Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/dev' into assign-bits-migrate-misc

# Conflicts:
#	esphome/components/ufire_ec/ufire_ec.cpp
#	esphome/components/ufire_ise/ufire_ise.cpp

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/__init__.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from esphome import automation
 from esphome.automation import maybe_simple_id
 import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components import mqtt, web_server
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_CODE,
@@ -9,11 +10,11 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_ID,
     CONF_MQTT_ID,
     CONF_ON_STATE,
+    CONF_WEB_SERVER,
 )
-from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority, entity_helpers
+from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.core.entity_helpers import (
     entity_duplicate_validator,
-    mqtt_component_class,
     queue_entity_register,
     setup_entity,
 )
@@ -43,12 +44,12 @@ AlarmControlPanelState = alarm_control_panel_ns.enum("AlarmControlPanelState")
 
 
 _ALARM_CONTROL_PANEL_SCHEMA = (
-    cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(entity_helpers.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
+    cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(web_server.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
     .extend(cv.MQTT_COMMAND_COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
     .extend(
         {
             cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(
-                mqtt_component_class("MQTTAlarmControlPanelComponent")
+                mqtt.MQTTAlarmControlPanelComponent
             ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_ON_STATE): automation.validate_automation({}),
             cv.Optional(CONF_ON_TRIGGERED): automation.validate_automation({}),
@@ -165,7 +166,11 @@ _CALLBACK_AUTOMATIONS = (
 @setup_entity("alarm_control_panel")
 async def setup_alarm_control_panel_core_(var, config):
     await automation.build_callback_automations(var, config, _CALLBACK_AUTOMATIONS)
-    await entity_helpers.setup_entity_integrations(var, config)
+    if web_server_config := config.get(CONF_WEB_SERVER):
+        await web_server.add_entity_config(var, web_server_config)
+    if mqtt_id := config.get(CONF_MQTT_ID):
+        mqtt_ = cg.new_Pvariable(mqtt_id, var)
+        await mqtt.register_mqtt_component(mqtt_, config)
 
 
 async def register_alarm_control_panel(var, config):

esphome/components/at581x/switch/__init__.py

@@ -4,13 +4,14 @@ import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import DEVICE_CLASS_SWITCH, ICON_WIFI
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_AT581X_ID, AT581XComponent
+from .. import CONF_AT581X_ID, AT581XComponent, at581x_ns
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["at581x"]
 
+RFSwitch = at581x_ns.class_("RFSwitch", switch.Switch)
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = switch.switch_schema(
-    switch.ApplySwitch,
+    RFSwitch,
     device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_SWITCH,
     icon=ICON_WIFI,
 ).extend(
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = switch.switch_schema(
 
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_AT581X_ID])
-    await switch.sub_switches(config, parent=hub).create(
-        config, hub.set_rf_power_switch, apply="set_rf_mode(state)", publish="before"
-    )
+    at581x_component = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_AT581X_ID])
+    s = await switch.new_switch(config)
+    await cg.register_parented(s, config[CONF_AT581X_ID])
+    cg.add(at581x_component.set_rf_power_switch(s))

esphome/components/at581x/switch/rf_switch.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "rf_switch.h"
+
+namespace esphome::at581x {
+
+void RFSwitch::write_state(bool state) {
+  this->publish_state(state);
+  this->parent_->set_rf_mode(state);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::at581x

esphome/components/at581x/switch/rf_switch.h

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/switch/switch.h"
+#include "../at581x.h"
+
+namespace esphome::at581x {
+
+class RFSwitch final : public switch_::Switch, public Parented<AT581XComponent> {
+ protected:
+  void write_state(bool state) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::at581x

esphome/components/binary_sensor/__init__.py

@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ from esphome.core import CORE, ID, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority, entity
 from esphome.core.entity_helpers import (
     SubEntities,
     entity_duplicate_validator,
-    lazy_load_setup,
     lazy_load_validator,
     mqtt_component_class,
     queue_entity_register,
@@ -622,7 +621,10 @@ async def setup_binary_sensor_core_(var, config):
 
     await entity_helpers.setup_entity_integrations(var, config)
 
-    await lazy_load_setup("zigbee", "setup_binary_sensor", var, config)
+    if "zigbee" in CORE.loaded_integrations:
+        from esphome.components import zigbee
+
+        await zigbee.setup_binary_sensor(var, config)
 
 
 async def register_binary_sensor(var, config):

esphome/components/bl0939/bl0939.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #include "bl0939.h"
-#include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include <cinttypes>
 
@@ -21,7 +20,7 @@ static const uint8_t BL0939_REG_SOFT_RESET = 0x19;
 static const uint8_t BL0939_REG_USR_WRPROT = 0x1A;
 static const uint8_t BL0939_REG_TPS_CTRL = 0x1B;
 
-static constexpr uint8_t BL0939_INIT[6][6] PROGMEM = {
+const uint8_t BL0939_INIT[6][6] = {
     // Reset to default
     {BL0939_WRITE_COMMAND, BL0939_REG_SOFT_RESET, 0x5A, 0x5A, 0x5A, 0x33},
     // Enable User Operation Write
@@ -67,10 +66,8 @@ void BL0939::update() {
 }
 
 void BL0939::setup() {
-  uint8_t cmd[sizeof(BL0939_INIT[0])];
-  for (const auto *i : BL0939_INIT) {
-    progmem_memcpy(cmd, i, sizeof(cmd));
-    this->write_array(cmd, sizeof(cmd));
+  for (auto *i : BL0939_INIT) {
+    this->write_array(i, 6);
     delay(1);
   }
   this->flush();

esphome/components/bq25186/bq25186_button.h

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
+#ifdef USE_BUTTON
+
+#include "bq25186.h"
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+
+namespace esphome::bq25186 {
+
+/// Writes one SHIP_RST field when pressed
+class BQ25186Button final : public button::Button, public Parented<BQ25186Component> {
+ public:
+  BQ25186Button(uint8_t mask, uint8_t value) : mask_(mask), value_(value) {}
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override { this->parent_->write_ship_rst(this->mask_, this->value_); }
+
+  const uint8_t mask_;
+  const uint8_t value_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::bq25186
+
+#endif  // USE_BUTTON

esphome/components/bq25186/button.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import button
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
@@ -9,10 +10,11 @@ from esphome.const import (
 )
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from . import BQ25186_CHILD_SCHEMA, CONF_BQ25186_ID
+from . import BQ25186_CHILD_SCHEMA, CONF_BQ25186_ID, bq25186_ns
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["bq25186"]
 
+BQ25186Button = bq25186_ns.class_("BQ25186Button", button.Button)
 
 # SHIP_RST: bit 7 is the software reset, bits 6:5 the shutdown, ship and hardware reset codes
 SOFTWARE_RESET_MASK = 0x80
@@ -31,7 +33,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
     BQ25186_CHILD_SCHEMA.extend(
         {
             cv.Optional(key): button.button_schema(
-                button.ApplyButton,
+                BQ25186Button,
                 entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
                 icon=icon,
                 device_class=device_class,
@@ -44,6 +46,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
 
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    buttons = button.sub_buttons(config, parent=config[CONF_BQ25186_ID])
     for key, mask, value, _, _ in _BUTTONS:
-        await buttons(key, None, apply=f"write_ship_rst({mask:#04x}, {value:#04x})")
+        if (conf := config.get(key)) is not None:
+            var = await button.new_button(conf, mask, value)
+            await cg.register_parented(var, config[CONF_BQ25186_ID])

esphome/components/button/__init__.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from esphome import automation
 from esphome.automation import maybe_simple_id
 import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components import mqtt, web_server
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_DEVICE_CLASS,
@@ -9,6 +10,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_ID,
     CONF_MQTT_ID,
     CONF_ON_PRESS,
+    CONF_WEB_SERVER,
     DEVICE_CLASS_EMPTY,
     DEVICE_CLASS_IDENTIFY,
     DEVICE_CLASS_RESTART,
@@ -19,12 +21,11 @@ from esphome.const import (
     ICON_RESTART,
     ICON_RESTART_ALERT,
 )
-from esphome.core import CORE, ID, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority, entity_helpers
+from esphome.core import CORE, ID, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.core.entity_helpers import (
     ApplyEntity,
     SubEntities,
     entity_duplicate_validator,
-    mqtt_component_class,
     queue_entity_register,
     setup_device_class,
     setup_entity,
@@ -52,13 +53,11 @@ validate_device_class = cv.one_of(*DEVICE_CLASSES, lower=True, space="_")
 
 
 _BUTTON_SCHEMA = (
-    cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(entity_helpers.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
+    cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(web_server.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
     .extend(cv.MQTT_COMMAND_COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
     .extend(
         {
-            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(
-                mqtt_component_class("MQTTButtonComponent")
-            ),
+            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(mqtt.MQTTButtonComponent),
             cv.Optional(
                 CONF_DEVICE_CLASS, visibility=cv.Visibility.ADVANCED
             ): validate_device_class,
@@ -136,7 +135,12 @@ async def setup_button_core_(var: MockObj, config: ConfigType) -> None:
 
     setup_device_class(config)
 
-    await entity_helpers.setup_entity_integrations(var, config)
+    if mqtt_id := config.get(CONF_MQTT_ID):
+        mqtt_ = cg.new_Pvariable(mqtt_id, var)
+        await mqtt.register_mqtt_component(mqtt_, config)
+
+    if web_server_config := config.get(CONF_WEB_SERVER):
+        await web_server.add_entity_config(var, web_server_config)
 
 
 async def register_button(var: MockObj, config: ConfigType) -> None:

esphome/components/climate/__init__.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from typing import Any
 
 from esphome import automation
 import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components import mqtt, web_server
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_ACTION_STATE_TOPIC,
@@ -48,15 +49,15 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_TEMPERATURE_STEP,
     CONF_UNIT_OF_MEASUREMENT,
     CONF_VISUAL,
+    CONF_WEB_SERVER,
     UNIT_KELVIN,
 )
-from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority, entity_helpers
+from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.core.entity_helpers import (
     TemperatureUnitResolver,
     convert_visual_temperatures,
     declare_fixed_temperature_unit,
     entity_duplicate_validator,
-    mqtt_component_class,
     queue_entity_register,
     setup_entity,
     setup_entity_temperature_unit,
@@ -176,13 +177,11 @@ _visual_temperatures_in_entity_unit = partial(
 
 
 _CLIMATE_SCHEMA = (
-    cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(entity_helpers.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
+    cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(web_server.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
     .extend(cv.MQTT_COMMAND_COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
     .extend(
         {
-            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(
-                mqtt_component_class("MQTTClimateComponent")
-            ),
+            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(mqtt.MQTTClimateComponent),
             cv.Optional(CONF_VISUAL, default={}): cv.Schema(
                 {
                     cv.Optional(CONF_MIN_TEMPERATURE): cv.temperature_with_unit,
@@ -354,8 +353,10 @@ async def setup_climate_core_(var: MockObj, config: ConfigType) -> None:
         cg.add(var.set_visual_max_humidity_override(max_humidity))
     setup_entity_temperature_unit(var, config)
 
-    mqtt_ = await entity_helpers.setup_entity_integrations(var, config)
-    if mqtt_ is not None:
+    if (mqtt_id := config.get(CONF_MQTT_ID)) is not None:
+        mqtt_ = cg.new_Pvariable(mqtt_id, var)
+        await mqtt.register_mqtt_component(mqtt_, config)
+
         if (action_state_topic := config.get(CONF_ACTION_STATE_TOPIC)) is not None:
             cg.add(mqtt_.set_custom_action_state_topic(action_state_topic))
         if (away_command_topic := config.get(CONF_AWAY_COMMAND_TOPIC)) is not None:
@@ -485,6 +486,9 @@ async def setup_climate_core_(var: MockObj, config: ConfigType) -> None:
 
     await automation.build_callback_automations(var, config, _CALLBACK_AUTOMATIONS)
 
+    if web_server_config := config.get(CONF_WEB_SERVER):
+        await web_server.add_entity_config(var, web_server_config)
+
 
 def set_custom_fan_modes(var: MockObj, modes: list[str]) -> None:
     """Point the climate at a shared flash table of custom fan modes."""

esphome/components/cover/__init__.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import logging
 from esphome import automation
 from esphome.automation import maybe_simple_id
 import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components import mqtt, web_server
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_DEVICE_CLASS,
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_TILT_COMMAND_TOPIC,
     CONF_TILT_STATE_TOPIC,
     CONF_TRIGGER_ID,
+    CONF_WEB_SERVER,
     DEVICE_CLASS_AWNING,
     DEVICE_CLASS_BLIND,
     DEVICE_CLASS_CURTAIN,
@@ -34,10 +36,9 @@ from esphome.const import (
     DEVICE_CLASS_SHUTTER,
     DEVICE_CLASS_WINDOW,
 )
-from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority, entity_helpers
+from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.core.entity_helpers import (
     entity_duplicate_validator,
-    mqtt_component_class,
     queue_entity_register,
     setup_device_class,
     setup_entity,
@@ -111,13 +112,11 @@ TRIGGERS = {
 
 
 _COVER_SCHEMA = (
-    cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(entity_helpers.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
+    cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(web_server.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
     .extend(cv.MQTT_COMMAND_COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
     .extend(
         {
-            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(
-                mqtt_component_class("MQTTCoverComponent")
-            ),
+            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(mqtt.MQTTCoverComponent),
             cv.Optional(CONF_MQTT_JSON_STATE_PAYLOAD): cv.All(
                 cv.requires_component("mqtt"), cv.boolean
             ),
@@ -203,8 +202,10 @@ async def setup_cover_core_(var: MockObj, config: ConfigType) -> None:
             trigger = cg.new_Pvariable(conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID], var)
             await automation.build_automation(trigger, [], conf)
 
-    mqtt_ = await entity_helpers.setup_entity_integrations(var, config)
-    if mqtt_ is not None:
+    if (mqtt_id := config.get(CONF_MQTT_ID)) is not None:
+        mqtt_ = cg.new_Pvariable(mqtt_id, var)
+        await mqtt.register_mqtt_component(mqtt_, config)
+
         if (position_state_topic := config.get(CONF_POSITION_STATE_TOPIC)) is not None:
             cg.add(mqtt_.set_custom_position_state_topic(position_state_topic))
         if (
@@ -219,6 +220,9 @@ async def setup_cover_core_(var: MockObj, config: ConfigType) -> None:
         if (tilt_command_topic := config.get(CONF_TILT_COMMAND_TOPIC)) is not None:
             cg.add(mqtt_.set_custom_tilt_command_topic(tilt_command_topic))
 
