    "CalibrationResetButton", button.Button, cg.Component
-)
-
-CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
-    button.button_schema(
-        CalibrationResetButton,
-        entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
-        icon=ICON_RESTART,
-    )
-    .extend({cv.GenerateID(CONF_BL0940_ID): cv.use_id(BL0940)})
-    .extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
-)
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = button.button_schema(
+    button.ApplyButton,
+    entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
+    icon=ICON_RESTART,
+).extend({cv.GenerateID(CONF_BL0940_ID): cv.use_id(BL0940)})
 
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    var = await button.new_button(config)
-    await cg.register_component(var, config)
-    await cg.register_parented(var, config[CONF_BL0940_ID])
+    await button.sub_buttons(config, parent=config[CONF_BL0940_ID]).create(
+        config, None, apply="reset_calibration()"
+    )

esphome/components/bl0940/button/calibration_reset_button.cpp

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-#include "calibration_reset_button.h"
-#include "../bl0940.h"
-#include "esphome/core/hal.h"
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
-#include "esphome/core/application.h"
-
-namespace esphome::bl0940 {
-
-ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "bl0940.button.calibration_reset");
-
-void CalibrationResetButton::dump_config() { LOG_BUTTON("", "Calibration Reset Button", this); }
-
-void CalibrationResetButton::press_action() {
-  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Resetting calibration defaults...");
-  this->parent_->reset_calibration();
-}
-
-}  // namespace esphome::bl0940

esphome/components/bl0940/button/calibration_reset_button.h

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/core/component.h"
-#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
-
-namespace esphome::bl0940 {
-
-class BL0940;  // Forward declaration of BL0940 class
-
-class CalibrationResetButton final : public button::Button, public Component, public Parented<BL0940> {
- public:
-  void dump_config() override;
-
-  void press_action() override;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::bl0940

esphome/components/bl0940/sensor.py

@@ -91,23 +91,6 @@ def calculate_energy_reference(power_reference: float) -> float:
     return power_reference * 3600000 / (1638.4 * 256)
 
 
-def validate_legacy_mode(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
-    # Only allow schematic calibration options if legacy_mode is False
-    if config.get(CONF_LEGACY_MODE, True):
-        forbidden = [
-            CONF_REFERENCE_VOLTAGE,
-            CONF_RESISTOR_SHUNT,
-            CONF_RESISTOR_ONE,
-            CONF_RESISTOR_TWO,
-        ]
-        for key in forbidden:
-            if key in config:
-                raise cv.Invalid(
-                    f"Option '{key}' is only allowed when legacy_mode: false"
-                )
-    return config
-
-
 def set_command_defaults(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
     # Set defaults for read_command and write_command based on legacy_mode
     legacy = config.get(CONF_LEGACY_MODE, True)
@@ -153,7 +136,7 @@ def set_reference_values(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
     return config
 
 
-CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
     cv.Schema(
         {
             cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(BL0940),
@@ -208,9 +191,18 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
     )
     .extend(cv.polling_component_schema("60s"))
     .extend(uart.UART_DEVICE_SCHEMA)
-    .add_extra(validate_legacy_mode)
     .add_extra(set_command_defaults)
-    .add_extra(set_reference_values)
+    .add_extra(set_reference_values),
+    cv.only_when(
+        (
+            CONF_REFERENCE_VOLTAGE,
+            CONF_RESISTOR_SHUNT,
+            CONF_RESISTOR_ONE,
+            CONF_RESISTOR_TWO,
+        ),
+        CONF_LEGACY_MODE,
+        False,
+    ),
 )
 
 # BL0940 datasheet: 4800 baud, 8 data bits, no parity (stop bits are 1.5 -- not

esphome/components/ble_presence/binary_sensor.py

@@ -83,8 +83,6 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
         ibeacon_uuid = ble_device_base.as_reversed_hex_array(ibeacon_uuid)
         cg.add(var.set_ibeacon_uuid(ibeacon_uuid))
 
-        if (ibeacon_major := config.get(CONF_IBEACON_MAJOR)) is not None:
-            cg.add(var.set_ibeacon_major(ibeacon_major))
+        cg.add_optional(var.set_ibeacon_major, config.get(CONF_IBEACON_MAJOR))
 
-        if (ibeacon_minor := config.get(CONF_IBEACON_MINOR)) is not None:
-            cg.add(var.set_ibeacon_minor(ibeacon_minor))
+        cg.add_optional(var.set_ibeacon_minor, config.get(CONF_IBEACON_MINOR))

esphome/components/ble_rssi/sensor.py

@@ -79,8 +79,6 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
         ibeacon_uuid = ble_device_base.as_reversed_hex_array(ibeacon_uuid)
         cg.add(var.set_ibeacon_uuid(ibeacon_uuid))
 
-        if (ibeacon_major := config.get(CONF_IBEACON_MAJOR)) is not None:
-            cg.add(var.set_ibeacon_major(ibeacon_major))
+        cg.add_optional(var.set_ibeacon_major, config.get(CONF_IBEACON_MAJOR))
 
-        if (ibeacon_minor := config.get(CONF_IBEACON_MINOR)) is not None:
-            cg.add(var.set_ibeacon_minor(ibeacon_minor))
+        cg.add_optional(var.set_ibeacon_minor, config.get(CONF_IBEACON_MINOR))

esphome/components/bluetooth_proxy/__init__.py

@@ -94,24 +94,14 @@ def _esp32_config_schema() -> cv.All:
     CONNECTION_SCHEMA = bluetooth_connection.hub_connection_schema(PLATFORM_ESP32)
 
     def validate_connections(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
-        if CONF_CONNECTIONS in config:
-            if not config[CONF_ACTIVE]:
-                raise cv.Invalid(
-                    "Connections can only be used if the proxy is set to active"
-                )
-        elif config[CONF_ACTIVE]:
-            connection_slots: int = config[CONF_CONNECTION_SLOTS]
-            esp32_ble.consume_connection_slots(connection_slots, "bluetooth_proxy")(
-                config
-            )
-
-            return {
-                **config,
-                CONF_CONNECTIONS: [
-                    CONNECTION_SCHEMA({}) for _ in range(connection_slots)
-                ],
-            }
-        return config
+        if CONF_CONNECTIONS in config or not config[CONF_ACTIVE]:
+            return config
+        connection_slots: int = config[CONF_CONNECTION_SLOTS]
+        esp32_ble.consume_connection_slots(connection_slots, "bluetooth_proxy")(config)
+        return {
+            **config,
+            CONF_CONNECTIONS: [CONNECTION_SCHEMA({}) for _ in range(connection_slots)],
+        }
 
     return cv.All(
         (
@@ -136,6 +126,7 @@ def _esp32_config_schema() -> cv.All:
             .extend(esp32_ble_tracker.ESP_BLE_DEVICE_SCHEMA)
             .extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
         ),
+        cv.only_when(CONF_CONNECTIONS, CONF_ACTIVE, True),
         validate_connections,
     )
 

esphome/components/bme680_bsec/bme680_bsec.cpp

@@ -139,12 +139,12 @@ void BME680BSECComponent::update_subscription_() {
   uint8_t num_sensor_settings = BSEC_MAX_PHYSICAL_SENSOR;
   this->bsec_status_ =
       bsec_update_subscription(virtual_sensors, num_virtual_sensors, sensor_settings, &num_sensor_settings);
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: updating subscription for %d virtual sensors (out=%d sensors)", this->device_id_.c_str(),
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: updating subscription for %d virtual sensors (out=%d sensors)", this->device_id_,
            num_virtual_sensors, num_sensor_settings);
 }
 
 void BME680BSECComponent::dump_config() {
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s via BSEC:", this->device_id_.c_str());
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s via BSEC:", this->device_id_);
 
   bsec_version_t version;
   bsec_get_version(&version);
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ void BME680BSECComponent::run_() {
     return;
   }
 