+    if web_server_config := config.get(CONF_WEB_SERVER):
+        await web_server.add_entity_config(var, web_server_config)
+
 
 async def register_cover(var: MockObj, config: ConfigType) -> None:
     if not CORE.has_id(config[CONF_ID]):

esphome/components/cse7766/cse7766.cpp

@@ -28,23 +28,30 @@ void CSE7766Component::loop() {
 
   // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
   // At 4800 baud (~480 bytes/sec) with ~122 Hz loop rate, typically ~4 bytes per call.
-  this->read_available<CSE7766_RAW_DATA_SIZE>(
-      [this](uint8_t byte) {
-        this->raw_data_[this->raw_data_index_] = byte;
-        if (!this->check_byte_()) {
-          this->raw_data_index_ = 0;
-          this->status_set_warning();
-          return;
-        }
+  uint8_t buf[CSE7766_RAW_DATA_SIZE];
+  while (avail > 0) {
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
+    if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
+      break;
+    }
+    avail -= to_read;
 
-        if (this->raw_data_index_ == CSE7766_RAW_DATA_SIZE - 1) {
-          this->parse_data_();
-          this->status_clear_warning();
-        }
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < to_read; i++) {
+      this->raw_data_[this->raw_data_index_] = buf[i];
+      if (!this->check_byte_()) {
+        this->raw_data_index_ = 0;
+        this->status_set_warning();
+        continue;
+      }
 
-        this->raw_data_index_ = (this->raw_data_index_ + 1) % CSE7766_RAW_DATA_SIZE;
-      },
-      avail);
+      if (this->raw_data_index_ == CSE7766_RAW_DATA_SIZE - 1) {
+        this->parse_data_();
+        this->status_clear_warning();
+      }
+
+      this->raw_data_index_ = (this->raw_data_index_ + 1) % CSE7766_RAW_DATA_SIZE;
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 bool CSE7766Component::check_byte_() {

esphome/components/datetime/__init__.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ from collections.abc import Callable
 
 from esphome import automation
 import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components import mqtt, time, web_server
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_DATE,
@@ -19,12 +20,12 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_TIME_ID,
     CONF_TRIGGER_ID,
     CONF_TYPE,
+    CONF_WEB_SERVER,
     CONF_YEAR,
 )
-from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority, entity_helpers
+from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.core.entity_helpers import (
     entity_duplicate_validator,
-    mqtt_component_class,
     queue_entity_register,
     setup_entity,
 )
@@ -37,10 +38,6 @@ DOMAIN = "datetime"
 IS_PLATFORM_COMPONENT = True
 
 datetime_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("datetime")
-# Matches time.RealTimeClock by name without importing the time component
-_RealTimeClock = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("time").class_(
-    "RealTimeClock", cg.PollingComponent
-)
 DateTimeBase = datetime_ns.class_("DateTimeBase", cg.EntityBase)
 DateEntity = datetime_ns.class_("DateEntity", DateTimeBase)
 TimeEntity = datetime_ns.class_("TimeEntity", DateTimeBase)
@@ -67,7 +64,7 @@ DATETIME_MODES = [
 def _validate_time_present(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
     config = config.copy()
     if CONF_ON_TIME in config and CONF_TIME_ID not in config:
-        time_id = cv.use_id(_RealTimeClock)(None)
+        time_id = cv.use_id(time.RealTimeClock)(None)
         config[CONF_TIME_ID] = time_id
     return config
 
@@ -76,10 +73,10 @@ _DATETIME_SCHEMA = cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(
     cv.Schema(
         {
             cv.Optional(CONF_ON_VALUE): automation.validate_automation({}),
-            cv.Optional(CONF_TIME_ID): cv.use_id(_RealTimeClock),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_TIME_ID): cv.use_id(time.RealTimeClock),
         }
     )
-    .extend(entity_helpers.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
+    .extend(web_server.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
     .extend(cv.MQTT_COMMAND_COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
 ).add_extra(_validate_time_present)
 
@@ -90,9 +87,7 @@ def date_schema(class_: MockObjClass) -> cv.Schema:
     schema = cv.Schema(
         {
             cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(class_),
-            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(
-                mqtt_component_class("MQTTDateComponent")
-            ),
+            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(mqtt.MQTTDateComponent),
             cv.Optional(CONF_TYPE, default="DATE"): cv.one_of("DATE", upper=True),
         }
     )
@@ -103,9 +98,7 @@ def time_schema(class_: MockObjClass) -> cv.Schema:
     schema = cv.Schema(
         {
             cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(class_),
-            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(
-                mqtt_component_class("MQTTTimeComponent")
-            ),
+            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(mqtt.MQTTTimeComponent),
             cv.Optional(CONF_TYPE, default="TIME"): cv.one_of("TIME", upper=True),
             cv.Optional(CONF_ON_TIME): automation.validate_automation(
                 {
@@ -122,7 +115,7 @@ def datetime_schema(class_: MockObjClass) -> cv.Schema:
         {
             cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(class_),
             cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(
-                mqtt_component_class("MQTTDateTimeComponent")
+                mqtt.MQTTDateTimeComponent
             ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_TYPE, default="DATETIME"): cv.one_of(
                 "DATETIME", upper=True
@@ -139,7 +132,11 @@ def datetime_schema(class_: MockObjClass) -> cv.Schema:
 
 @setup_entity("datetime")
 async def setup_datetime_core_(var: MockObj, config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    await entity_helpers.setup_entity_integrations(var, config)
+    if (mqtt_id := config.get(CONF_MQTT_ID)) is not None:
+        mqtt_ = cg.new_Pvariable(mqtt_id, var)
+        await mqtt.register_mqtt_component(mqtt_, config)
+    if web_server_config := config.get(CONF_WEB_SERVER):
+        await web_server.add_entity_config(var, web_server_config)
     # The state callback carries nothing; the automation gets the value as an ESPTime.
     for conf in config.get(CONF_ON_VALUE, []):
         await automation.build_callback_automation(

esphome/components/dfplayer/dfplayer.cpp

@@ -135,140 +135,153 @@ void DFPlayer::send_cmd_(uint8_t cmd, uint16_t argument) {
 }
 
 void DFPlayer::loop() {
-  this->read_available([this](uint8_t byte) {
-    if (this->read_pos_ == DFPLAYER_READ_BUFFER_LENGTH)
-      this->read_pos_ = 0;
-
-    switch (this->read_pos_) {
-      case 0:  // Start mark
-        if (byte != 0x7E)
-          return;
-        break;
-      case 1:  // Version
-        if (byte != 0xFF) {
-          ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Expected Version 0xFF, got %#02x", byte);
-          this->read_pos_ = 0;
-          return;
-        }
-        break;
-      case 2:  // Buffer length
-        if (byte != 0x06) {
-          ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Expected Buffer length 0x06, got %#02x", byte);
-          this->read_pos_ = 0;
-          return;
-        }
-        break;
-      case 9:  // End byte
-#ifdef ESPHOME_LOG_HAS_VERY_VERBOSE
-        char byte_sequence[100];
-        byte_sequence[0] = '\0';
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < this->read_pos_ + 1; ++i) {
-          snprintf(byte_sequence + strlen(byte_sequence), sizeof(byte_sequence) - strlen(byte_sequence), "%02X ",
-                   this->read_buffer_[i]);
-        }
-        ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Received byte sequence: %s", byte_sequence);
-#endif
-        if (byte != 0xEF) {
-          ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Expected end byte 0xEF, got %#02x", byte);
-          this->read_pos_ = 0;
-          return;
-        }
-        // Parse valid received command
-        uint8_t cmd = this->read_buffer_[3];
-        uint16_t argument = (this->read_buffer_[5] << 8) | this->read_buffer_[6];
-
-        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Received message cmd: %#02x arg %#04x", cmd, argument);
-
-        switch (cmd) {
-          case 0x3A:
-            if (argument == 1) {
-              ESP_LOGI(TAG, "USB loaded");
-            } else if (argument == 2) {
-              ESP_LOGI(TAG, "TF Card loaded");
-            }
-            break;
-          case 0x3B:
-            if (argument == 1) {
-              ESP_LOGI(TAG, "USB unloaded");
-            } else if (argument == 2) {
-              ESP_LOGI(TAG, "TF Card unloaded");
-            }
-            break;
-          case 0x3F:
-            if (argument == 1) {
-              ESP_LOGI(TAG, "USB available");
-            } else if (argument == 2) {
-              ESP_LOGI(TAG, "TF Card available");
-            } else if (argument == 3) {
-              ESP_LOGI(TAG, "USB, TF Card available");
-            }
-            break;
-          case 0x40:
-            ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Nack");
-            this->ack_set_is_playing_ = false;
-            this->ack_reset_is_playing_ = false;
-            switch (argument) {
-              case 0x01:
-                ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Module is busy or uninitialized");
-                break;
-              case 0x02:
-                ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Module is in sleep mode");
-                break;
-              case 0x03:
-                ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Serial receive error");
-                break;
-              case 0x04:
-                ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Checksum incorrect");
-                break;
-              case 0x05:
-                ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Specified track is out of current track scope");
-                this->is_playing_ = false;
-                break;
-              case 0x06:
-                ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Specified track is not found");
-                this->is_playing_ = false;
-                break;
-              case 0x07:
-                ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Insertion error (an inserting operation only can be done when a track is being played)");
-                break;
-              case 0x08:
-                ESP_LOGE(TAG, "SD card reading failed (SD card pulled out or damaged)");
-                break;
-              case 0x09:
-                ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Entered into sleep mode");
-                this->is_playing_ = false;
-                break;
-              default:
-                break;
-            }
-            break;
-          case 0x41:
-            ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Ack ok");
-            this->is_playing_ |= this->ack_set_is_playing_;
-            this->is_playing_ &= !this->ack_reset_is_playing_;
-            this->ack_set_is_playing_ = false;
-            this->ack_reset_is_playing_ = false;
-            break;
-          case 0x3C:
-            ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Playback finished (USB drive)");
-            this->is_playing_ = false;
-            this->on_finished_playback_callback_.call();
-            break;
-          case 0x3D:
-            ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Playback finished (SD card)");
-            this->is_playing_ = false;
-            this->on_finished_playback_callback_.call();
-            break;
-          default:
-            ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Received unknown cmd %#02x arg %#04x", cmd, argument);
-        }
-        this->sent_cmd_ = 0;
-        this->read_pos_ = 0;
-        return;
+  // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
+  size_t avail = this->available();
+  uint8_t buf[64];
+  while (avail > 0) {
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
+    if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
+      break;
     }
-    this->read_buffer_[this->read_pos_] = byte;
-    this->read_pos_++;
-  });
+    avail -= to_read;
+    for (size_t bi = 0; bi < to_read; bi++) {
+      uint8_t byte = buf[bi];
+
+      if (this->read_pos_ == DFPLAYER_READ_BUFFER_LENGTH)
+        this->read_pos_ = 0;
+
+      switch (this->read_pos_) {
+        case 0:  // Start mark
+          if (byte != 0x7E)
+            continue;
+          break;
+        case 1:  // Version
+          if (byte != 0xFF) {
+            ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Expected Version 0xFF, got %#02x", byte);
+            this->read_pos_ = 0;
+            continue;
+          }
+          break;
+        case 2:  // Buffer length
+          if (byte != 0x06) {
+            ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Expected Buffer length 0x06, got %#02x", byte);
+            this->read_pos_ = 0;
+            continue;
+          }
+          break;
+        case 9:  // End byte
+#ifdef ESPHOME_LOG_HAS_VERY_VERBOSE
+          char byte_sequence[100];
+          byte_sequence[0] = '\0';
+          for (size_t i = 0; i < this->read_pos_ + 1; ++i) {
+            snprintf(byte_sequence + strlen(byte_sequence), sizeof(byte_sequence) - strlen(byte_sequence), "%02X ",
+                     this->read_buffer_[i]);
+          }
+          ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Received byte sequence: %s", byte_sequence);
+#endif
+          if (byte != 0xEF) {
+            ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Expected end byte 0xEF, got %#02x", byte);
+            this->read_pos_ = 0;
+            continue;
+          }
+          // Parse valid received command
+          uint8_t cmd = this->read_buffer_[3];
+          uint16_t argument = (this->read_buffer_[5] << 8) | this->read_buffer_[6];
+
+          ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Received message cmd: %#02x arg %#04x", cmd, argument);
+
+          switch (cmd) {
+            case 0x3A:
+              if (argument == 1) {
+                ESP_LOGI(TAG, "USB loaded");
+              } else if (argument == 2) {
+                ESP_LOGI(TAG, "TF Card loaded");
+              }
+              break;
+            case 0x3B:
+              if (argument == 1) {
+                ESP_LOGI(TAG, "USB unloaded");
+              } else if (argument == 2) {
+                ESP_LOGI(TAG, "TF Card unloaded");
+              }
+              break;
+            case 0x3F:
+              if (argument == 1) {
+                ESP_LOGI(TAG, "USB available");
+              } else if (argument == 2) {
+                ESP_LOGI(TAG, "TF Card available");
+              } else if (argument == 3) {
+                ESP_LOGI(TAG, "USB, TF Card available");
+              }
+              break;
+            case 0x40:
+              ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Nack");
+              this->ack_set_is_playing_ = false;
+              this->ack_reset_is_playing_ = false;
+              switch (argument) {
+                case 0x01:
+                  ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Module is busy or uninitialized");
+                  break;
+                case 0x02:
+                  ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Module is in sleep mode");
+                  break;
+                case 0x03:
+                  ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Serial receive error");
+                  break;
+                case 0x04:
+                  ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Checksum incorrect");
+                  break;
+                case 0x05:
+                  ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Specified track is out of current track scope");
+                  this->is_playing_ = false;
+                  break;
+                case 0x06:
+                  ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Specified track is not found");
+                  this->is_playing_ = false;
+                  break;
+                case 0x07:
+                  ESP_LOGE(TAG,
+                           "Insertion error (an inserting operation only can be done when a track is being played)");
+                  break;
+                case 0x08:
+                  ESP_LOGE(TAG, "SD card reading failed (SD card pulled out or damaged)");
+                  break;
+                case 0x09:
+                  ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Entered into sleep mode");
+                  this->is_playing_ = false;
+                  break;
+                default:
+                  break;
+              }
+              break;
+            case 0x41:
+              ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Ack ok");
+              this->is_playing_ |= this->ack_set_is_playing_;
+              this->is_playing_ &= !this->ack_reset_is_playing_;
+              this->ack_set_is_playing_ = false;
+              this->ack_reset_is_playing_ = false;
+              break;
+            case 0x3C:
+              ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Playback finished (USB drive)");
+              this->is_playing_ = false;
+              this->on_finished_playback_callback_.call();
+              break;
+            case 0x3D:
+              ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Playback finished (SD card)");
+              this->is_playing_ = false;
+              this->on_finished_playback_callback_.call();
+              break;
+            default:
+              ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Received unknown cmd %#02x arg %#04x", cmd, argument);
+          }
+          this->sent_cmd_ = 0;
+          this->read_pos_ = 0;
+          continue;
+      }
+      this->read_buffer_[this->read_pos_] = byte;
+      this->read_pos_++;
+    }
+  }
 }
 void DFPlayer::dump_config() { ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "DFPlayer:"); }
 

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0465_uart/dfrobot_sen0465_uart.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 #include "dfrobot_sen0465_uart.h"
 
+#include <algorithm>
+
 namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0465_uart {
 
+using dfrobot_sen0465_base::FRAME_HEAD;
 using dfrobot_sen0465_base::FRAME_SIZE;
 using dfrobot_sen0465_base::RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_ID;
 
@@ -15,21 +18,30 @@ void DFRobotSEN0465UARTComponent::setup() {
 }
 
 void DFRobotSEN0465UARTComponent::loop() {
-  // The tail of a reading the probe sent on its own may precede the answer; the reader skips to the frame head.
-  const uint8_t *frame = nullptr;
-  this->read_available<FRAME_SIZE>([&](uint8_t c) { return (frame = this->reader_.feed(c)) == nullptr; });
-  if (frame == nullptr)
+  // The tail of a reading the probe sent on its own may precede the answer; start at the next frame head.
+  uint8_t byte;
+  while (this->rx_count_ == 0 && this->peek_byte(&byte) && byte != FRAME_HEAD)
+    this->read_byte(&byte);
+  const size_t available = this->available();
+  if (available == 0)
+    return;
+  const size_t len = std::min<size_t>(available, FRAME_SIZE - this->rx_count_);
+  if (!this->read_array(this->rx_buffer_ + this->rx_count_, len))
+    return;
+  this->rx_count_ += len;
+  if (this->rx_count_ < FRAME_SIZE)
     return;
 
+  this->rx_count_ = 0;
   this->cancel_timeout(RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_ID);
   this->disable_loop();
-  this->handle_response_(frame);
+  this->handle_response_(this->rx_buffer_);
 }
 
 bool DFRobotSEN0465UARTComponent::write_frame(const uint8_t *frame) {
   // Drop anything left over, such as the answer to the mode change or readings sent before passive mode was set
   this->discard_available();
-  this->reader_.reset();
+  this->rx_count_ = 0;
   this->write_array(frame, FRAME_SIZE);
   return true;
 }
@@ -38,7 +50,7 @@ void DFRobotSEN0465UARTComponent::read_response() {
   this->enable_loop();
   this->set_timeout(RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_ID, RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MS, [this]() {
     this->disable_loop();
-    this->reader_.reset();
+    this->rx_count_ = 0;
     this->handle_no_response_();
   });
 }

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0465_uart/dfrobot_sen0465_uart.h

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 #include "esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0465_base/dfrobot_sen0465_base.h"
 #include "esphome/components/uart/uart.h"
-#include "esphome/core/frame_reader.h"
 
 namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0465_uart {
 
@@ -18,7 +17,8 @@ class DFRobotSEN0465UARTComponent final : public dfrobot_sen0465_base::DFRobotSE
   bool write_frame(const uint8_t *frame) override;
   void read_response() override;
 
-  FrameReader<dfrobot_sen0465_base::FRAME_SIZE, dfrobot_sen0465_base::FRAME_HEAD> reader_;
+  uint8_t rx_buffer_[dfrobot_sen0465_base::FRAME_SIZE];
+  uint8_t rx_count_{0};
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0465_uart

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0609/button/__init__.py

@@ -5,16 +5,19 @@ import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_FACTORY_RESET, CONF_ID, CONF_RESTART
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_DFROBOT_SEN0609_ID, DFRobotSEN0609Component
+from .. import CONF_DFROBOT_SEN0609_ID, DFRobotSEN0609Component, dfrobot_sen0609_ns
+
+DFRobotSEN0609Button = dfrobot_sen0609_ns.class_("DFRobotSEN0609Button", button.Button)
+ButtonAction = dfrobot_sen0609_ns.enum("ButtonAction")
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.EntityBase),
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_DFROBOT_SEN0609_ID): cv.use_id(DFRobotSEN0609Component),
     cv.Optional(CONF_FACTORY_RESET): button.factory_reset_button_schema(
-        button.ApplyButton
+        DFRobotSEN0609Button
     ),
-    cv.Optional(CONF_QUERY_PARAMS): button.query_button_schema(button.ApplyButton),
-    cv.Optional(CONF_RESTART): button.restart_button_schema(button.ApplyButton),
+    cv.Optional(CONF_QUERY_PARAMS): button.query_button_schema(DFRobotSEN0609Button),
+    cv.Optional(CONF_RESTART): button.restart_button_schema(DFRobotSEN0609Button),
 }
 
 
@@ -22,7 +25,11 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_DFROBOT_SEN0609_ID])
     buttons = button.sub_buttons(config, parent=hub)
     await buttons(
-        CONF_FACTORY_RESET, hub.set_factory_reset_button, apply="factory_reset()"
+        CONF_FACTORY_RESET,
+        hub.set_factory_reset_button,
+        ButtonAction.BUTTON_FACTORY_RESET,
     )
-    await buttons(CONF_QUERY_PARAMS, hub.set_query_button, apply="query_params()")
-    await buttons(CONF_RESTART, hub.set_restart_button, apply="restart()")
+    await buttons(
+        CONF_QUERY_PARAMS, hub.set_query_button, ButtonAction.BUTTON_QUERY_PARAMS
+    )
+    await buttons(CONF_RESTART, hub.set_restart_button, ButtonAction.BUTTON_RESTART)

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0609/button/dfrobot_sen0609_button.h

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../dfrobot_sen0609.h"
+
+namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0609 {
+
+class DFRobotSEN0609Button final : public button::Button, public Parented<DFRobotSEN0609Component> {
+ public:
+  explicit DFRobotSEN0609Button(ButtonAction action) : action_(action) {}
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override {
+    switch (this->action_) {
+      case BUTTON_RESTART:
+        this->parent_->restart();
+        break;
+      case BUTTON_FACTORY_RESET:
+        this->parent_->factory_reset();
+        break;
+      case BUTTON_QUERY_PARAMS:
+        this->parent_->query_params();
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  ButtonAction action_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0609

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0609/dfrobot_sen0609.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include "esphome/core/progmem.h"
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <cmath>
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <cstring>
@@ -174,11 +175,21 @@ void DFRobotSEN0609Component::setup() {
 }
 
 void DFRobotSEN0609Component::loop() {
-  if (this->read_available<MAX_LINE_LENGTH>([this](uint8_t b) { this->readline_(b); })) {
+  uint8_t buf[MAX_LINE_LENGTH];
+  size_t avail = this->available();
+  while (avail > 0) {
+    const size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
+    if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
+      if (!this->read_failed_) {
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "UART read failed");
+      }
+      this->read_failed_ = true;
+      break;
+    }
     this->read_failed_ = false;
-  } else if (!this->read_failed_) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "UART read failed");
-    this->read_failed_ = true;
+    avail -= to_read;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < to_read; i++)
+      this->readline_(buf[i]);
   }
   this->run_sequencer_();
 }
@@ -443,15 +454,6 @@ void DFRobotSEN0609Component::control_number(NumberSetting setting, float value)
   this->request_write_(static_cast<Param>(progmem_read_byte(&NUMBER_PARAMS[setting])));
 }
 
-void DFRobotSEN0609Component::control_number(number::Number *number, float value) {
-  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < NUMBER_COUNT; i++) {
-    if (this->numbers_[i] == number) {
-      this->control_number(static_cast<NumberSetting>(i), value);
-      return;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
 void DFRobotSEN0609Component::forget_number_changes_(Param param, bool unknown) {
   for (uint8_t i = 0; i < NUMBER_COUNT; i++) {
     if (progmem_read_byte(&NUMBER_PARAMS[i]) != param)

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0609/dfrobot_sen0609.h

@@ -62,6 +62,12 @@ enum SwitchSetting : uint8_t {
   SWITCH_COUNT,
 };
 
+enum ButtonAction : uint8_t {
+  BUTTON_RESTART,
+  BUTTON_FACTORY_RESET,
+  BUTTON_QUERY_PARAMS,
+};
+
 /// Module parameters; a write or read of each is one command. Pending work runs in this order.
 enum Param : uint8_t {
   PARAM_RUN_APP,
@@ -124,8 +130,6 @@ class DFRobotSEN0609Component final : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
   void set_number(NumberSetting setting, number::Number *number) { this->numbers_[setting] = number; }
   void control_number(NumberSetting setting, float value);
-  // Finds the setting by pointer so every number shares one Apply function
-  void control_number(number::Number *number, float value);
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SWITCH
   void set_switch(SwitchSetting setting, switch_::Switch *sw) { this->switches_[setting] = sw; }

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0609/number/__init__.py

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ from .. import (
     final_validate_mode,
 )
 
+DFRobotSEN0609Number = dfrobot_sen0609_ns.class_("DFRobotSEN0609Number", number.Number)
 NumberSetting = dfrobot_sen0609_ns.enum("NumberSetting")
 
 CONF_HOLD_SENSITIVITY = "hold_sensitivity"
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ class Setting(NamedTuple):
 
 def _distance(icon: str = ICON_RULER) -> cv.Schema:
     return number.number_schema(
-        number.ApplyNumber,
+        DFRobotSEN0609Number,
         device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_DISTANCE,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         icon=icon,
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ def _distance(icon: str = ICON_RULER) -> cv.Schema:
 
 def _duration() -> cv.Schema:
     return number.number_schema(
-        number.ApplyNumber,
+        DFRobotSEN0609Number,
         device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_DURATION,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         icon=ICON_TIMELAPSE,
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ def _duration() -> cv.Schema:
 
 def _plain() -> cv.Schema:
     return number.number_schema(
-        number.ApplyNumber,
+        DFRobotSEN0609Number,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         icon=ICON_MOTION_SENSOR,
     )
@@ -186,8 +187,8 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
         await numbers(
             s.key,
             lambda n, setting=s.setting: hub.set_number(setting, n),
+            s.setting,
             min_value=s.min_value,
             max_value=max_range if s.max_value is None else s.max_value,
             step=s.step,
-            apply="control_number(entity, value)",
         )

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0609/number/dfrobot_sen0609_number.h

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/number/number.h"
+#include "../dfrobot_sen0609.h"
+
+namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0609 {
+
+class DFRobotSEN0609Number final : public number::Number, public Parented<DFRobotSEN0609Component> {
+ public:
+  explicit DFRobotSEN0609Number(NumberSetting setting) : setting_(setting) {}
+
+ protected:
+  void control(float value) override { this->parent_->control_number(this->setting_, value); }
+
+  NumberSetting setting_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0609

esphome/components/ds1603l/ds1603l.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #include "ds1603l.h"
 
+#include <cstring>
+
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
@@ -8,28 +10,35 @@ namespace esphome::ds1603l {
 ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "ds1603l.sensor");
 
 void DS1603L::loop() {
-  this->read_available([this](uint8_t byte) {
-    const uint8_t *frame = this->reader_.feed(byte);
-    if (frame == nullptr) {
-      if (this->reader_.length() == 0) {
-        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Skipping byte 0x%02X while looking for header", byte);
-      }
-      return;
+  // Assemble frames one byte at a time so a stream that starts mid-frame can realign
+  uint8_t byte;
+  while (this->available() > 0 && this->read_byte(&byte)) {
+    if (this->rx_count_ == 0 && byte != HEADER_BYTE) {
+      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Skipping byte 0x%02X while looking for header", byte);
+      continue;
     }
-    if (!this->parse_data_(frame)) {
+
+    this->rx_buffer_[this->rx_count_++] = byte;
+    if (this->rx_count_ < FRAME_SIZE) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (this->parse_data_()) {
+      this->rx_count_ = 0;
+    } else {
       // The header byte was part of the payload of a misaligned frame, so realign instead of dropping everything
-      this->reader_.resync();
+      this->resync_();
     }
-  });
+  }
 }
 
 void DS1603L::dump_config() { LOG_SENSOR("", "DS1603L", this); }
 
-bool DS1603L::parse_data_(const uint8_t *frame) {
-  uint8_t header = frame[0];
-  uint8_t data_h = frame[1];
-  uint8_t data_l = frame[2];
-  uint8_t checksum = frame[3];
+bool DS1603L::parse_data_() {
+  uint8_t header = this->rx_buffer_[0];
+  uint8_t data_h = this->rx_buffer_[1];
+  uint8_t data_l = this->rx_buffer_[2];
+  uint8_t checksum = this->rx_buffer_[3];
 
   uint8_t computed_checksum = (header + data_h + data_l) & 0xFF;
 
@@ -44,4 +53,16 @@ bool DS1603L::parse_data_(const uint8_t *frame) {
   return true;
 }
 
+void DS1603L::resync_() {
+  // Drop the byte that was treated as the header, then look for the next candidate header in what is left
+  size_t start = 1;
+  while (start < this->rx_count_ && this->rx_buffer_[start] != HEADER_BYTE) {
+    start++;
+  }
+  this->rx_count_ -= start;
+  if (this->rx_count_ > 0) {
+    memmove(this->rx_buffer_, this->rx_buffer_ + start, this->rx_count_);
+  }
+}
+
 }  // namespace esphome::ds1603l

esphome/components/ds1603l/ds1603l.h

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 #include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
 #include "esphome/components/uart/uart.h"
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
-#include "esphome/core/frame_reader.h"
 
 namespace esphome::ds1603l {
 
@@ -19,10 +18,13 @@ class DS1603L final : public sensor::Sensor, public Component, public uart::UART
   static constexpr uint8_t HEADER_BYTE = 0xFF;
   static constexpr size_t FRAME_SIZE = 4;
 
-  // Validates the checksum of the frame and publishes it. Returns false if the frame is invalid.
-  bool parse_data_(const uint8_t *frame);
+  // Validates the checksum of the frame in rx_buffer_ and publishes it. Returns false if the frame is invalid.
+  bool parse_data_();
+  // Drops the first buffered byte and realigns the buffer on the next possible header byte.
+  void resync_();
 