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: Performing sensor run", this->device_id_.c_str());
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: Performing sensor run", this->device_id_);
 
   // Restore BSEC library state
   // The reinit_bsec_lib_ method is computationally expensive: it takes 1200÷2900 microseconds on a ESP32.
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ void BME680BSECComponent::run_() {
 }
 
 void BME680BSECComponent::read_() {
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: Reading data", this->device_id_.c_str());
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: Reading data", this->device_id_);
   int64_t curr_time_ns = this->get_time_ns_();
 
   if (this->bme680_settings_.trigger_measurement) {
@@ -365,8 +365,7 @@ void BME680BSECComponent::read_() {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "BSEC failed to process signals (BSEC Error Code %d)", this->bsec_status_);
     return;
   }
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: after bsec_do_steps: num_inputs=%d num_outputs=%d", this->device_id_.c_str(), num_inputs,
-           num_outputs);
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: after bsec_do_steps: num_inputs=%d num_outputs=%d", this->device_id_, num_inputs, num_outputs);
 
   // Since we are about to go "out of scope" in the loop, take a snapshot of the state now so we can restore it later
   if (BME680BSECComponent::instances.size() > 1)
@@ -381,7 +380,7 @@ void BME680BSECComponent::read_() {
 }
 
 void BME680BSECComponent::publish_(const bsec_output_t *outputs, uint8_t num_outputs) {
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: Queuing sensor state publish actions", this->device_id_.c_str());
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: Queuing sensor state publish actions", this->device_id_);
   for (uint8_t i = 0; i < num_outputs; i++) {
     float signal = outputs[i].signal;
     switch (outputs[i].sensor_id) {
@@ -471,7 +470,7 @@ void BME680BSECComponent::snapshot_state_() {
   this->bsec_status_ = bsec_get_state(0, this->bsec_state_data_, BSEC_MAX_STATE_BLOB_SIZE, this->work_buffer_,
                                       sizeof(this->work_buffer_), &num_serialized_state);
   if (this->bsec_status_ != BSEC_OK) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Failed to fetch BSEC library state for snapshot (BSEC Error Code %d)", this->device_id_.c_str(),
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Failed to fetch BSEC library state for snapshot (BSEC Error Code %d)", this->device_id_,
              this->bsec_status_);
     return;
   }
@@ -482,7 +481,7 @@ void BME680BSECComponent::snapshot_state_() {
 // Used to share the library when using more than one sensor
 void BME680BSECComponent::restore_state_() {
   if (!this->bsec_state_data_valid_) {
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: BSEC state data NOT valid, aborting restore_state_()", this->device_id_.c_str());
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: BSEC state data NOT valid, aborting restore_state_()", this->device_id_);
     return;
   }
 
@@ -527,17 +526,16 @@ void BME680BSECComponent::load_state_() {
     return;
   }
 
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: Loading BSEC library state", this->device_id_.c_str());
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: Loading BSEC library state", this->device_id_);
   this->bsec_status_ =
       bsec_set_state(this->bsec_state_data_, BSEC_MAX_STATE_BLOB_SIZE, this->work_buffer_, sizeof(this->work_buffer_));
   if (this->bsec_status_ != BSEC_OK) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Failed to load BSEC library state (BSEC Error Code %d)", this->device_id_.c_str(),
-             this->bsec_status_);
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Failed to load BSEC library state (BSEC Error Code %d)", this->device_id_, this->bsec_status_);
     return;
   }
   // All OK: set the BSEC state data as valid
   this->bsec_state_data_valid_ = true;
-  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "%s: Loaded BSEC library state", this->device_id_.c_str());
+  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "%s: Loaded BSEC library state", this->device_id_);
 }
 
 void BME680BSECComponent::save_state_(uint8_t accuracy) {
@@ -552,7 +550,7 @@ void BME680BSECComponent::save_state_(uint8_t accuracy) {
   if (!this->bsec_state_data_valid_)
     return;
 
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: Saving state", this->device_id_.c_str());
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "%s: Saving state", this->device_id_);
 
   if (!this->bsec_state_.save(&this->bsec_state_data_)) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Failed to save state");

esphome/components/bme680_bsec/bme680_bsec.h

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ enum SampleRate {
 
 class BME680BSECComponent final : public Component, public i2c::I2CDevice {
  public:
-  void set_device_id(const std::string &devid) { this->device_id_.assign(devid); }
+  void set_device_id(const char *devid) { this->device_id_ = devid; }
   void set_temperature_offset(float offset) { this->temperature_offset_ = offset; }
   void set_iaq_mode(IAQMode iaq_mode) { this->iaq_mode_ = iaq_mode; }
   void set_state_save_interval(uint32_t interval) { this->state_save_interval_ms_ = interval; }
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ class BME680BSECComponent final : public Component, public i2c::I2CDevice {
   uint32_t last_state_save_ms_ = 0;
   bsec_bme_settings_t bme680_settings_;
 
-  std::string device_id_;
+  const char *device_id_{nullptr};
   float temperature_offset_{0};
   IAQMode iaq_mode_{IAQ_MODE_STATIC};
   SupplyVoltage supply_voltage_;

esphome/components/button/button.cpp

@@ -7,11 +7,9 @@ ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "button");
 
 // Function implementation of LOG_BUTTON macro to reduce code size
 void log_button(const char *tag, const char *prefix, const char *type, Button *obj) {
-  if (obj == nullptr) {
+  if (!log_entity_header(tag, prefix, type, obj)) {
     return;
   }
-
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "%s%s '%s'", prefix, type, obj->get_name().c_str());
   LOG_ENTITY_ICON(tag, prefix, *obj);
 }
 

esphome/components/ccs811/sensor.py

@@ -69,8 +69,7 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     text_sensors = text_sensor.sub_text_sensors(config)
     await text_sensors(CONF_VERSION, var.set_version)
 
-    if (baseline := config.get(CONF_BASELINE)) is not None:
-        cg.add(var.set_baseline(baseline))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_baseline, config.get(CONF_BASELINE))
 
     await cg.add_variable(var.set_temperature, config.get(CONF_TEMPERATURE))
     await cg.add_variable(var.set_humidity, config.get(CONF_HUMIDITY))

esphome/components/climate/climate.h

@@ -12,10 +12,7 @@
 
 namespace esphome::climate {
 
-#define LOG_CLIMATE(prefix, type, obj) \
-  if ((obj) != nullptr) { \
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s%s '%s'", prefix, LOG_STR_LITERAL(type), (obj)->get_name().c_str()); \
-  }
+#define LOG_CLIMATE(prefix, type, obj) log_entity_header(TAG, prefix, LOG_STR_LITERAL(type), (obj))
 
 class Climate;
 

esphome/components/const/__init__.py

@@ -11,9 +11,11 @@ CONF_ACCELEROMETER_RANGE = "accelerometer_range"
 CONF_ADC_AVERAGING = "adc_averaging"
 CONF_ADC_TIME = "adc_time"
 CONF_ALLOWED_IPS = "allowed_ips"
+CONF_ANNOUNCEMENT_VOLUME = "announcement_volume"
 CONF_AQI = "aqi"
 CONF_AUTOMATIC_BASELINE_CALIBRATION = "automatic_baseline_calibration"
 CONF_B_CONSTANT = "b_constant"
+CONF_BITRATE = "bitrate"
 CONF_BLUE_CHANNEL = "blue_channel"
 CONF_BORDER_ROUTER = "border_router"
 CONF_BREATH_VOC_EQUIVALENT = "breath_voc_equivalent"
@@ -33,6 +35,7 @@ CONF_DRAW_ROUNDING = "draw_rounding"
 CONF_DRIVE_STRENGTH = "drive_strength"
 CONF_ENABLE_OTA_DOWNGRADE_PROTECTION = "enable_ota_downgrade_protection"
 CONF_ENABLED = "enabled"
+CONF_ERROR_CODE = "error_code"
 CONF_GREEN_CHANNEL = "green_channel"
 CONF_GYROSCOPE_ODR = "gyroscope_odr"
 CONF_GYROSCOPE_RANGE = "gyroscope_range"
@@ -48,6 +51,7 @@ CONF_LIBRETINY = "libretiny"
 CONF_LOOP = "loop"
 CONF_MANUFACTURER = "manufacturer"
 CONF_MAX_PACKET_SIZE = "max_packet_size"
+CONF_MODULATION = "modulation"
 CONF_NOX_INDEX = "nox_index"
 CONF_ON_PACKET = "on_packet"
 CONF_ON_RECEIVE = "on_receive"
@@ -65,6 +69,7 @@ CONF_REMOTE_ID = "remote_id"
 CONF_REQUEST_HEADERS = "request_headers"
 CONF_ROLE = "role"
 CONF_ROWS = "rows"
+CONF_RST_PIN = "rst_pin"
 CONF_SCAN_PARAMETERS = "scan_parameters"
 CONF_SERIAL_NUMBER = "serial_number"
 CONF_SHA256 = "sha256"

esphome/components/cover/cover.h

@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@ static constexpr float COVER_OPEN = 1.0f;
 static constexpr float COVER_CLOSED = 0.0f;
 
 #define LOG_COVER(prefix, type, obj) \
-  if ((obj) != nullptr) { \
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s%s '%s'", prefix, LOG_STR_LITERAL(type), (obj)->get_name().c_str()); \
+  if (log_entity_header(TAG, prefix, LOG_STR_LITERAL(type), (obj))) { \
     auto traits_ = (obj)->get_traits(); \
     if (traits_.get_is_assumed_state()) { \
       ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s  Assumed State: YES", prefix); \

esphome/components/current_based/cover.py

@@ -117,8 +117,7 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     )
 
     cg.add(var.set_obstacle_rollback(config[CONF_OBSTACLE_ROLLBACK]))
-    if (max_duration := config.get(CONF_MAX_DURATION)) is not None:
-        cg.add(var.set_max_duration(max_duration))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_max_duration, config.get(CONF_MAX_DURATION))
     cg.add(var.set_malfunction_detection(config[CONF_MALFUNCTION_DETECTION]))
     if malfunction_action := config.get(CONF_MALFUNCTION_ACTION):
         await automation.build_automation(

esphome/components/daikin/daikin.cpp

@@ -9,6 +9,14 @@ ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "daikin.climate");
 
 static constexpr uint32_t BOOST_TIMEOUT_ID = 0;
 
+static constexpr uint8_t DAIKIN_HEADER_BYTE0 = 0x11;
+static constexpr uint8_t DAIKIN_HEADER_BYTE1 = 0xDA;
+static constexpr uint8_t DAIKIN_HEADER_BYTE2 = 0x27;
+static constexpr uint8_t DAIKIN_HEADER_BYTE3 = 0x00;
+static constexpr uint8_t DAIKIN_FRAME_TYPE_INDEX = 4;
+static constexpr uint8_t DAIKIN_FRAME_HEADER_SIZE = DAIKIN_FRAME_TYPE_INDEX + 1;
+static constexpr uint8_t DAIKIN_STATE_FRAME_OFFSET = 2 * DAIKIN_COMFORT_FRAME_SIZE;
+
 void DaikinClimate::setup() {
   climate_ir::ClimateIR::setup();
   // A boost preset restored from flash gets its timer too
@@ -42,37 +50,19 @@ void DaikinClimate::transmit_state() {
 
   data->mark(DAIKIN_HEADER_MARK);
   data->space(DAIKIN_HEADER_SPACE);
-  for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
-    for (uint8_t mask = 1; mask > 0; mask <<= 1) {  // iterate through bit mask
-      data->mark(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK);
-      bool bit = remote_state[i] & mask;
-      data->space(bit ? DAIKIN_ONE_SPACE : DAIKIN_ZERO_SPACE);
-    }
-  }
+  data->item_bytes<DAIKIN_BIT_TIMINGS>(remote_state, DAIKIN_COMFORT_FRAME_SIZE);
   data->mark(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK);
   data->space(DAIKIN_MESSAGE_SPACE);
   data->mark(DAIKIN_HEADER_MARK);
   data->space(DAIKIN_HEADER_SPACE);
 
-  for (int i = 8; i < 16; i++) {
-    for (uint8_t mask = 1; mask > 0; mask <<= 1) {  // iterate through bit mask
-      data->mark(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK);
-      bool bit = remote_state[i] & mask;
-      data->space(bit ? DAIKIN_ONE_SPACE : DAIKIN_ZERO_SPACE);
-    }
-  }
+  data->item_bytes<DAIKIN_BIT_TIMINGS>(remote_state + DAIKIN_COMFORT_FRAME_SIZE, DAIKIN_COMFORT_FRAME_SIZE);
   data->mark(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK);
   data->space(DAIKIN_MESSAGE_SPACE);
   data->mark(DAIKIN_HEADER_MARK);
   data->space(DAIKIN_HEADER_SPACE);
 
-  for (int i = 16; i < 35; i++) {
-    for (uint8_t mask = 1; mask > 0; mask <<= 1) {  // iterate through bit mask
-      data->mark(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK);
-      bool bit = remote_state[i] & mask;
-      data->space(bit ? DAIKIN_ONE_SPACE : DAIKIN_ZERO_SPACE);
-    }
-  }
+  data->item_bytes<DAIKIN_BIT_TIMINGS>(remote_state + DAIKIN_STATE_FRAME_OFFSET, DAIKIN_STATE_FRAME_SIZE);
   data->mark(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK);
   data->space(0);
 
@@ -284,46 +274,24 @@ bool DaikinClimate::parse_state_frame_(const uint8_t frame[]) {
 }
 
 bool DaikinClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
-  uint8_t frame[DAIKIN_STATE_FRAME_SIZE] = {};
+  uint8_t frame[DAIKIN_STATE_FRAME_SIZE];
   if (!data.expect_item(DAIKIN_HEADER_MARK, DAIKIN_HEADER_SPACE)) {
     return false;
   }
 