-  FrameReader<FRAME_SIZE, HEADER_BYTE> reader_;
+  uint8_t rx_buffer_[FRAME_SIZE];  // Buffer for the frame being assembled
+  size_t rx_count_{0};             // Number of bytes currently in rx_buffer_
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::ds1603l

esphome/components/ds248x/ds248x_one_wire_bus.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "ds248x_one_wire_bus.h"
 #include "ds248x.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
 namespace esphome::ds248x {
@@ -151,11 +152,7 @@ uint64_t DS248xOneWireBus::search_int() {
     }
 
     // Update address based on direction taken
-    if (dir_taken) {
-      address |= bit_mask;
-    } else {
-      address &= ~bit_mask;
-    }
+    assign_bits(address, bit_mask, dir_taken);
   }
 
   // Search successful

esphome/components/espectre/button/__init__.py

@@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
+import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import button
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_ESPECTRE_ID, ESPectreComponent
+from .. import CONF_ESPECTRE_ID, ESPectreComponent, espectre_ns
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["espectre"]
 
+RecalibrateButton = espectre_ns.class_("RecalibrateButton", button.Button)
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = button.button_schema(
-    button.ApplyButton, entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG
+    RecalibrateButton, entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG
 ).extend({cv.GenerateID(CONF_ESPECTRE_ID): cv.use_id(ESPectreComponent)})
 
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    buttons = button.sub_buttons(config, parent=config[CONF_ESPECTRE_ID])
-    await buttons.create(config, None, apply="recalibrate()")
+    var = await button.new_button(config)
+    await cg.register_parented(var, config[CONF_ESPECTRE_ID])

esphome/components/espectre/button/espectre_button.h

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
+
+#ifdef USE_ESPECTRE
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../espectre.h"
+
+namespace esphome::espectre {
+
+class RecalibrateButton final : public button::Button, public Parented<ESPectreComponent> {
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override { this->parent_->recalibrate(); }
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::espectre
+
+#endif  // USE_ESPECTRE

esphome/components/event/__init__.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from esphome import automation
 import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components import mqtt, web_server
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_DEVICE_CLASS,
@@ -9,15 +10,15 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_ID,
     CONF_MQTT_ID,
     CONF_ON_EVENT,
+    CONF_WEB_SERVER,
     DEVICE_CLASS_BUTTON,
     DEVICE_CLASS_DOORBELL,
     DEVICE_CLASS_EMPTY,
     DEVICE_CLASS_MOTION,
 )
-from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority, entity_helpers
+from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.core.entity_helpers import (
     entity_duplicate_validator,
-    mqtt_component_class,
     queue_entity_register,
     setup_device_class,
     setup_entity,
@@ -43,13 +44,11 @@ EventPtr = Event.operator("ptr")
 validate_device_class = cv.one_of(*DEVICE_CLASSES, lower=True, space="_")
 
 _EVENT_SCHEMA = (
-    cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(entity_helpers.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
+    cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(web_server.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
     .extend(cv.MQTT_COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
     .extend(
         {
-            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(
-                mqtt_component_class("MQTTEventComponent")
-            ),
+            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(mqtt.MQTTEventComponent),
             cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(Event),
             cv.Optional(
                 CONF_DEVICE_CLASS, visibility=cv.Visibility.ADVANCED
@@ -105,7 +104,12 @@ async def setup_event_core_(
 
     setup_device_class(config)
 
-    await entity_helpers.setup_entity_integrations(var, config)
+    if mqtt_id := config.get(CONF_MQTT_ID):
+        mqtt_ = cg.new_Pvariable(mqtt_id, var)
+        await mqtt.register_mqtt_component(mqtt_, config)
+
+    if web_server_config := config.get(CONF_WEB_SERVER):
+        await web_server.add_entity_config(var, web_server_config)
 
 
 async def register_event(

esphome/components/ezo_pmp/ezo_pmp.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include "ezo_pmp.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
-#include "esphome/core/progmem.h"
 
 namespace esphome::ezo_pmp {
 
@@ -32,24 +31,11 @@ static const uint16_t EZO_PMP_COMMAND_READ_ABSOLUTE_TOTAL_VOLUME_DOSED = 65;
 static const uint16_t EZO_PMP_COMMAND_READ_CALIBRATION_STATUS = 129;
 static const uint16_t EZO_PMP_COMMAND_READ_PUMP_VOLTAGE = 257;
 
-#ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
-enum DosingMode : uint8_t {
-  DOSING_MODE_NONE,
-  DOSING_MODE_VOLUME,
-  DOSING_MODE_VOLUME_OVER_TIME,
-  DOSING_MODE_CONSTANT_FLOW_RATE,
-  DOSING_MODE_CONTINUOUS,
-};
-PROGMEM_STRING_TABLE(DosingModeStrings, "None", "Volume", "Volume/Time", "Constant Flow Rate", "Continuous");
-
-static void publish_dosing_mode(text_sensor::TextSensor *sensor, DosingMode mode) {
-  if (sensor == nullptr)
-    return;
-  const ProgmemStr name = DosingModeStrings::get_progmem_str(mode, DOSING_MODE_NONE);
-  if (ESPHOME_strcmp_P(sensor->state.c_str(), reinterpret_cast<ESPHOME_PGM_P>(name)) != 0)
-    sensor->publish_state(name);
-}
-#endif
+static const std::string DOSING_MODE_NONE = "None";
+static const std::string DOSING_MODE_VOLUME = "Volume";
+static const std::string DOSING_MODE_VOLUME_OVER_TIME = "Volume/Time";
+static const std::string DOSING_MODE_CONSTANT_FLOW_RATE = "Constant Flow Rate";
+static const std::string DOSING_MODE_CONTINUOUS = "Continuous";
 
 void EzoPMP::dump_config() {
   LOG_I2C_DEVICE(this);
@@ -226,7 +212,8 @@ void EzoPMP::read_command_result_() {
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
       if (!this->is_dosing_flag_ && !this->is_paused_flag_) {
         // If pump is not paused and not dispensing
-        publish_dosing_mode(this->dosing_mode_, DOSING_MODE_NONE);
+        if (this->dosing_mode_ && this->dosing_mode_->state != DOSING_MODE_NONE)
+          this->dosing_mode_->publish_state(DOSING_MODE_NONE);
       }
 #endif
 
@@ -298,25 +285,29 @@ void EzoPMP::read_command_result_() {
 
     case EZO_PMP_COMMAND_DOSE_VOLUME:  // Volume Dispensing (page 55)
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
-      publish_dosing_mode(this->dosing_mode_, DOSING_MODE_VOLUME);
+      if (this->dosing_mode_ && this->dosing_mode_->state != DOSING_MODE_VOLUME)
+        this->dosing_mode_->publish_state(DOSING_MODE_VOLUME);
 #endif
       break;
 
     case EZO_PMP_COMMAND_DOSE_VOLUME_OVER_TIME:  // Dose over time (page 56)
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
-      publish_dosing_mode(this->dosing_mode_, DOSING_MODE_VOLUME_OVER_TIME);
+      if (this->dosing_mode_ && this->dosing_mode_->state != DOSING_MODE_VOLUME_OVER_TIME)
+        this->dosing_mode_->publish_state(DOSING_MODE_VOLUME_OVER_TIME);
 #endif
       break;
 
     case EZO_PMP_COMMAND_DOSE_WITH_CONSTANT_FLOW_RATE:  // Constant Flow Rate (page 57)
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
-      publish_dosing_mode(this->dosing_mode_, DOSING_MODE_CONSTANT_FLOW_RATE);
+      if (this->dosing_mode_ && this->dosing_mode_->state != DOSING_MODE_CONSTANT_FLOW_RATE)
+        this->dosing_mode_->publish_state(DOSING_MODE_CONSTANT_FLOW_RATE);
 #endif
       break;
 
     case EZO_PMP_COMMAND_DOSE_CONTINUOUSLY:  // Continuous Dispensing (page 54)
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
-      publish_dosing_mode(this->dosing_mode_, DOSING_MODE_CONTINUOUS);
+      if (this->dosing_mode_ && this->dosing_mode_->state != DOSING_MODE_CONTINUOUS)
+        this->dosing_mode_->publish_state(DOSING_MODE_CONTINUOUS);
 #endif
       break;
 
@@ -327,7 +318,8 @@ void EzoPMP::read_command_result_() {
         this->is_paused_->publish_state(this->is_paused_flag_);
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
-      publish_dosing_mode(this->dosing_mode_, DOSING_MODE_NONE);
+      if (this->dosing_mode_ && this->dosing_mode_->state != DOSING_MODE_NONE)
+        this->dosing_mode_->publish_state(DOSING_MODE_NONE);
 #endif
       break;
 

esphome/components/fan/__init__.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from esphome import automation
 from esphome.automation import maybe_simple_id
 import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components import mqtt, web_server
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_DIRECTION,
@@ -28,11 +29,11 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_SPEED_LEVEL_STATE_TOPIC,
     CONF_SPEED_STATE_TOPIC,
     CONF_TRIGGER_ID,
+    CONF_WEB_SERVER,
 )
-from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority, entity_helpers
+from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.core.entity_helpers import (
     entity_duplicate_validator,
-    mqtt_component_class,
     queue_entity_register,
     setup_entity,
 )
@@ -77,16 +78,14 @@ FanPresetSetTrigger = fan_ns.class_(
 )
 
 _FAN_SCHEMA = (
-    cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(entity_helpers.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
+    cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(web_server.WEBSERVER_SORTING_SCHEMA)
     .extend(cv.MQTT_COMMAND_COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
     .extend(
         {
             cv.Optional(CONF_RESTORE_MODE, default="ALWAYS_OFF"): cv.enum(
                 RESTORE_MODES, upper=True, space="_"
             ),
-            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(
-                mqtt_component_class("MQTTFanComponent")
-            ),
+            cv.OnlyWith(CONF_MQTT_ID, "mqtt"): cv.declare_id(mqtt.MQTTFanComponent),
             cv.Optional(CONF_DIRECTION_STATE_TOPIC): cv.All(
                 cv.requires_component("mqtt"), cv.publish_topic
             ),
@@ -241,8 +240,10 @@ _TRIGGER_AUTOMATIONS = (
 async def setup_fan_core_(var, config):
     cg.add(var.set_restore_mode(config[CONF_RESTORE_MODE]))
 
-    mqtt_ = await entity_helpers.setup_entity_integrations(var, config)
-    if mqtt_ is not None:
+    if (mqtt_id := config.get(CONF_MQTT_ID)) is not None:
+        mqtt_ = cg.new_Pvariable(mqtt_id, var)
+        await mqtt.register_mqtt_component(mqtt_, config)
+
         if (
             direction_state_topic := config.get(CONF_DIRECTION_STATE_TOPIC)
         ) is not None:
@@ -276,6 +277,9 @@ async def setup_fan_core_(var, config):
         if (speed_command_topic := config.get(CONF_SPEED_COMMAND_TOPIC)) is not None:
             cg.add(mqtt_.set_custom_speed_command_topic(speed_command_topic))
 
+    if web_server_config := config.get(CONF_WEB_SERVER):
+        await web_server.add_entity_config(var, web_server_config)
+
     for conf in config.get(CONF_ON_STATE, []):
         await automation.build_parent_callback_automation(
             var, "add_on_state_callback", (Fan.operator("ptr"), "x"), conf

esphome/components/haier/button/__init__.py

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import button
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from ..climate import CONF_HAIER_ID, HonClimate
+from ..climate import CONF_HAIER_ID, HonClimate, haier_ns
 
 CODEOWNERS = ["@paveldn"]
+SelfCleaningButton = haier_ns.class_("SelfCleaningButton", button.Button)
+SteriCleaningButton = haier_ns.class_("SteriCleaningButton", button.Button)
 
 
 # Haier buttons
@@ -18,18 +20,19 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
     {
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_HAIER_ID): cv.use_id(HonClimate),
         cv.Optional(CONF_SELF_CLEANING): button.button_schema(
-            button.ApplyButton,
+            SelfCleaningButton,
             icon=ICON_SPRAY_BOTTLE,
         ),
         cv.Optional(CONF_STERI_CLEANING): button.button_schema(
-            button.ApplyButton,
+            SteriCleaningButton,
             icon=ICON_SPRAY_BOTTLE,
         ),
     }
 )
 
 
-async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    buttons = button.sub_buttons(config, parent=config[CONF_HAIER_ID])
-    await buttons(CONF_SELF_CLEANING, None, apply="start_self_cleaning()")
-    await buttons(CONF_STERI_CLEANING, None, apply="start_steri_cleaning()")
+async def to_code(config):
+    for button_type in [CONF_SELF_CLEANING, CONF_STERI_CLEANING]:
+        if conf := config.get(button_type):
+            btn = await button.new_button(conf)
+            await cg.register_parented(btn, config[CONF_HAIER_ID])

esphome/components/haier/button/self_cleaning.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "self_cleaning.h"
+
+namespace esphome::haier {
+
+void SelfCleaningButton::press_action() { this->parent_->start_self_cleaning(); }
+
+}  // namespace esphome::haier

esphome/components/haier/button/self_cleaning.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../hon_climate.h"
+
+namespace esphome::haier {
+
+class SelfCleaningButton final : public button::Button, public Parented<HonClimate> {
+ public:
+  SelfCleaningButton() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::haier

esphome/components/haier/button/steri_cleaning.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "steri_cleaning.h"
+
+namespace esphome::haier {
+
+void SteriCleaningButton::press_action() { this->parent_->start_steri_cleaning(); }
+
+}  // namespace esphome::haier

esphome/components/haier/button/steri_cleaning.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../hon_climate.h"
+
+namespace esphome::haier {
+
+class SteriCleaningButton final : public button::Button, public Parented<HonClimate> {
+ public:
+  SteriCleaningButton() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::haier

esphome/components/hoermann_hcp/button/__init__.py

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
+import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import button
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import ICON_AIR_FILTER
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_HOERMANN_HCP_ID, HoermannHcp
+from .. import CONF_HOERMANN_HCP_ID, HoermannHcp, hoermann_hcp_ns
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["hoermann_hcp"]
 
@@ -12,6 +13,10 @@ CONF_VENT = "vent"
 
 ICON_GARAGE_OPEN_VARIANT = "mdi:garage-open-variant"
 
+HoermannHcpVentButton = hoermann_hcp_ns.class_("HoermannHcpVentButton", button.Button)
+HoermannHcpHalfOpenButton = hoermann_hcp_ns.class_(
+    "HoermannHcpHalfOpenButton", button.Button
+)
 
 BUTTON_KEYS = (CONF_VENT, CONF_HALF_OPEN)
 
@@ -20,10 +25,10 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
         {
             cv.GenerateID(CONF_HOERMANN_HCP_ID): cv.use_id(HoermannHcp),
             cv.Optional(CONF_VENT): button.button_schema(
-                button.ApplyButton, icon=ICON_AIR_FILTER
+                HoermannHcpVentButton, icon=ICON_AIR_FILTER
             ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_HALF_OPEN): button.button_schema(
-                button.ApplyButton, icon=ICON_GARAGE_OPEN_VARIANT
+                HoermannHcpHalfOpenButton, icon=ICON_GARAGE_OPEN_VARIANT
             ),
         }
     ),
@@ -32,6 +37,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
 
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    buttons = button.sub_buttons(config, parent=config[CONF_HOERMANN_HCP_ID])
-    await buttons(CONF_VENT, None, apply="vent_door()")
-    await buttons(CONF_HALF_OPEN, None, apply="half_open_door()")
+    parent = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_HOERMANN_HCP_ID])
+    for key in BUTTON_KEYS:
+        if (conf := config.get(key)) is not None:
+            await button.new_button(conf, parent)

esphome/components/hoermann_hcp/button/hoermann_hcp_button.h

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../hoermann_hcp.h"
+
+namespace esphome::hoermann_hcp {
+
+// The door commands the cover has no equivalent for. A refused command is already reported by the hub and
+// leaves nothing to correct here, because a button carries no state of its own.
+class HoermannHcpButton : public button::Button {
+ public:
+  explicit HoermannHcpButton(HoermannHcp *parent) : parent_(parent) {}
+
+ protected:
+  HoermannHcp *const parent_;
+};
+
+class HoermannHcpVentButton final : public HoermannHcpButton {
+ public:
+  using HoermannHcpButton::HoermannHcpButton;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override { this->parent_->vent_door(); }
+};
+
+class HoermannHcpHalfOpenButton final : public HoermannHcpButton {
+ public:
+  using HoermannHcpButton::HoermannHcpButton;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override { this->parent_->half_open_door(); }
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::hoermann_hcp

esphome/components/htu21d/htu21d.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "htu21d.h"
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
+#include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
 namespace esphome::htu21d {
 
@@ -112,11 +113,7 @@ void HTU21DComponent::set_heater(bool status) {
     this->status_set_warning();
     return;
   }
-  if (status) {
-    raw_heater |= (1 << HTU21D_REG_HTRE_BIT);
-  } else {
-    raw_heater &= ~(1 << HTU21D_REG_HTRE_BIT);
-  }
+  assign_bits(raw_heater, 1 << HTU21D_REG_HTRE_BIT, status);
   if (this->write_register(HTU21D_WRITERHT_REG_CMD, &raw_heater, 1) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
     this->status_set_warning();
     return;

esphome/components/i2c/__init__.py

@@ -41,13 +41,11 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_FREQUENCY,
     CONF_I2C_ID,
     CONF_ID,
-    CONF_INVERTED,
     CONF_LOW_POWER_MODE,
     CONF_SCAN,
     CONF_SCL,
     CONF_SDA,
     CONF_TIMEOUT,
-    PLATFORM_BK72XX,
     PLATFORM_ESP32,
     PLATFORM_ESP8266,
     PLATFORM_HOST,
@@ -70,7 +68,6 @@ ArduinoI2CBus = i2c_ns.class_("ArduinoI2CBus", InternalI2CBus, cg.Component)
 IDFI2CBus = i2c_ns.class_("IDFI2CBus", InternalI2CBus, cg.Component)
 ZephyrI2CBus = i2c_ns.class_("ZephyrI2CBus", I2CBus, cg.Component)
 HostI2CBus = i2c_ns.class_("HostI2CBus", I2CBus, cg.Component)
-SoftwareI2CBus = i2c_ns.class_("SoftwareI2CBus", I2CBus, cg.Component)
 I2CDevice = i2c_ns.class_("I2CDevice")
 
 ESP32_I2C_CAPABILITIES = {
@@ -111,8 +108,6 @@ def validate_device(value: str) -> str:
 def _bus_declare_type(value: Any) -> ID:
     if CORE.is_esp32:
         return cv.declare_id(IDFI2CBus)(value)
-    if CORE.is_libretiny:
-        return cv.declare_id(SoftwareI2CBus)(value)
     if CORE.using_arduino:
         return cv.declare_id(ArduinoI2CBus)(value)
     if CORE.using_zephyr:
@@ -133,28 +128,7 @@ def _rp2040_i2c_controller(pin: int) -> int:
     return (pin // 2) % 2
 
 
-def _i2c_pin_number(value: Any) -> Any:
-    # The software bus on LibreTiny drives the pins through the GPIO pin objects and
-    # switches them between input with pull-up and output at runtime.
-    if CORE.is_libretiny:
-        return pins.internal_gpio_input_pullup_pin_schema(value)
-    return pins.internal_gpio_pin_number(value)
-
-
 def validate_config(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
-    if CORE.is_libretiny:
-        if int(config[CONF_FREQUENCY]) < 1:
-            raise cv.Invalid("The frequency must be at least 1Hz", [CONF_FREQUENCY])
-        # no default pins on LibreTiny, the bus is bit-banged on any two GPIOs
-        for key in (CONF_SDA, CONF_SCL):
-            if key not in config:
-                raise cv.Invalid(f"'{key}' is required on this platform", [key])
-            if config[key].get(CONF_INVERTED):
-                # the software bus pulls a line low by writing a low level to the pin
-                raise cv.Invalid(
-                    f"'{CONF_INVERTED}' is not supported on the I2C pins",
-                    [key, CONF_INVERTED],
-                )
     if CORE.is_esp32:
         return cv.require_framework_version(
             esp_idf=cv.Version(5, 4, 2), esp32_arduino=cv.Version(3, 2, 1)
@@ -207,7 +181,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
                 esp8266="SDA",
                 rp2="SDA",
                 nrf52="SDA",
-            ): _i2c_pin_number,
+            ): pins.internal_gpio_pin_number,
             cv.SplitDefault(CONF_SDA_PULLUP_ENABLED, esp32=True): cv.All(
                 cv.only_on_esp32, cv.boolean
             ),
@@ -217,7 +191,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
                 esp8266="SCL",
                 rp2="SCL",
                 nrf52="SCL",
-            ): _i2c_pin_number,
+            ): pins.internal_gpio_pin_number,
             cv.SplitDefault(CONF_SCL_PULLUP_ENABLED, esp32=True): cv.All(
                 cv.only_on_esp32, cv.boolean
             ),
@@ -228,7 +202,6 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
                 rp2="50kHz",
                 nrf52="100kHz",
                 host="50kHz",
-                bk72xx="100kHz",
             ): cv.All(
                 cv.frequency,
                 cv.float_range(min=0, min_included=False),
@@ -252,7 +225,6 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
     ).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA),
     cv.only_on(
         [
-            PLATFORM_BK72XX,
             PLATFORM_ESP32,
             PLATFORM_ESP8266,
             PLATFORM_RP2,
@@ -371,16 +343,6 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
             cg.add(var.set_timeout(int(config[CONF_TIMEOUT].total_microseconds)))
         if CONF_LOW_POWER_MODE in config:
             cg.add(var.set_lp_mode(bool(config[CONF_LOW_POWER_MODE])))
-    elif CORE.is_libretiny:
-        var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
-        await cg.register_component(var, config)
-
-        cg.add(var.set_sda_pin(await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_SDA])))
-        cg.add(var.set_scl_pin(await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_SCL])))
-        cg.add(var.set_frequency(int(config[CONF_FREQUENCY])))
-        cg.add(var.set_scan(config[CONF_SCAN]))
-        if CONF_TIMEOUT in config:
-            cg.add(var.set_timeout(int(config[CONF_TIMEOUT].total_microseconds)))
     else:
         var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
         await cg.register_component(var, config)
@@ -500,6 +462,7 @@ _platform_filter = filter_source_files_from_platform(
         "i2c_bus_arduino.cpp": {
             PlatformFramework.ESP8266_ARDUINO,
             PlatformFramework.RP2_ARDUINO,
+            PlatformFramework.BK72XX_ARDUINO,
             PlatformFramework.RTL87XX_ARDUINO,
             PlatformFramework.LN882X_ARDUINO,
         },
@@ -507,7 +470,6 @@ _platform_filter = filter_source_files_from_platform(
             PlatformFramework.ESP32_ARDUINO,
             PlatformFramework.ESP32_IDF,
         },
-        "i2c_bus_software.cpp": {PlatformFramework.BK72XX_ARDUINO},
         "i2c_bus_zephyr.cpp": {PlatformFramework.NRF52_ZEPHYR},
         "i2c_bus_host.cpp": {PlatformFramework.HOST_NATIVE},
     }

esphome/components/i2c/i2c_bus_software.cpp

@@ -1,265 +0,0 @@
-#ifdef USE_LIBRETINY
-
-#include "i2c_bus_software.h"
-#include <cinttypes>
-#include "esphome/core/hal.h"
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
-
-namespace esphome::i2c {
-
-ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "i2c.software");
-
-// Maximum bytes to log in hex format (truncates larger transfers)
-static constexpr size_t I2C_MAX_LOG_BYTES = 32;
-// Clock pulses used to free a device that is holding SDA low
-static constexpr uint8_t RECOVERY_CLOCK_PULSES = 9;
-
-// A line is released by switching the pin to input with pull-up and pulled low by driving it as output.
-static inline void release_line(InternalGPIOPin *pin) { pin->pin_mode(gpio::FLAG_INPUT | gpio::FLAG_PULLUP); }
-static inline void pull_line_low(InternalGPIOPin *pin) {
-  pin->digital_write(false);
-  pin->pin_mode(gpio::FLAG_OUTPUT);
-}
-
-void SoftwareI2CBus::setup() {
-  this->update_half_period_();
-  this->sda_pin_->setup();
-  this->scl_pin_->setup();
-  release_line(this->sda_pin_);
-  release_line(this->scl_pin_);
-  if (!this->recover_()) {
-    // A line that stays low would be read as an ACK for every address and as zero data
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "SDA or SCL is held low, the bus cannot be used");
-    this->mark_failed();
-    return;
-  }
-  this->initialized_ = true;
-  if (this->scan_) {
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Scanning bus for active devices");
-    this->i2c_scan_();
-  }
-}
-
-void SoftwareI2CBus::dump_config() {
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "I2C Bus (software):");
-  LOG_PIN("  SDA Pin: ", this->sda_pin_);
-  LOG_PIN("  SCL Pin: ", this->scl_pin_);
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
-                "  Frequency: %" PRIu32 " Hz\n"
-                "  Clock stretch timeout: %" PRIu32 " us",
-                this->frequency_, this->timeout_);
-  if (this->recovered_) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Recovery: bus successfully recovered");
-  }
-  if (this->scan_) {
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Results from bus scan:");
-    if (this->scan_results_.empty()) {
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Found no devices");
-    } else {
-      for (const auto &s : this->scan_results_) {
-        if (s.second) {
-          ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Found device at address 0x%02X", s.first);
-        } else {
-          ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Unknown error at address 0x%02X", s.first);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-// Half of one clock period in microseconds, rounded up. The frequency is validated to be non-zero.
-void SoftwareI2CBus::update_half_period_() {
-  this->half_period_us_ = (500000 + this->frequency_ - 1) / this->frequency_;
-}
-
-#ifdef I2C_PORT_FREQUENCY_COUNT
-ErrorCode SoftwareI2CBus::switch_frequency(uint32_t frequency) {
-  if (frequency == 0)
-    return ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
-  this->frequency_ = frequency;
-  this->update_half_period_();
-  return ERROR_OK;
-}
-#endif
-
-bool SoftwareI2CBus::recover_() {
-  this->timed_out_ = false;
-  // A device may still be stretching the clock, give SCL the configured time to rise before looking at SDA
-  this->release_scl_();
-  // A device that was interrupted in the middle of a transfer can hold SDA low; clock it out.
-  bool clocked = false;
-  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < RECOVERY_CLOCK_PULSES && !this->sda_pin_->digital_read(); i++) {
-    pull_line_low(this->scl_pin_);
-    delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-    // wait for the rising edge, the device may stretch the clock
-    if (!this->release_scl_())
-      break;
-    delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-    clocked = true;
-  }
-  bool ok = this->sda_pin_->digital_read() && this->scl_pin_->digital_read();
-  if (ok && clocked) {
-    // end the interrupted transfer with a STOP so every device returns to idle
-    this->recovered_ = true;
-    pull_line_low(this->sda_pin_);
-    delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-    release_line(this->scl_pin_);
-    delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-    release_line(this->sda_pin_);
-  }
-  if (!ok) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Bus recovery failed, a line is held low");
-  }
-  this->timed_out_ = false;
-  return ok;
-}
-
-// Release SCL and wait for it to go high, a device may stretch the clock.
-bool SoftwareI2CBus::release_scl_() {
-  release_line(this->scl_pin_);
-  uint32_t start = micros();
-  while (!this->scl_pin_->digital_read()) {
-    if (micros() - start > this->timeout_) {
-      this->timed_out_ = true;
-      return false;
-    }
-  }
-  return true;
-}
-
-void SoftwareI2CBus::start_() {
-  // Also generates a repeated start when SCL is low and SDA is released
-  release_line(this->sda_pin_);
-  // After a byte the device may still hold SDA low for its ACK. Without SDA being high before SCL rises there is
-  // no falling edge, so the (repeated) start would not be seen. Wait until the device lets go.
-  uint32_t start = micros();
-  while (!this->sda_pin_->digital_read()) {
-    if (micros() - start > this->timeout_) {
-      this->timed_out_ = true;
-      return;
-    }
-  }
-  delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-  this->release_scl_();
-  delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-  pull_line_low(this->sda_pin_);
-  delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-  pull_line_low(this->scl_pin_);
-}
-
-void SoftwareI2CBus::stop_() {
-  if (this->timed_out_) {
-    // SCL is stuck low, a STOP cannot be generated; just release both lines
-    release_line(this->scl_pin_);
-    release_line(this->sda_pin_);
-    return;
-  }
-  pull_line_low(this->sda_pin_);
-  delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-  this->release_scl_();
-  delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-  release_line(this->sda_pin_);
-  delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-}
-
-/// Shift out one byte, returns true if the device acknowledged it.
-bool SoftwareI2CBus::write_byte_(uint8_t data) {
-  for (uint8_t mask = 0x80; mask != 0 && !this->timed_out_; mask >>= 1) {
-    if (data & mask) {
-      release_line(this->sda_pin_);
-    } else {
-      pull_line_low(this->sda_pin_);
-    }
-    delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-    this->release_scl_();
-    delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-    pull_line_low(this->scl_pin_);
-  }
-  if (this->timed_out_)
-    return false;
-  release_line(this->sda_pin_);
-  delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-  if (!this->release_scl_())
-    return false;
-  delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-  bool ack = !this->sda_pin_->digital_read();
-  pull_line_low(this->scl_pin_);
-  return ack;
-}
-
-uint8_t SoftwareI2CBus::read_byte_(bool ack) {
-  uint8_t data = 0;
-  release_line(this->sda_pin_);
-  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 8 && !this->timed_out_; i++) {
-    delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-    this->release_scl_();
-    delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-    data = (data << 1) | (this->sda_pin_->digital_read() ? 1 : 0);
-    pull_line_low(this->scl_pin_);
-  }
-  if (this->timed_out_)
-    return data;
-  if (ack) {
-    pull_line_low(this->sda_pin_);
-  }
-  delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-  this->release_scl_();
-  delayMicroseconds(this->half_period_us_);
-  pull_line_low(this->scl_pin_);
-  release_line(this->sda_pin_);
-  return data;
-}
-
-ErrorCode SoftwareI2CBus::write_readv(uint8_t address, const uint8_t *write_buffer, size_t write_count,
-                                      uint8_t *read_buffer, size_t read_count) {
-  if (!this->initialized_) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "i2c bus not initialized!");
-    return ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED;
-  }
-  // After a failed recovery the bus stays blocked until a later attempt frees both lines
-  if (this->bus_stuck_ && !this->recover_()) {
-    return ERROR_TIMEOUT;
-  }
-  this->bus_stuck_ = false;
-
-  ESP_LOGV_HEX(TAG, write_buffer, write_count, I2C_MAX_LOG_BYTES, "0x%02X TX %s", address);
-
-  this->timed_out_ = false;
-  ErrorCode err = ERROR_OK;
-  this->start_();
-  // An empty transfer only addresses the device (used by the bus scan)
-  if (write_count != 0 || read_count == 0) {
-    if (!this->write_byte_(address << 1)) {
-      err = ERROR_NOT_ACKNOWLEDGED;
-    }
-    for (size_t i = 0; err == ERROR_OK && i < write_count; i++) {
-      if (!this->write_byte_(write_buffer[i])) {
-        ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "TX of byte %u to 0x%02X not acknowledged", (unsigned) i, address);
-        err = ERROR_NOT_ACKNOWLEDGED;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  if (err == ERROR_OK && read_count != 0) {
-    if (write_count != 0) {
-      this->start_();  // repeated start
-    }
-    if (!this->write_byte_((address << 1) | 1)) {
-      err = ERROR_NOT_ACKNOWLEDGED;
-    }
-    for (size_t i = 0; err == ERROR_OK && !this->timed_out_ && i < read_count; i++) {
-      read_buffer[i] = this->read_byte_(i + 1 != read_count);
-    }
-  }
-  this->stop_();
-
-  if (this->timed_out_) {
-    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Bus line held low during transfer to 0x%02X for more than %" PRIu32 " us", address, this->timeout_);
-    this->bus_stuck_ = !this->recover_();
-    return ERROR_TIMEOUT;
-  }
-  return err;
-}
-
-}  // namespace esphome::i2c
-
-#endif  // USE_LIBRETINY