+  // Frame header, then the frame type that sets the frame size
+  if (!data.expect_bytes<DAIKIN_BIT_TIMINGS>(frame, DAIKIN_FRAME_HEADER_SIZE) || frame[0] != DAIKIN_HEADER_BYTE0 ||
+      frame[1] != DAIKIN_HEADER_BYTE1 || frame[2] != DAIKIN_HEADER_BYTE2 || frame[3] != DAIKIN_HEADER_BYTE3) {
+    return false;
+  }
   uint8_t frame_size = DAIKIN_STATE_FRAME_SIZE;
-  for (uint8_t pos = 0; pos < frame_size; pos++) {
-    uint8_t byte = 0;
-    for (int8_t bit = 0; bit < 8; bit++) {
-      if (data.expect_item(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK, DAIKIN_ONE_SPACE)) {
-        byte |= 1 << bit;
-      } else if (!data.expect_item(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK, DAIKIN_ZERO_SPACE)) {
-        return false;
-      }
-    }
-    frame[pos] = byte;
-    if (pos == 0) {
-      // frame header
-      if (byte != 0x11)
-        return false;
-    } else if (pos == 1) {
-      // frame header
-      if (byte != 0xDA)
-        return false;
-    } else if (pos == 2) {
-      // frame header
-      if (byte != 0x27)
-        return false;
-    } else if (pos == 3) {  // NOLINT(bugprone-branch-clone)
-      // frame header
-      if (byte != 0x00)
-        return false;
-    } else if (pos == 4) {
-      // frame type
-      if (byte == DAIKIN_FRAME_TYPE_COMFORT) {
-        frame_size = DAIKIN_COMFORT_FRAME_SIZE;
-      } else if (byte != DAIKIN_FRAME_TYPE_STATE) {
-        return false;
-      }
-    }
+  if (frame[DAIKIN_FRAME_TYPE_INDEX] == DAIKIN_FRAME_TYPE_COMFORT) {
+    frame_size = DAIKIN_COMFORT_FRAME_SIZE;
+  } else if (frame[DAIKIN_FRAME_TYPE_INDEX] != DAIKIN_FRAME_TYPE_STATE) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!data.expect_bytes<DAIKIN_BIT_TIMINGS>(frame + DAIKIN_FRAME_HEADER_SIZE, frame_size - DAIKIN_FRAME_HEADER_SIZE)) {
+    return false;
   }
   if (frame[frame_size - 1] != sum_bytes(frame, frame_size - 1)) {
     return false;

esphome/components/daikin/daikin.h

@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ const uint32_t DAIKIN_HEADER_SPACE = 1760;
 const uint32_t DAIKIN_BIT_MARK = 520;
 const uint32_t DAIKIN_ONE_SPACE = 1370;
 const uint32_t DAIKIN_ZERO_SPACE = 360;
+static constexpr remote_base::BitTimings DAIKIN_BIT_TIMINGS{
+    .bit_mark = DAIKIN_BIT_MARK, .one_space = DAIKIN_ONE_SPACE, .zero_space = DAIKIN_ZERO_SPACE};
 const uint32_t DAIKIN_MESSAGE_SPACE = 32300;
 
 // Frame types (byte 4) and sizes

esphome/components/daikin_arc/daikin_arc.cpp

@@ -39,13 +39,7 @@ void DaikinArcClimate::transmit_query_() {
   data->mark(DAIKIN_HEADER_MARK);
   data->space(DAIKIN_HEADER_SPACE);
 
-  for (uint8_t i : remote_header) {
-    for (uint8_t mask = 1; mask > 0; mask <<= 1) {  // iterate through bit mask
-      data->mark(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK);
-      bool bit = i & mask;
-      data->space(bit ? DAIKIN_ONE_SPACE : DAIKIN_ZERO_SPACE);
-    }
-  }
+  data->item_bytes<DAIKIN_BIT_TIMINGS>(remote_header, sizeof(remote_header));
   data->mark(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK);
   data->space(0);
 
@@ -119,26 +113,14 @@ void DaikinArcClimate::transmit_state() {
   data->mark(DAIKIN_HEADER_MARK);
   data->space(DAIKIN_HEADER_SPACE);
 
-  for (uint8_t i : remote_header) {
-    for (uint8_t mask = 1; mask > 0; mask <<= 1) {  // iterate through bit mask
-      data->mark(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK);
-      bool bit = i & mask;
-      data->space(bit ? DAIKIN_ONE_SPACE : DAIKIN_ZERO_SPACE);
-    }
-  }
+  data->item_bytes<DAIKIN_BIT_TIMINGS>(remote_header, sizeof(remote_header));
   data->mark(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK);
   data->space(DAIKIN_MESSAGE_SPACE);
 
   data->mark(DAIKIN_HEADER_MARK);
   data->space(DAIKIN_HEADER_SPACE);
 
-  for (uint8_t i : remote_state) {
-    for (uint8_t mask = 1; mask > 0; mask <<= 1) {  // iterate through bit mask
-      data->mark(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK);
-      bool bit = i & mask;
-      data->space(bit ? DAIKIN_ONE_SPACE : DAIKIN_ZERO_SPACE);
-    }
-  }
+  data->item_bytes<DAIKIN_BIT_TIMINGS>(remote_state, sizeof(remote_state));
   data->mark(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK);
   data->space(0);
 
@@ -339,7 +321,7 @@ bool DaikinArcClimate::parse_state_frame_(const uint8_t frame[]) {
 }
 
 bool DaikinArcClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
-  uint8_t state_frame[DAIKIN_STATE_FRAME_SIZE] = {};
+  uint8_t state_frame[DAIKIN_STATE_FRAME_SIZE];
 
   bool valid_daikin_frame = false;
   if (data.expect_item(DAIKIN_HEADER_MARK, DAIKIN_HEADER_SPACE)) {
@@ -418,16 +400,11 @@ bool DaikinArcClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
   }
 
   for (uint8_t pos = 0; pos < DAIKIN_STATE_FRAME_SIZE; pos++) {
-    uint8_t byte = 0;
-    for (int8_t bit = 0; bit < 8; bit++) {
-      if (data.expect_item(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK, DAIKIN_ONE_SPACE)) {
-        byte |= 1 << bit;
-      } else if (!data.expect_item(DAIKIN_BIT_MARK, DAIKIN_ZERO_SPACE)) {
-        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "non daikin_arc expect item pos: %d", pos);
-        return false;
-      }
+    if (!data.expect_bytes<DAIKIN_BIT_TIMINGS>(&state_frame[pos], 1)) {
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "non daikin_arc expect item pos: %d", pos);
+      return false;
     }
-    state_frame[pos] = byte;
+    const uint8_t byte = state_frame[pos];
     if (pos == 0) {
       // frame header
       if (byte != 0x11) {

esphome/components/daikin_arc/daikin_arc.h

@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ const uint32_t DAIKIN_HEADER_SPACE = 1760;
 const uint32_t DAIKIN_BIT_MARK = 400;
 const uint32_t DAIKIN_ONE_SPACE = 1300;
 const uint32_t DAIKIN_ZERO_SPACE = 480;
+static constexpr remote_base::BitTimings DAIKIN_BIT_TIMINGS{
+    .bit_mark = DAIKIN_BIT_MARK, .one_space = DAIKIN_ONE_SPACE, .zero_space = DAIKIN_ZERO_SPACE};
 const uint32_t DAIKIN_MESSAGE_SPACE = 35000;
 
 const uint8_t DAIKIN_DBG_TOLERANCE = 25;

esphome/components/daikin_brc/daikin_brc.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,12 @@ namespace esphome::daikin_brc {
 
 ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "daikin_brc.climate");
 