esphome/components/i2c/i2c_bus_software.h

@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#ifdef USE_LIBRETINY
-
-#include "esphome/core/component.h"
-#include "esphome/core/gpio.h"
-#include "i2c_bus.h"
-
-namespace esphome::i2c {
-
-/// Bit-banged I2C controller for LibreTiny chips without an Arduino Wire implementation (BK72xx).
-/// SDA and SCL can be any two GPIO pins; both lines are driven open-drain style (pulled low or released),
-/// so the bus needs pull-ups (the internal pull-up is enabled while released).
-class SoftwareI2CBus final : public I2CBus, public Component {
- public:
-  void setup() override;
-  void dump_config() override;
-  ErrorCode write_readv(uint8_t address, const uint8_t *write_buffer, size_t write_count, uint8_t *read_buffer,
-                        size_t read_count) override;
-  float get_setup_priority() const override { return setup_priority::BUS; }
-
-  void set_scan(bool scan) { this->scan_ = scan; }
-  void set_sda_pin(InternalGPIOPin *sda_pin) { this->sda_pin_ = sda_pin; }
-  void set_scl_pin(InternalGPIOPin *scl_pin) { this->scl_pin_ = scl_pin; }
-  void set_frequency(uint32_t frequency) { this->frequency_ = frequency; }
-#ifdef I2C_PORT_FREQUENCY_COUNT
-  ErrorCode switch_frequency(uint32_t frequency) override;
-  uint32_t get_frequency() const override { return this->frequency_; }
-#endif
-  /// Maximum time in microseconds a device may hold SCL low (clock stretching).
-  void set_timeout(uint32_t timeout) { this->timeout_ = timeout; }
-
- protected:
-  bool recover_();
-  void update_half_period_();
-  void start_();
-  void stop_();
-  bool release_scl_();
-  bool write_byte_(uint8_t data);
-  uint8_t read_byte_(bool ack);
-
-  InternalGPIOPin *sda_pin_{nullptr};
-  InternalGPIOPin *scl_pin_{nullptr};
-  uint32_t frequency_{100000};
-  uint32_t timeout_{1000};
-  uint32_t half_period_us_{5};
-  bool timed_out_{false};
-  bool recovered_{false};
-  bool initialized_{false};
-  bool bus_stuck_{false};
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::i2c
-
-#endif  // USE_LIBRETINY

esphome/components/ld2410/button/__init__.py

@@ -5,26 +5,26 @@ import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_FACTORY_RESET, CONF_ID, CONF_RESTART
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_LD2410_ID, LD2410Component
+from .. import CONF_LD2410_ID, LD2410Component, ld2410_ns
+
+FactoryResetButton = ld2410_ns.class_("FactoryResetButton", button.Button)
+QueryButton = ld2410_ns.class_("QueryButton", button.Button)
+RestartButton = ld2410_ns.class_("RestartButton", button.Button)
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.EntityBase),
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_LD2410_ID): cv.use_id(LD2410Component),
     cv.Optional(CONF_FACTORY_RESET): button.factory_reset_button_schema(
-        button.ApplyButton
+        FactoryResetButton
     ),
-    cv.Optional(CONF_RESTART): button.restart_button_schema(button.ApplyButton),
-    cv.Optional(CONF_QUERY_PARAMS): button.query_button_schema(button.ApplyButton),
+    cv.Optional(CONF_RESTART): button.restart_button_schema(RestartButton),
+    cv.Optional(CONF_QUERY_PARAMS): button.query_button_schema(QueryButton),
 }
 
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_LD2410_ID])
     buttons = button.sub_buttons(config, parent=hub)
-    await buttons(
-        CONF_FACTORY_RESET, hub.set_factory_reset_button, apply="factory_reset()"
-    )
-    await buttons(
-        CONF_RESTART, hub.set_restart_button, apply="restart_and_read_all_info()"
-    )
-    await buttons(CONF_QUERY_PARAMS, hub.set_query_button, apply="read_all_info()")
+    await buttons(CONF_FACTORY_RESET, hub.set_factory_reset_button)
+    await buttons(CONF_RESTART, hub.set_restart_button)
+    await buttons(CONF_QUERY_PARAMS, hub.set_query_button)

esphome/components/ld2410/button/factory_reset_button.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "factory_reset_button.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+void FactoryResetButton::press_action() { this->parent_->factory_reset(); }
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/button/factory_reset_button.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../ld2410.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+class FactoryResetButton final : public button::Button, public Parented<LD2410Component> {
+ public:
+  FactoryResetButton() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/button/query_button.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "query_button.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+void QueryButton::press_action() { this->parent_->read_all_info(); }
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/button/query_button.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../ld2410.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+class QueryButton final : public button::Button, public Parented<LD2410Component> {
+ public:
+  QueryButton() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/button/restart_button.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "restart_button.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+void RestartButton::press_action() { this->parent_->restart_and_read_all_info(); }
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/button/restart_button.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../ld2410.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+class RestartButton final : public button::Button, public Parented<LD2410Component> {
+ public:
+  RestartButton() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.cpp

@@ -9,12 +9,27 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
-#include "esphome/core/progmem.h"
 
 namespace esphome::ld2410 {
 
 ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "ld2410");
 
+enum BaudRate : uint8_t {
+  BAUD_RATE_9600 = 1,
+  BAUD_RATE_19200 = 2,
+  BAUD_RATE_38400 = 3,
+  BAUD_RATE_57600 = 4,
+  BAUD_RATE_115200 = 5,
+  BAUD_RATE_230400 = 6,
+  BAUD_RATE_256000 = 7,
+  BAUD_RATE_460800 = 8,
+};
+
+enum DistanceResolution : uint8_t {
+  DISTANCE_RESOLUTION_0_2 = 0x01,
+  DISTANCE_RESOLUTION_0_75 = 0x00,
+};
+
 enum LightFunction : uint8_t {
   LIGHT_FUNCTION_OFF = 0x00,
   LIGHT_FUNCTION_BELOW = 0x01,
@@ -54,17 +69,73 @@ enum AckData : uint8_t {
   COMMAND_STATUS = 7,
 };
 
-// Index + 1 is the BaudRate value; the select options use the same order
-PROGMEM_STRING_TABLE(BaudRateStrings, "9600", "19200", "38400", "57600", "115200", "230400", "256000", "460800");
-static_assert(BAUD_RATE_9600 == 1 && BAUD_RATE_460800 == BaudRateStrings::COUNT, "BaudRate is index + 1");
-// Same order as DISTANCE_RESOLUTIONS
-PROGMEM_STRING_TABLE(DistanceResolutionStrings, "0.2m", "0.75m");
-// The light function and out pin level select options are in enum order
-static_assert(LIGHT_FUNCTION_OFF == 0 && LIGHT_FUNCTION_BELOW == 1 && LIGHT_FUNCTION_ABOVE == 2,
-              "LightFunction is the select option index");
-static_assert(OUT_PIN_LEVEL_LOW == 0 && OUT_PIN_LEVEL_HIGH == 1, "OutPinLevel is the select option index");
+// Memory-efficient lookup tables
+struct StringToUint8 {
+  const char *str;
+  const uint8_t value;
+};
 
-static constexpr uint32_t BAUD_RATES[] PROGMEM = {9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200, 230400, 256000, 460800};
+struct Uint8ToString {
+  const uint8_t value;
+  const char *str;
+};
+
+constexpr StringToUint8 BAUD_RATES_BY_STR[] = {
+    {"9600", BAUD_RATE_9600},     {"19200", BAUD_RATE_19200},   {"38400", BAUD_RATE_38400},
+    {"57600", BAUD_RATE_57600},   {"115200", BAUD_RATE_115200}, {"230400", BAUD_RATE_230400},
+    {"256000", BAUD_RATE_256000}, {"460800", BAUD_RATE_460800},
+};
+
+constexpr StringToUint8 DISTANCE_RESOLUTIONS_BY_STR[] = {
+    {"0.2m", DISTANCE_RESOLUTION_0_2},
+    {"0.75m", DISTANCE_RESOLUTION_0_75},
+};
+
+constexpr Uint8ToString DISTANCE_RESOLUTIONS_BY_UINT[] = {
+    {DISTANCE_RESOLUTION_0_2, "0.2m"},
+    {DISTANCE_RESOLUTION_0_75, "0.75m"},
+};
+
+constexpr StringToUint8 LIGHT_FUNCTIONS_BY_STR[] = {
+    {"off", LIGHT_FUNCTION_OFF},
+    {"below", LIGHT_FUNCTION_BELOW},
+    {"above", LIGHT_FUNCTION_ABOVE},
+};
+
+constexpr Uint8ToString LIGHT_FUNCTIONS_BY_UINT[] = {
+    {LIGHT_FUNCTION_OFF, "off"},
+    {LIGHT_FUNCTION_BELOW, "below"},
+    {LIGHT_FUNCTION_ABOVE, "above"},
+};
+
+constexpr StringToUint8 OUT_PIN_LEVELS_BY_STR[] = {
+    {"low", OUT_PIN_LEVEL_LOW},
+    {"high", OUT_PIN_LEVEL_HIGH},
+};
+
+constexpr Uint8ToString OUT_PIN_LEVELS_BY_UINT[] = {
+    {OUT_PIN_LEVEL_LOW, "low"},
+    {OUT_PIN_LEVEL_HIGH, "high"},
+};
+
+constexpr uint32_t BAUD_RATES[] = {9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200, 230400, 256000, 460800};
+
+// Helper functions for lookups
+template<size_t N> uint8_t find_uint8(const StringToUint8 (&arr)[N], const char *str) {
+  for (const auto &entry : arr) {
+    if (strcmp(str, entry.str) == 0)
+      return entry.value;
+  }
+  return 0xFF;  // Not found
+}
+
+template<size_t N> const char *find_str(const Uint8ToString (&arr)[N], uint8_t value) {
+  for (const auto &entry : arr) {
+    if (value == entry.value)
+      return entry.str;
+  }
+  return "";  // Not found
+}
 