+static constexpr uint8_t DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_BYTE0 = 0x11;
+static constexpr uint8_t DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_BYTE1 = 0xDA;
+static constexpr uint8_t DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_BYTE2 = 0x17;
+static constexpr uint8_t DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_BYTE3 = 0x18;
+static constexpr uint8_t DAIKIN_BRC_FRAME_TYPE_STATE = 0x00;
+
 void DaikinBrcClimate::control(const climate::ClimateCall &call) {
   this->mode_button_ = 0x00;
   if (call.get_mode().has_value()) {
@@ -42,25 +48,14 @@ void DaikinBrcClimate::transmit_state() {
 
   data->mark(DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_MARK);
   data->space(DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_SPACE);
-  for (int i = 0; i < DAIKIN_BRC_PREAMBLE_SIZE; i++) {
-    for (uint8_t mask = 1; mask > 0; mask <<= 1) {  // iterate through bit mask
-      data->mark(DAIKIN_BRC_BIT_MARK);
-      bool bit = remote_state[i] & mask;
-      data->space(bit ? DAIKIN_BRC_ONE_SPACE : DAIKIN_BRC_ZERO_SPACE);
-    }
-  }
+  data->item_bytes<DAIKIN_BRC_BIT_TIMINGS>(remote_state, DAIKIN_BRC_PREAMBLE_SIZE);
   data->mark(DAIKIN_BRC_BIT_MARK);
   data->space(DAIKIN_BRC_MESSAGE_SPACE);
   data->mark(DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_MARK);
   data->space(DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_SPACE);
 
-  for (int i = DAIKIN_BRC_PREAMBLE_SIZE; i < DAIKIN_BRC_TRANSMIT_FRAME_SIZE; i++) {
-    for (uint8_t mask = 1; mask > 0; mask <<= 1) {  // iterate through bit mask
-      data->mark(DAIKIN_BRC_BIT_MARK);
-      bool bit = remote_state[i] & mask;
-      data->space(bit ? DAIKIN_BRC_ONE_SPACE : DAIKIN_BRC_ZERO_SPACE);
-    }
-  }
+  data->item_bytes<DAIKIN_BRC_BIT_TIMINGS>(remote_state + DAIKIN_BRC_PREAMBLE_SIZE,
+                                           DAIKIN_BRC_TRANSMIT_FRAME_SIZE - DAIKIN_BRC_PREAMBLE_SIZE);
 
   data->mark(DAIKIN_BRC_BIT_MARK);
   data->space(0);
@@ -232,41 +227,16 @@ bool DaikinBrcClimate::parse_state_frame_(const uint8_t frame[]) {
 }
 
 bool DaikinBrcClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
-  uint8_t state_frame[DAIKIN_BRC_STATE_FRAME_SIZE] = {};
+  uint8_t state_frame[DAIKIN_BRC_STATE_FRAME_SIZE];
   if (!data.expect_item(DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_MARK, DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_SPACE)) {
     return false;
   }
-  for (uint8_t pos = 0; pos < DAIKIN_BRC_STATE_FRAME_SIZE; pos++) {
-    uint8_t byte = 0;
-    for (int8_t bit = 0; bit < 8; bit++) {
-      if (data.expect_item(DAIKIN_BRC_BIT_MARK, DAIKIN_BRC_ONE_SPACE)) {
-        byte |= 1 << bit;
-      } else if (!data.expect_item(DAIKIN_BRC_BIT_MARK, DAIKIN_BRC_ZERO_SPACE)) {
-        return false;
-      }
-    }
-    state_frame[pos] = byte;
-    if (pos == 0) {
-      // frame header
-      if (byte != 0x11)
-        return false;
-    } else if (pos == 1) {
-      // frame header
-      if (byte != 0xDA)
-        return false;
-    } else if (pos == 2) {
-      // frame header
-      if (byte != 0x17)
-        return false;
-    } else if (pos == 3) {
-      // frame header, with this unit's address in the low 3 bits
-      if (byte != (0x18 | this->sub_unit_))
-        return false;
-    } else if (pos == 4) {
-      // frame type
-      if (byte != 0x00)
-        return false;
-    }
+  // Frame header, with this unit's address in the low 3 bits of byte 3, then the frame type
+  if (!data.expect_bytes<DAIKIN_BRC_BIT_TIMINGS>(state_frame, DAIKIN_BRC_STATE_FRAME_SIZE) ||
+      state_frame[0] != DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_BYTE0 || state_frame[1] != DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_BYTE1 ||
+      state_frame[2] != DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_BYTE2 || state_frame[3] != (DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_BYTE3 | this->sub_unit_) ||
+      state_frame[4] != DAIKIN_BRC_FRAME_TYPE_STATE) {
+    return false;
   }
   return this->parse_state_frame_(state_frame);
 }

esphome/components/daikin_brc/daikin_brc.h

@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ const uint32_t DAIKIN_BRC_IR_FREQUENCY = 38000;
 const uint32_t DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_MARK = 5070;
 const uint32_t DAIKIN_BRC_HEADER_SPACE = 2140;
 const uint32_t DAIKIN_BRC_BIT_MARK = 370;
-const uint32_t DAIKIN_BRC_ONE_SPACE = 1780;
-const uint32_t DAIKIN_BRC_ZERO_SPACE = 710;
+static constexpr remote_base::BitTimings DAIKIN_BRC_BIT_TIMINGS{
+    .bit_mark = DAIKIN_BRC_BIT_MARK, .one_space = 1780, .zero_space = 710};
 const uint32_t DAIKIN_BRC_MESSAGE_SPACE = 29410;
 
 const uint8_t DAIKIN_BRC_IR_DRY_FAN_TEMP_F = 72;            // Dry/Fan mode is always 17 Celsius.

esphome/components/datetime/date_entity.h

@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@
 namespace esphome::datetime {
 
 #define LOG_DATETIME_DATE(prefix, type, obj) \
-  if ((obj) != nullptr) { \
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s%s '%s'", prefix, LOG_STR_LITERAL(type), (obj)->get_name().c_str()); \
+  if (log_entity_header(TAG, prefix, LOG_STR_LITERAL(type), (obj))) { \
     LOG_ENTITY_ICON(TAG, prefix, *(obj)); \
   }
 

esphome/components/datetime/datetime_entity.h

@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@
 namespace esphome::datetime {
 
 #define LOG_DATETIME_DATETIME(prefix, type, obj) \
-  if ((obj) != nullptr) { \
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s%s '%s'", prefix, LOG_STR_LITERAL(type), (obj)->get_name().c_str()); \
+  if (log_entity_header(TAG, prefix, LOG_STR_LITERAL(type), (obj))) { \
     LOG_ENTITY_ICON(TAG, prefix, *(obj)); \
   }
 

esphome/components/datetime/time_entity.h

@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@
 namespace esphome::datetime {
 
 #define LOG_DATETIME_TIME(prefix, type, obj) \
-  if ((obj) != nullptr) { \
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s%s '%s'", prefix, LOG_STR_LITERAL(type), (obj)->get_name().c_str()); \
+  if (log_entity_header(TAG, prefix, LOG_STR_LITERAL(type), (obj))) { \
     LOG_ENTITY_ICON(TAG, prefix, *(obj)); \
   }
 

esphome/components/deep_sleep/__init__.py

@@ -164,10 +164,6 @@ _WAKEUP_PIN_MODE_BOTH_LEVELS = (
 def validate_config(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
     wakeup_pins = config.get(CONF_WAKEUP_PIN)
     has_pin_mode = CONF_WAKEUP_PIN_MODE in config
-    if has_pin_mode and wakeup_pins is None:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            "'wakeup_pin_mode' requires 'wakeup_pin'", path=[CONF_WAKEUP_PIN_MODE]
-        )
     multiple_pins = wakeup_pins is not None and len(wakeup_pins) > 1
     # wakeup_pin is limited to ESP32 and BK72XX, and only BK72XX accepts a list
     if not CORE.is_bk72xx:
@@ -356,6 +352,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
         }
     ).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA),
     cv.only_on([PLATFORM_ESP32, PLATFORM_ESP8266, PLATFORM_BK72XX, PLATFORM_NRF52]),
+    cv.key_requires(CONF_WAKEUP_PIN_MODE, CONF_WAKEUP_PIN),
     validate_config,
 )
 