 // Commands
 static constexpr uint8_t CMD_ENABLE_CONF = 0xFF;
@@ -201,7 +272,20 @@ void LD2410Component::restart_and_read_all_info() {
 }
 
 void LD2410Component::loop() {
-  this->read_available<MAX_LINE_LENGTH>([this](uint8_t b) { this->readline_(b); });
+  // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
+  size_t avail = this->available();
+  uint8_t buf[MAX_LINE_LENGTH];
+  while (avail > 0) {
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
+    if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
+      break;
+    }
+    avail -= to_read;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < to_read; i++) {
+      this->readline_(buf[i]);
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 void LD2410Component::send_command_(uint8_t command, const uint8_t *command_value, uint8_t command_value_len) {
@@ -381,16 +465,11 @@ void LD2410Component::handle_ack_data_() {
       if (this->buffer_pos_ < 11 + HEADER_FOOTER_SIZE) {
         break;  // too short to hold the resolution
       }
-      const auto index = ld24xx::find_index(DISTANCE_RESOLUTIONS, this->buffer_data_[10]);
-      if (!index) {
-        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Unknown distance resolution %u", this->buffer_data_[10]);
-        break;
-      }
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Distance resolution: %s",
-               LOG_STR_ARG(DistanceResolutionStrings::get_log_str(*index, DistanceResolutionStrings::LAST_INDEX)));
+      const auto *distance_resolution = find_str(DISTANCE_RESOLUTIONS_BY_UINT, this->buffer_data_[10]);
+      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Distance resolution: %s", distance_resolution);
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
       if (this->distance_resolution_select_ != nullptr) {
-        this->distance_resolution_select_->publish_state(*index);
+        this->distance_resolution_select_->publish_state(distance_resolution);
       }
 #endif
       break;
@@ -403,14 +482,16 @@ void LD2410Component::handle_ack_data_() {
       this->light_function_ = this->buffer_data_[10];
       this->light_threshold_ = this->buffer_data_[11];
       this->out_pin_level_ = this->buffer_data_[12];
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Light function: %u, threshold: %u, out pin level: %u", this->light_function_,
-               this->light_threshold_, this->out_pin_level_);
+      const auto *light_function_str = find_str(LIGHT_FUNCTIONS_BY_UINT, this->light_function_);
+      const auto *out_pin_level_str = find_str(OUT_PIN_LEVELS_BY_UINT, this->out_pin_level_);
+      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Light function: %s, threshold: %u, out pin level: %s", light_function_str, this->light_threshold_,
+               out_pin_level_str);
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
       if (this->light_function_select_ != nullptr) {
-        this->light_function_select_->publish_state(static_cast<size_t>(this->light_function_));
+        this->light_function_select_->publish_state(light_function_str);
       }
       if (this->out_pin_level_select_ != nullptr) {
-        this->out_pin_level_select_->publish_state(static_cast<size_t>(this->out_pin_level_));
+        this->out_pin_level_select_->publish_state(out_pin_level_str);
       }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
@@ -547,29 +628,15 @@ void LD2410Component::set_bluetooth(bool enable) {
 }
 
 void LD2410Component::set_distance_resolution(const char *state) {
-  const int16_t index = progmem_string_table_find<DistanceResolutionStrings>(state, strlen(state));
-  if (index >= 0) {
-    this->set_distance_resolution(static_cast<DistanceResolution>(progmem_read_byte(&DISTANCE_RESOLUTIONS[index])));
-  }
-}
-
-void LD2410Component::set_distance_resolution(DistanceResolution resolution) {
   this->set_config_mode_(true);
-  const uint8_t cmd_value[2] = {resolution, 0x00};
+  const uint8_t cmd_value[2] = {find_uint8(DISTANCE_RESOLUTIONS_BY_STR, state), 0x00};
   this->send_command_(CMD_SET_DISTANCE_RESOLUTION, cmd_value, sizeof(cmd_value));
   this->set_timeout(200, [this]() { this->restart_and_read_all_info(); });
 }
 
 void LD2410Component::set_baud_rate(const char *state) {
-  const int16_t index = progmem_string_table_find<BaudRateStrings>(state, strlen(state));
-  if (index >= 0) {
-    this->set_baud_rate(static_cast<BaudRate>(index + 1));
-  }
-}
-
-void LD2410Component::set_baud_rate(BaudRate rate) {
   this->set_config_mode_(true);
-  const uint8_t cmd_value[2] = {rate, 0x00};
+  const uint8_t cmd_value[2] = {find_uint8(BAUD_RATES_BY_STR, state), 0x00};
   this->send_command_(CMD_SET_BAUD_RATE, cmd_value, sizeof(cmd_value));
   this->set_timeout(200, [this]() { this->restart_(); });
 }
@@ -648,16 +715,7 @@ void LD2410Component::set_max_distances_timeout() {
   this->set_config_mode_(false);
 }
 
-void LD2410Component::set_gate_threshold(number::Number *n) {
-  // Found by pointer: up to 18 compares per write beat storing the gate in each number
-  uint8_t gate = 0;
-  while (gate < TOTAL_GATES && this->gate_move_threshold_numbers_[gate] != n &&
-         this->gate_still_threshold_numbers_[gate] != n)
-    gate++;
-  if (gate == TOTAL_GATES) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Threshold number is not a known gate");
-    return;
-  }
+void LD2410Component::set_gate_threshold(uint8_t gate) {
   number::Number *motionsens = this->gate_move_threshold_numbers_[gate];
   number::Number *stillsens = this->gate_still_threshold_numbers_[gate];
 
@@ -701,15 +759,11 @@ void LD2410Component::set_light_out_control() {
   }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
-  if (this->light_function_select_ != nullptr) {
-    if (const auto index = this->light_function_select_->active_index()) {
-      this->light_function_ = *index;
-    }
+  if (this->light_function_select_ != nullptr && this->light_function_select_->has_state()) {
+    this->light_function_ = find_uint8(LIGHT_FUNCTIONS_BY_STR, this->light_function_select_->current_option().c_str());
   }
-  if (this->out_pin_level_select_ != nullptr) {
-    if (const auto index = this->out_pin_level_select_->active_index()) {
-      this->out_pin_level_ = *index;
-    }
+  if (this->out_pin_level_select_ != nullptr && this->out_pin_level_select_->has_state()) {
+    this->out_pin_level_ = find_uint8(OUT_PIN_LEVELS_BY_STR, this->out_pin_level_select_->current_option().c_str());
   }
 #endif
   this->set_config_mode_(true);

esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.h

@@ -37,25 +37,6 @@ using namespace ld24xx;
 static constexpr uint8_t MAX_LINE_LENGTH = 50;
 static constexpr uint8_t TOTAL_GATES = 9;  // Total number of gates supported by the LD2410
 
-enum BaudRate : uint8_t {
-  BAUD_RATE_9600 = 1,
-  BAUD_RATE_19200 = 2,
-  BAUD_RATE_38400 = 3,
-  BAUD_RATE_57600 = 4,
-  BAUD_RATE_115200 = 5,
-  BAUD_RATE_230400 = 6,
-  BAUD_RATE_256000 = 7,
-  BAUD_RATE_460800 = 8,
-};
-
-enum DistanceResolution : uint8_t {
-  DISTANCE_RESOLUTION_0_2 = 0x01,
-  DISTANCE_RESOLUTION_0_75 = 0x00,
-};
-
-// Device values of the distance resolution select options, in option order; in flash on ESP8266
-static constexpr uint8_t DISTANCE_RESOLUTIONS[] PROGMEM = {DISTANCE_RESOLUTION_0_2, DISTANCE_RESOLUTION_0_75};
-
 class LD2410Component final : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
 #ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
   SUB_BINARY_SENSOR(out_pin_presence_status)
@@ -106,7 +87,7 @@ class LD2410Component final : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
   void set_gate_still_threshold_number(uint8_t gate, number::Number *n);
   void set_gate_move_threshold_number(uint8_t gate, number::Number *n);
   void set_max_distances_timeout();
-  void set_gate_threshold(number::Number *n);
+  void set_gate_threshold(uint8_t gate);
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
   void set_gate_move_sensor(uint8_t gate, sensor::Sensor *s);
@@ -118,9 +99,7 @@ class LD2410Component final : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
   void restart_and_read_all_info();
   void set_bluetooth(bool enable);
   void set_distance_resolution(const char *state);
-  void set_distance_resolution(DistanceResolution resolution);
   void set_baud_rate(const char *state);
-  void set_baud_rate(BaudRate rate);
   void factory_reset();
 
  protected:

esphome/components/ld2410/number/__init__.py

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-from functools import partial
-
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import number
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
@@ -20,7 +18,11 @@ from esphome.const import (
 )
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_LD2410_ID, LD2410Component
+from .. import CONF_LD2410_ID, LD2410Component, ld2410_ns
+
+GateThresholdNumber = ld2410_ns.class_("GateThresholdNumber", number.Number)
+LightThresholdNumber = ld2410_ns.class_("LightThresholdNumber", number.Number)
+MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber = ld2410_ns.class_("MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber", number.Number)
 
 CONF_MAX_MOVE_DISTANCE_GATE = "max_move_distance_gate"
 CONF_MAX_STILL_DISTANCE_GATE = "max_still_distance_gate"
@@ -33,25 +35,25 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.EntityBase),
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_LD2410_ID): cv.use_id(LD2410Component),
         cv.Inclusive(CONF_TIMEOUT, TIMEOUT_GROUP): number.number_schema(
-            number.ApplyNumber,
+            MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber,
             unit_of_measurement=UNIT_SECOND,
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
             icon=ICON_TIMELAPSE,
         ),
         cv.Inclusive(CONF_MAX_MOVE_DISTANCE_GATE, TIMEOUT_GROUP): number.number_schema(
-            number.ApplyNumber,
+            MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber,
             device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_DISTANCE,
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
             icon=ICON_MOTION_SENSOR,
         ),
         cv.Inclusive(CONF_MAX_STILL_DISTANCE_GATE, TIMEOUT_GROUP): number.number_schema(
-            number.ApplyNumber,
+            MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber,
             device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_DISTANCE,
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
             icon=ICON_MOTION_SENSOR,
         ),
         cv.Optional(CONF_LIGHT_THRESHOLD): number.number_schema(
-            number.ApplyNumber,
+            LightThresholdNumber,
             device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_ILLUMINANCE,
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
             icon=ICON_LIGHTBULB,
@@ -64,14 +66,14 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = CONFIG_SCHEMA.extend(
         cv.Optional(f"g{x}"): cv.Schema(
             {
                 cv.Required(CONF_MOVE_THRESHOLD): number.number_schema(
-                    number.ApplyNumber,
+                    GateThresholdNumber,
                     device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_SIGNAL_STRENGTH,
                     unit_of_measurement=UNIT_PERCENT,
                     entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
                     icon=ICON_MOTION_SENSOR,
                 ),
                 cv.Required(CONF_STILL_THRESHOLD): number.number_schema(
-                    number.ApplyNumber,
+                    GateThresholdNumber,
                     device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_SIGNAL_STRENGTH,
                     unit_of_measurement=UNIT_PERCENT,
                     entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
@@ -87,14 +89,8 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = CONFIG_SCHEMA.extend(
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_LD2410_ID])
     numbers = number.sub_numbers(config, parent=hub)
-    timeouts = {"apply": "set_max_distances_timeout()", "publish": "before"}
     await numbers(
-        CONF_TIMEOUT,
-        hub.set_timeout_number,
-        min_value=0,
-        max_value=65535,
-        step=1,
-        **timeouts,
+        CONF_TIMEOUT, hub.set_timeout_number, min_value=0, max_value=65535, step=1
     )
     await numbers(
         CONF_MAX_MOVE_DISTANCE_GATE,
@@ -102,7 +98,6 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
         min_value=2,
         max_value=8,
         step=1,
-        **timeouts,
     )
     await numbers(
         CONF_MAX_STILL_DISTANCE_GATE,
@@ -110,7 +105,6 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
         min_value=2,
         max_value=8,
         step=1,
-        **timeouts,
     )
     await numbers(
         CONF_LIGHT_THRESHOLD,
@@ -118,25 +112,21 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
         min_value=0,
         max_value=255,
         step=1,
-        apply="set_light_out_control()",
-        publish="before",
     )
-    threshold = {
-        "min_value": 0,
-        "max_value": 100,
-        "step": 1,
-        "apply": "set_gate_threshold(entity)",
-        "publish": "before",
-    }
     for x in range(9):
         if gate_conf := config.get(f"g{x}"):
-            await numbers.create(
-                gate_conf[CONF_MOVE_THRESHOLD],
-                partial(hub.set_gate_move_threshold_number, x),
-                **threshold,
+            move_config = gate_conf[CONF_MOVE_THRESHOLD]
+            n = cg.new_Pvariable(move_config[CONF_ID], x)
+            await number.register_number(
+                n, move_config, min_value=0, max_value=100, step=1
             )
-            await numbers.create(
-                gate_conf[CONF_STILL_THRESHOLD],
-                partial(hub.set_gate_still_threshold_number, x),
-                **threshold,
+            await cg.register_parented(n, hub)
+            cg.add(hub.set_gate_move_threshold_number(x, n))
+
+            still_config = gate_conf[CONF_STILL_THRESHOLD]
+            n = cg.new_Pvariable(still_config[CONF_ID], x)
+            await number.register_number(
+                n, still_config, min_value=0, max_value=100, step=1
             )
+            await cg.register_parented(n, hub)
+            cg.add(hub.set_gate_still_threshold_number(x, n))

esphome/components/ld2410/number/gate_threshold_number.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#include "gate_threshold_number.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+GateThresholdNumber::GateThresholdNumber(uint8_t gate) : gate_(gate) {}
+
+void GateThresholdNumber::control(float value) {
+  this->publish_state(value);
+  this->parent_->set_gate_threshold(this->gate_);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/number/gate_threshold_number.h

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/number/number.h"
+#include "../ld2410.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+class GateThresholdNumber final : public number::Number, public Parented<LD2410Component> {
+ public:
+  GateThresholdNumber(uint8_t gate);
+
+ protected:
+  uint8_t gate_;
+  void control(float value) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/number/light_threshold_number.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "light_threshold_number.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+void LightThresholdNumber::control(float value) {
+  this->publish_state(value);
+  this->parent_->set_light_out_control();
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/number/light_threshold_number.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/number/number.h"
+#include "../ld2410.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+class LightThresholdNumber final : public number::Number, public Parented<LD2410Component> {
+ public:
+  LightThresholdNumber() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void control(float value) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/number/max_distance_timeout_number.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "max_distance_timeout_number.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+void MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber::control(float value) {
+  this->publish_state(value);
+  this->parent_->set_max_distances_timeout();
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/number/max_distance_timeout_number.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/number/number.h"
+#include "../ld2410.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+class MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber final : public number::Number, public Parented<LD2410Component> {
+ public:
+  MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void control(float value) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/select/__init__.py

@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_LD2410_ID])
     selects = select.sub_selects(config, parent=hub)
-    # Option lists follow the order of the C++ enums and tables; the hub maps by index
     await selects(
         CONF_DISTANCE_RESOLUTION,
         hub.set_distance_resolution_select,

esphome/components/ld2410/select/baud_rate_select.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ namespace esphome::ld2410 {
 
 void BaudRateSelect::control(size_t index) {
   this->publish_state(index);
-  this->parent_->set_baud_rate(static_cast<BaudRate>(index + 1));
+  this->parent_->set_baud_rate(this->option_at(index));
 }
 