@@ -364,8 +361,7 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await cg.register_component(var, config)
 
-    if CONF_SLEEP_DURATION in config:
-        cg.add(var.set_sleep_duration(config[CONF_SLEEP_DURATION]))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_sleep_duration, config.get(CONF_SLEEP_DURATION))
     if (wakeup_pins := config.get(CONF_WAKEUP_PIN)) is not None:
         if CORE.is_bk72xx:
             cg.add(var.init_wakeup_pins(len(wakeup_pins)))
@@ -380,8 +376,7 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
                 )
         else:
             await cg.add_pin(var.set_wakeup_pin, wakeup_pins[0][CONF_PIN])
-    if CONF_WAKEUP_PIN_MODE in config:
-        cg.add(var.set_wakeup_pin_mode(config[CONF_WAKEUP_PIN_MODE]))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_wakeup_pin_mode, config.get(CONF_WAKEUP_PIN_MODE))
     if CONF_RUN_DURATION in config:
         run_duration_config = config[CONF_RUN_DURATION]
         if not isinstance(run_duration_config, dict):
@@ -427,8 +422,7 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
         await automation.build_automation(trigger, [(WakeupCause, "cause")], wake_conf)
         cg.add_define("USE_DEEP_SLEEP_ON_WAKE")
 
-    if CONF_TOUCH_WAKEUP in config:
-        cg.add(var.set_touch_wakeup(config[CONF_TOUCH_WAKEUP]))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_touch_wakeup, config.get(CONF_TOUCH_WAKEUP))
     if CORE.using_zephyr:
         # Devices are suspended when CPU is entering a low power state
         # https://github.com/nrfconnect/sdk-zephyr/blob/v3.7.99-ncs2-2/doc/services/pm/device.rst#system-managed-device-power-management

esphome/components/delonghi/delonghi.cpp

@@ -23,13 +23,7 @@ void DelonghiClimate::transmit_state() {
 
   data->mark(DELONGHI_HEADER_MARK);
   data->space(DELONGHI_HEADER_SPACE);
-  for (unsigned char b : remote_state) {
-    for (uint8_t mask = 1; mask > 0; mask <<= 1) {  // iterate through bit mask
-      data->mark(DELONGHI_BIT_MARK);
-      bool bit = b & mask;
-      data->space(bit ? DELONGHI_ONE_SPACE : DELONGHI_ZERO_SPACE);
-    }
-  }
+  data->item_bytes<DELONGHI_BIT_TIMINGS>(remote_state, DELONGHI_STATE_FRAME_SIZE);
   data->mark(DELONGHI_BIT_MARK);
   data->space(0);
 
@@ -155,27 +149,13 @@ bool DelonghiClimate::parse_state_frame_(const uint8_t frame[]) {
 }
 
 bool DelonghiClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
-  uint8_t state_frame[DELONGHI_STATE_FRAME_SIZE] = {};
+  uint8_t state_frame[DELONGHI_STATE_FRAME_SIZE];
   if (!data.expect_item(DELONGHI_HEADER_MARK, DELONGHI_HEADER_SPACE)) {
     return false;
   }
-  for (uint8_t pos = 0; pos < DELONGHI_STATE_FRAME_SIZE; pos++) {
-    uint8_t byte = 0;
-    for (int8_t bit = 0; bit < 8; bit++) {
-      if (data.expect_item(DELONGHI_BIT_MARK, DELONGHI_ONE_SPACE)) {
-        byte |= 1 << bit;
-      } else if (!data.expect_item(DELONGHI_BIT_MARK, DELONGHI_ZERO_SPACE)) {
-        return false;
-      }
-    }
-    state_frame[pos] = byte;
-    if (pos == 0) {
-      // frame header
-      if (byte != DELONGHI_ADDRESS) {
-        return false;
-      }
-    }
-  }
+  if (!data.expect_bytes<DELONGHI_BIT_TIMINGS>(state_frame, DELONGHI_STATE_FRAME_SIZE) ||
+      state_frame[0] != DELONGHI_ADDRESS)
+    return false;
   return this->parse_state_frame_(state_frame);
 }
 

esphome/components/delonghi/delonghi.h

@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ const uint32_t DELONGHI_IR_FREQUENCY = 38000;
 const uint32_t DELONGHI_HEADER_MARK = 9000;
 const uint32_t DELONGHI_HEADER_SPACE = 4500;
 const uint32_t DELONGHI_BIT_MARK = 465;
-const uint32_t DELONGHI_ONE_SPACE = 1750;
-const uint32_t DELONGHI_ZERO_SPACE = 670;
+static constexpr remote_base::BitTimings DELONGHI_BIT_TIMINGS{
+    .bit_mark = DELONGHI_BIT_MARK, .one_space = 1750, .zero_space = 670};
 
 // State Frame size
 const uint8_t DELONGHI_STATE_FRAME_SIZE = 8;

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0609/select/__init__.py

@@ -5,15 +5,13 @@ import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_ID, ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG, ICON_SCALE
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_DFROBOT_SEN0609_ID, DFRobotSEN0609Component, dfrobot_sen0609_ns
-
-OutPinLevelSelect = dfrobot_sen0609_ns.class_("OutPinLevelSelect", select.Select)
+from .. import CONF_DFROBOT_SEN0609_ID, DFRobotSEN0609Component
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.EntityBase),
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_DFROBOT_SEN0609_ID): cv.use_id(DFRobotSEN0609Component),
     cv.Optional(CONF_OUT_PIN_LEVEL): select.select_schema(
-        OutPinLevelSelect,
+        select.ApplySelect,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         icon=ICON_SCALE,
     ),
@@ -25,5 +23,8 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     selects = select.sub_selects(config, parent=hub)
     # The level the OUT pin has while a target is present; the index is the module's value
     await selects(
-        CONF_OUT_PIN_LEVEL, hub.set_out_pin_level_select, options=["low", "high"]
+        CONF_OUT_PIN_LEVEL,
+        hub.set_out_pin_level_select,
+        options=["low", "high"],
+        apply="control_out_pin_level(index)",
     )

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0609/select/dfrobot_sen0609_select.h

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/components/select/select.h"
-#include "../dfrobot_sen0609.h"
-
-namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0609 {
-
-class OutPinLevelSelect final : public select::Select, public Parented<DFRobotSEN0609Component> {
- public:
-  // User provided, not "= default": `new(p) OutPinLevelSelect()` would zero-fill .bss that is already zero.
-  OutPinLevelSelect() {}
-
- protected:
-  void control(size_t index) override { this->parent_->control_out_pin_level(index); }
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0609

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0609/switch/__init__.py

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ from .. import (
     final_validate_mode,
 )
 
-DFRobotSEN0609Switch = dfrobot_sen0609_ns.class_("DFRobotSEN0609Switch", switch.Switch)
 SwitchSetting = dfrobot_sen0609_ns.enum("SwitchSetting")
 
 CONF_MICRO_MOTION = "micro_motion"
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ CONF_RUN_LED = "run_led"
 def _led() -> cv.Schema:
     # The module forgets the LED state at power off, so it is restored from here
     return switch.switch_schema(
-        DFRobotSEN0609Switch,
+        switch.ApplySwitch,
         default_restore_mode="RESTORE_DEFAULT_ON",
         device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_SWITCH,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.EntityBase),
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_DFROBOT_SEN0609_ID): cv.use_id(DFRobotSEN0609Component),
     cv.Optional(CONF_MICRO_MOTION): switch.switch_schema(
-        DFRobotSEN0609Switch,
+        switch.ApplySwitch,
         device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_SWITCH,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         icon=ICON_MOTION_SENSOR,
@@ -64,5 +63,7 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
         (CONF_OUT_LED, SwitchSetting.SWITCH_OUT_LED),
     ):
         await switches(
-            key, lambda s, setting=setting: hub.set_switch(setting, s), setting
+            key,
+            lambda s, setting=setting: hub.set_switch(setting, s),
+            apply=f"control_switch({setting}, state)",
         )

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0609/switch/dfrobot_sen0609_switch.h

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/components/switch/switch.h"
-#include "../dfrobot_sen0609.h"
-
-namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0609 {
-
-class DFRobotSEN0609Switch final : public switch_::Switch, public Parented<DFRobotSEN0609Component> {
- public:
-  explicit DFRobotSEN0609Switch(SwitchSetting setting) : setting_(setting) {}
-
- protected:
-  void write_state(bool state) override { this->parent_->control_switch(this->setting_, state); }
-
-  SwitchSetting setting_;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0609

esphome/components/display_menu_base/__init__.py

@@ -277,8 +277,7 @@ async def menu_item_to_code(menu, config, parent):
     if CONF_ITEMS in config:
         for c in config[CONF_ITEMS]:
             await menu_item_to_code(menu, c, item)
-    if CONF_IMMEDIATE_EDIT in config:
-        cg.add(item.set_immediate_edit(config[CONF_IMMEDIATE_EDIT]))
+    cg.add_optional(item.set_immediate_edit, config.get(CONF_IMMEDIATE_EDIT))
     if config[CONF_TYPE] == CONF_SELECT:
         await cg.add_variable(item.set_select_variable, config[CONF_SELECT])
     if config[CONF_TYPE] == CONF_NUMBER:

esphome/components/display_menu_base/menu_item.cpp

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ std::string MenuItemNumber::get_value_text() const {
     result = this->value_getter_.value()(this);
   } else {
     char data[32];
-    snprintf(data, sizeof(data), this->format_.c_str(), get_number_value_());
+    snprintf(data, sizeof(data), this->format_, get_number_value_());
     result = data;
   }
 

esphome/components/display_menu_base/menu_item.h

@@ -118,7 +118,8 @@ class MenuItemNumber final : public MenuItemEditable {
  public:
   explicit MenuItemNumber() : MenuItemEditable(MENU_ITEM_NUMBER) {}
   void set_number_variable(number::Number *var) { this->number_var_ = var; }
-  void set_format(const std::string &fmt) { this->format_ = fmt; }
+  // Keeps the pointer; the string must outlive the item (codegen passes a literal)
+  void set_format(const char *fmt) { this->format_ = fmt; }
 
   bool has_value() const override { return true; }
   std::string get_value_text() const override;
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ class MenuItemNumber final : public MenuItemEditable {
   float get_number_value_() const;
 
   number::Number *number_var_{nullptr};
-  std::string format_;
+  const char *format_{""};
 };
 #endif
 
@@ -139,8 +140,9 @@ class MenuItemSwitch final : public MenuItemEditable {
  public:
   explicit MenuItemSwitch() : MenuItemEditable(MENU_ITEM_SWITCH) {}
   void set_switch_variable(switch_::Switch *var) { this->switch_var_ = var; }
-  void set_on_text(const std::string &t) { this->switch_on_text_ = t; }
-  void set_off_text(const std::string &t) { this->switch_off_text_ = t; }
+  // Both keep the pointer; the strings must outlive the item (codegen passes literals)
+  void set_on_text(const char *t) { this->switch_on_text_ = t; }
+  void set_off_text(const char *t) { this->switch_off_text_ = t; }
 
   bool has_value() const override { return true; }
   std::string get_value_text() const override;
@@ -153,8 +155,8 @@ class MenuItemSwitch final : public MenuItemEditable {
   bool toggle_switch_();
 
   switch_::Switch *switch_var_{nullptr};
-  std::string switch_on_text_;
-  std::string switch_off_text_;
+  const char *switch_on_text_{""};
+  const char *switch_off_text_{""};
 };
 #endif
 

esphome/components/ds248x/__init__.py

@@ -91,20 +91,13 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     cg.add(var.set_active_pullup(config[CONF_ACTIVE_PULLUP]))
     cg.add(var.set_channel_count(get_channel_count(config)))
 
-    if CONF_BUS_SLEEP in config:
-        cg.add(var.set_bus_sleep(config[CONF_BUS_SLEEP]))
-    if CONF_HUB_SLEEP in config:
-        cg.add(var.set_hub_sleep(config[CONF_HUB_SLEEP]))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_bus_sleep, config.get(CONF_BUS_SLEEP))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_hub_sleep, config.get(CONF_HUB_SLEEP))
 
-    if CONF_RESET_LOW_TIME in config:
-        cg.add(var.set_val_trstl(config[CONF_RESET_LOW_TIME]))
-    if CONF_MASTER_SAMPLE_TIME in config:
-        cg.add(var.set_val_tmsp(config[CONF_MASTER_SAMPLE_TIME]))
-    if CONF_WRITE_0_LOW_TIME in config:
-        cg.add(var.set_val_tw0l(config[CONF_WRITE_0_LOW_TIME]))
-    if CONF_RECOVERY_TIME in config:
-        cg.add(var.set_val_trec0(config[CONF_RECOVERY_TIME]))
-    if CONF_ACTIVE_PULLUP_RESISTANCE in config:
-        cg.add(var.set_val_rwpu(config[CONF_ACTIVE_PULLUP_RESISTANCE]))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_val_trstl, config.get(CONF_RESET_LOW_TIME))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_val_tmsp, config.get(CONF_MASTER_SAMPLE_TIME))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_val_tw0l, config.get(CONF_WRITE_0_LOW_TIME))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_val_trec0, config.get(CONF_RECOVERY_TIME))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_val_rwpu, config.get(CONF_ACTIVE_PULLUP_RESISTANCE))
 
     await cg.add_pin(var.set_sleep_pin, config.get(CONF_SLEEP_PIN))

esphome/components/endstop/cover.py

@@ -55,5 +55,4 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
         var.get_close_trigger(), [], config[CONF_CLOSE_ACTION]
     )
 
-    if CONF_MAX_DURATION in config:
-        cg.add(var.set_max_duration(config[CONF_MAX_DURATION]))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_max_duration, config.get(CONF_MAX_DURATION))

esphome/components/epaper_spi/__init__.py

@@ -1,2 +1,39 @@
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from esphome.core import CORE
+
 CODEOWNERS = ["@esphome/core"]
 DOMAIN = "epaper_spi"
+
+# The source file that every model needs.
+BASE_SOURCE_FILE = "epaper_spi.cpp"
+
+
+@dataclass
+class EpaperSpiData:
+    needed_sources: set[str] = field(default_factory=set)
+
+
+def _get_data() -> EpaperSpiData:
+    if DOMAIN not in CORE.data:
+        CORE.data[DOMAIN] = EpaperSpiData()
+    return CORE.data[DOMAIN]
+
+
+def register_sources(sources: Iterable[str]) -> None:
+    """Record the source files that a configured model's C++ driver class needs."""
+    _get_data().needed_sources.update(sources)
+
+
+def FILTER_SOURCE_FILES() -> list[str]:  # noqa: N802
+    """Exclude the driver sources that no configured model needs."""
+    if not (needed := _get_data().needed_sources):
+        return []
+    keep = needed | {BASE_SOURCE_FILE}
+    return sorted(
+        path.name
+        for path in Path(__file__).parent.glob("*.cpp")
+        if path.name not in keep
+    )

esphome/components/epaper_spi/display.py

@@ -42,7 +42,11 @@ from esphome.const import (
 )
 from esphome.cpp_generator import RawExpression
 
-from . import models
+from . import (  # pylint: disable=unused-import
+    FILTER_SOURCE_FILES,  # noqa: F401
+    models,
+    register_sources,
+)
 
 AUTO_LOAD = ["split_buffer"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["spi"]
@@ -219,6 +223,7 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = _final_validate
 
 async def to_code(config):
     model = MODELS[config[CONF_MODEL]]
+    register_sources(model.source_files)
 
     init_sequence = config.get(CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE)
     if init_sequence is None:
@@ -252,8 +257,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
         enable = [await cg.gpio_pin_expression(pin) for pin in enable_pin]
         cg.add(var.set_enable_pins(enable))
     cg.add(var.set_full_update_every(config[CONF_FULL_UPDATE_EVERY]))
-    if CONF_RESET_DURATION in config:
-        cg.add(var.set_reset_duration(config[CONF_RESET_DURATION]))
+    cg.add_optional(var.set_reset_duration, config.get(CONF_RESET_DURATION))
     if transform := config.get(CONF_TRANSFORM):
         transform[CONF_SWAP_XY] = False
     else:

esphome/components/epaper_spi/models/__init__.py

@@ -18,17 +18,24 @@ class EpaperModel:
     # Whether the driver manages chip-select itself instead of via the SPI bus.
     manages_cs: bool = False
 
+    # The .cpp files this model's driver class needs: its own and those of every parent class
+    # except epaper_spi.cpp, which is always built. Subclasses override this next to their class_name.
+    source_files: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+
     def __init__(
         self,
         name: str,
         class_name: str,
         initsequence=(),
+        source_files: tuple[str, ...] | None = None,
         **defaults,
     ):
         name = name.upper()
         self.name = name
         self.class_name = class_name
         self.initsequence = initsequence
+        if source_files is not None:
+            self.source_files = source_files
         self.defaults = defaults
         EpaperModel.models[name] = self
 
@@ -112,7 +119,13 @@ class EpaperModel:
         initsequence.extend(kwargs.pop("add_init_sequence", ()))
         defaults = self.defaults.copy()
         defaults.update(kwargs)
-        return self.__class__(name, initsequence=tuple(initsequence), **defaults)
+        model = self.__class__(name, initsequence=tuple(initsequence), **defaults)
+        # Subclass constructors do not all take these, so carry them over unless overridden
+        if "class_name" not in kwargs:
+            model.class_name = self.class_name
+        if "source_files" not in kwargs:
+            model.source_files = self.source_files
+        return model
 
     def check_requirements(self) -> None:
         """

esphome/components/epaper_spi/models/inkplate2.py

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ from . import EpaperModel
 
 
 class Inkplate2Model(EpaperModel):
+    source_files = ("epaper_spi_inkplate2.cpp",)
+
     def __init__(self, name, class_name="EPaperInkplate2", **kwargs):
         super().__init__(name, class_name, **kwargs)
 

esphome/components/epaper_spi/models/inkplate6color.py

@@ -6,6 +6,11 @@ from . import EpaperModel
 
 
 class Inkplate6ColorModel(EpaperModel):
+    source_files = (
+        "epaper_spi_4bpp.cpp",
+        "epaper_spi_inkplate6color.cpp",
+    )
+
     def __init__(self, name, class_name="EPaperInkplate6Color", **kwargs):
         super().__init__(name, class_name, **kwargs)
 

esphome/components/epaper_spi/models/jd79660.py

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ from . import EpaperModel
 
 
 class JD79660(EpaperModel):
+    source_files = ("epaper_spi_jd79660.cpp",)
+
     def __init__(self, name, class_name="EPaperJD79660", fast_update=None, **kwargs):
         # Only a fast_update sequence lets the driver do anything but a full refresh
         kwargs.setdefault("partial_update", fast_update is not None)

esphome/components/epaper_spi/models/spectra_e6.py

@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@ from . import EpaperModel
 
 
 class SpectraE6(EpaperModel):
+    source_files = (
+        "epaper_spi_4bpp.cpp",
+        "epaper_spi_spectra_e6.cpp",
+    )
+
     def __init__(self, name, class_name="EPaperSpectraE6", **defaults):
         super().__init__(name, class_name, **defaults)
 

esphome/components/epaper_spi/models/ssd1677.py

@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ MONOCHROME = "monochrome"
 
 
 class SSD1677(EpaperModel):
+    source_files = (
+        "epaper_spi_mono.cpp",
+        "epaper_spi_ssd1677.cpp",
+    )
+
     def __init__(
         self,
         name: str,
@@ -116,6 +121,11 @@ seeed_sticky = ssd1677.extend(
 seeed_sticky.extend(
     "seeed-reterminal-sticky-gray4",
     class_name="EPaperSSD1677Gray4",
+    source_files=(
+        "epaper_spi_mono.cpp",
+        "epaper_spi_ssd1677.cpp",
+        "epaper_spi_ssd1677_gray4.cpp",
+    ),
     border_waveform=0x00,
     partial_update=MONOCHROME,
     # each plane byte is built from two whole buffer bytes

esphome/components/epaper_spi/models/ssd1683.py

@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@ from . import EpaperModel
 
 
 class SSD1683(EpaperModel):
+    source_files = (
+        "epaper_spi_mono.cpp",
+        "epaper_spi_ssd1683.cpp",
+    )
+
     def __init__(self, name, class_name="EPaperSSD1683", data_rate="20MHz", **defaults):
         defaults[CONF_DATA_RATE] = data_rate
         defaults.setdefault("partial_update", True)

esphome/components/epaper_spi/models/t133a01.py

@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ CONF_CS1_PIN = "cs1_pin"
 class T133A01Model(EpaperModel):
     """EpaperModel subclass for T133A01-based 6-color e-paper displays."""
 
+    source_files = ("epaper_spi_t133a01.cpp",)
+
     # The driver drives CS and CS1 directly for the dual-CS protocol.
     manages_cs = True
 

esphome/components/epaper_spi/models/uc8151.py

@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ MAX_GATES = 296
 class UC8151(EpaperModel):
     """EpaperModel class for black/white/red displays using the UC8151D controller."""
 
+    source_files = ("epaper_waveshare_bwr.cpp",)
+
     def __init__(self, name: str, **defaults: Any) -> None:
         super().__init__(name, "EPaperWaveshareBWR", **defaults)