 }  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/select/distance_resolution_select.cpp

@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@ namespace esphome::ld2410 {
 
 void DistanceResolutionSelect::control(size_t index) {
   this->publish_state(index);
-  this->parent_->set_distance_resolution(
-      static_cast<DistanceResolution>(progmem_read_byte(&DISTANCE_RESOLUTIONS[index])));
+  this->parent_->set_distance_resolution(this->option_at(index));
 }
 
 }  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/switch/__init__.py

@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ from esphome.const import (
 )
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_LD2410_ID, LD2410Component
+from .. import CONF_LD2410_ID, LD2410Component, ld2410_ns
+
+BluetoothSwitch = ld2410_ns.class_("BluetoothSwitch", switch.Switch)
+EngineeringModeSwitch = ld2410_ns.class_("EngineeringModeSwitch", switch.Switch)
 
 CONF_ENGINEERING_MODE = "engineering_mode"
 
@@ -19,13 +22,13 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.EntityBase),
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_LD2410_ID): cv.use_id(LD2410Component),
     cv.Optional(CONF_ENGINEERING_MODE): switch.switch_schema(
-        switch.ApplySwitch,
+        EngineeringModeSwitch,
         device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_SWITCH,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         icon=ICON_PULSE,
     ),
     cv.Optional(CONF_BLUETOOTH): switch.switch_schema(
-        switch.ApplySwitch,
+        BluetoothSwitch,
         device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_SWITCH,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         icon=ICON_BLUETOOTH,
@@ -36,15 +39,5 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_LD2410_ID])
     switches = switch.sub_switches(config, parent=hub)
-    await switches(
-        CONF_ENGINEERING_MODE,
-        hub.set_engineering_mode_switch,
-        apply="set_engineering_mode(state)",
-        publish="before",
-    )
-    await switches(
-        CONF_BLUETOOTH,
-        hub.set_bluetooth_switch,
-        apply="set_bluetooth(state)",
-        publish="before",
-    )
+    await switches(CONF_ENGINEERING_MODE, hub.set_engineering_mode_switch)
+    await switches(CONF_BLUETOOTH, hub.set_bluetooth_switch)

esphome/components/ld2410/switch/bluetooth_switch.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "bluetooth_switch.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+void BluetoothSwitch::write_state(bool state) {
+  this->publish_state(state);
+  this->parent_->set_bluetooth(state);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/switch/bluetooth_switch.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/switch/switch.h"
+#include "../ld2410.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+class BluetoothSwitch final : public switch_::Switch, public Parented<LD2410Component> {
+ public:
+  BluetoothSwitch() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void write_state(bool state) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/switch/engineering_mode_switch.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "engineering_mode_switch.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+void EngineeringModeSwitch::write_state(bool state) {
+  this->publish_state(state);
+  this->parent_->set_engineering_mode(state);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/switch/engineering_mode_switch.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/switch/switch.h"
+#include "../ld2410.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2410 {
+
+class EngineeringModeSwitch final : public switch_::Switch, public Parented<LD2410Component> {
+ public:
+  EngineeringModeSwitch() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void write_state(bool state) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410s/ld2410s.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "ld2410s.h"
 #include "ld2410s_number.h"
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <cstring>
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
@@ -94,8 +95,19 @@ void LD2410SComponent::dump_config() {
 }
 
 void LD2410SComponent::loop() {
-  if (!this->read_available<16>([this](uint8_t b) { this->receive_byte_(b); })) {
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "UART read failed");
+  uint8_t chunk[16];
+  // Take the count once so one pass handles a bounded number of bytes
+  size_t avail = this->available();
+  while (avail > 0) {
+    const size_t len = std::min(avail, sizeof(chunk));
+    if (!this->read_array(chunk, len)) {
+      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "UART read of %u bytes failed", static_cast<unsigned>(len));
+      break;
+    }
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      this->receive_byte_(chunk[i]);
+    }
+    avail -= len;
   }
   const uint32_t now = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
   if (this->sequence_ == nullptr) {

esphome/components/ld2412/button/__init__.py

@@ -11,20 +11,26 @@ from esphome.const import (
 )
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_LD2412_ID, LD2412Component
+from .. import CONF_LD2412_ID, LD2412_ns, LD2412Component
 
+FactoryResetButton = LD2412_ns.class_("FactoryResetButton", button.Button)
+QueryButton = LD2412_ns.class_("QueryButton", button.Button)
+RestartButton = LD2412_ns.class_("RestartButton", button.Button)
+StartDynamicBackgroundCorrectionButton = LD2412_ns.class_(
+    "StartDynamicBackgroundCorrectionButton", button.Button
+)
 CONF_START_DYNAMIC_BACKGROUND_CORRECTION = "start_dynamic_background_correction"
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.EntityBase),
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_LD2412_ID): cv.use_id(LD2412Component),
     cv.Optional(CONF_FACTORY_RESET): button.factory_reset_button_schema(
-        button.ApplyButton
+        FactoryResetButton
     ),
-    cv.Optional(CONF_QUERY_PARAMS): button.query_button_schema(button.ApplyButton),
-    cv.Optional(CONF_RESTART): button.restart_button_schema(button.ApplyButton),
+    cv.Optional(CONF_QUERY_PARAMS): button.query_button_schema(QueryButton),
+    cv.Optional(CONF_RESTART): button.restart_button_schema(RestartButton),
     cv.Optional(CONF_START_DYNAMIC_BACKGROUND_CORRECTION): button.button_schema(
-        button.ApplyButton,
+        StartDynamicBackgroundCorrectionButton,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         icon=ICON_PULSE,
     ),
@@ -34,15 +40,10 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_LD2412_ID])
     buttons = button.sub_buttons(config, parent=hub)
-    await buttons(
-        CONF_FACTORY_RESET, hub.set_factory_reset_button, apply="factory_reset()"
-    )
-    await buttons(CONF_QUERY_PARAMS, hub.set_query_button, apply="read_all_info()")
-    await buttons(
-        CONF_RESTART, hub.set_restart_button, apply="restart_and_read_all_info()"
-    )
+    await buttons(CONF_FACTORY_RESET, hub.set_factory_reset_button)
+    await buttons(CONF_QUERY_PARAMS, hub.set_query_button)
+    await buttons(CONF_RESTART, hub.set_restart_button)
     await buttons(
         CONF_START_DYNAMIC_BACKGROUND_CORRECTION,
         hub.set_start_dynamic_background_correction_button,
-        apply="start_dynamic_background_correction()",
     )

esphome/components/ld2412/button/factory_reset_button.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "factory_reset_button.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+void FactoryResetButton::press_action() { this->parent_->factory_reset(); }
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/button/factory_reset_button.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../ld2412.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+class FactoryResetButton final : public button::Button, public Parented<LD2412Component> {
+ public:
+  FactoryResetButton() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/button/query_button.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "query_button.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+void QueryButton::press_action() { this->parent_->read_all_info(); }
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/button/query_button.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../ld2412.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+class QueryButton final : public button::Button, public Parented<LD2412Component> {
+ public:
+  QueryButton() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/button/restart_button.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "restart_button.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+void RestartButton::press_action() { this->parent_->restart_and_read_all_info(); }
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/button/restart_button.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../ld2412.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+class RestartButton final : public button::Button, public Parented<LD2412Component> {
+ public:
+  RestartButton() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/button/start_dynamic_background_correction_button.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "start_dynamic_background_correction_button.h"
+
+#include "restart_button.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+void StartDynamicBackgroundCorrectionButton::press_action() { this->parent_->start_dynamic_background_correction(); }
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/button/start_dynamic_background_correction_button.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../ld2412.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+class StartDynamicBackgroundCorrectionButton final : public button::Button, public Parented<LD2412Component> {
+ public:
+  StartDynamicBackgroundCorrectionButton() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/ld2412.cpp

@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ static constexpr uint8_t OUT_PIN_LEVELS[] PROGMEM = {OUT_PIN_LEVEL_LOW, OUT_PIN_
 
 static constexpr uint32_t BAUD_RATES[] PROGMEM = {9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200, 230400, 256000, 460800};
 
+static constexpr uint8_t DEFAULT_PRESENCE_TIMEOUT = 5;  // Default used when number component is not defined
 // Commands
 static constexpr uint8_t CMD_ENABLE_CONF = 0xFF;
 static constexpr uint8_t CMD_DISABLE_CONF = 0xFE;
@@ -236,7 +237,20 @@ void LD2412Component::restart_and_read_all_info() {
 }
 
 void LD2412Component::loop() {
-  this->read_available<MAX_LINE_LENGTH>([this](uint8_t b) { this->readline_(b); });
+  // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
+  size_t avail = this->available();
+  uint8_t buf[MAX_LINE_LENGTH];
+  while (avail > 0) {
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
+    if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
+      break;
+    }
+    avail -= to_read;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < to_read; i++) {
+      this->readline_(buf[i]);
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 void LD2412Component::send_command_(uint8_t command, const uint8_t *command_value, uint8_t command_value_len) {
@@ -383,10 +397,8 @@ static inline bool has_value(number::Number *n) { return n != nullptr && n->has_
 
 // Timeout ids 0 (still) and 1 (motion) for a write waiting on a re-query
 static constexpr uint32_t GATE_QUERY_TIMEOUT_ID = 0;
+static constexpr uint32_t GATE_QUERY_TIMEOUT_MS = 2000;
 #endif
-// Timeout id for a basic configuration write waiting on a re-query, and how long any such write waits
-static constexpr uint32_t BASIC_CONF_TIMEOUT_ID = 2;
-static constexpr uint32_t QUERY_TIMEOUT_MS = 2000;
 
 void LD2412Component::handle_ack_data_() {
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Handling ACK DATA for COMMAND %02X", this->buffer_data_[COMMAND]);
@@ -554,44 +566,38 @@ void LD2412Component::handle_ack_data_() {
       break;
     }
 
-    case CMD_QUERY_BASIC_CONF: {  // Query parameters response
+    case CMD_QUERY_BASIC_CONF:  // Query parameters response
+    {
+#ifdef USE_NUMBER
       if (this->buffer_pos_ < 15 + HEADER_FOOTER_SIZE) {
         break;  // too short to hold the configuration
       }
-      // True only while a held-back write waits for this answer
-      const bool pending = this->cancel_timeout(BASIC_CONF_TIMEOUT_ID);
-      this->basic_conf_read_ = true;
-      // Min gate: 9th byte, max gate: 10th byte, timeout: 11~12th bytes, output pin level: 13th byte
-      this->min_gate_ = this->buffer_data_[10];
-      this->max_gate_ = this->buffer_data_[11];
-      this->timeout_ = encode_uint16(this->buffer_data_[13], this->buffer_data_[12]);
+      /*
+        Moving distance range: 9th byte
+        Still distance range: 10th byte
+      */
+      set_number_value(this->min_distance_gate_number_, this->buffer_data_[10]);
+      set_number_value(this->max_distance_gate_number_, this->buffer_data_[11] - 1);
+      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "min_distance_gate_number_: %u, max_distance_gate_number_ %u", this->buffer_data_[10],
+               this->buffer_data_[11]);
+      /*
+        None Duration: 11~12th bytes
+      */
+      set_number_value(this->timeout_number_, encode_uint16(this->buffer_data_[13], this->buffer_data_[12]));
+      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "timeout_number_: %u", encode_uint16(this->buffer_data_[13], this->buffer_data_[12]));
+      /*
+        Output pin configuration: 13th bytes
+      */
       this->out_pin_level_ = this->buffer_data_[14];
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "min_distance_gate_number_: %u, max_distance_gate_number_ %u", this->min_gate_, this->max_gate_);
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "timeout_number_: %u", this->timeout_);
-      // The pending write's user values must survive the answer
-#ifdef USE_NUMBER
-      if (!pending || !has_value(this->min_distance_gate_number_)) {
-        set_number_value(this->min_distance_gate_number_, this->min_gate_);
-      }
-      if (!pending || !has_value(this->max_distance_gate_number_)) {
-        set_number_value(this->max_distance_gate_number_, this->max_gate_ - 1);
-      }
-      if (!pending || !has_value(this->timeout_number_)) {
-        set_number_value(this->timeout_number_, this->timeout_);
-      }
-#endif
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
-      if (this->out_pin_level_select_ != nullptr && !(pending && this->out_pin_level_select_->has_state())) {
+      if (this->out_pin_level_select_ != nullptr) {
         if (const auto index = ld24xx::find_index(OUT_PIN_LEVELS, this->out_pin_level_)) {
           this->out_pin_level_select_->publish_state(*index);
         }
       }
 #endif
-      if (pending) {
-        this->set_basic_config();
-      }
-      break;
-    }
+#endif
+    } break;
     default:
       break;
   }
@@ -697,9 +703,8 @@ void LD2412Component::set_engineering_mode(bool enable) {
 void LD2412Component::factory_reset() {
   this->set_config_mode_(true);
   this->send_command_(CMD_FACTORY_RESET, nullptr, 0);
-  // Reset discards the settings; the next write must wait for the re-read
-  this->basic_conf_read_ = false;
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
+  // Reset discards the thresholds; the next write must wait for the re-read
   this->gate_move_thresholds_.read = false;
   this->gate_still_thresholds_.read = false;
 #endif
@@ -722,22 +727,10 @@ void LD2412Component::get_distance_resolution_() { this->send_command_(CMD_QUERY
 void LD2412Component::query_light_control_() { this->send_command_(CMD_QUERY_LIGHT_CONTROL, nullptr, 0); }
 
 void LD2412Component::set_basic_config() {
-  // Entities that are not configured keep what the module last reported
-  uint8_t min_gate = this->min_gate_;
-  uint8_t max_gate = this->max_gate_;
-  uint16_t timeout = this->timeout_;
-  uint8_t out_pin_level = this->out_pin_level_;
-  bool from_module = false;
-
-#ifdef USE_NUMBER
-  from_module = this->min_distance_gate_number_ == nullptr || this->max_distance_gate_number_ == nullptr ||
-                this->timeout_number_ == nullptr;
-#else
-  from_module = true;
-#endif
-#ifndef USE_SELECT
-  from_module = true;
-#endif
+  uint8_t min_gate = 1;
+  uint8_t max_gate = TOTAL_GATES;
+  uint16_t timeout = DEFAULT_PRESENCE_TIMEOUT;
+  uint8_t out_pin_level = 0x01;
 
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
   if (this->min_distance_gate_number_ != nullptr) {
@@ -762,19 +755,8 @@ void LD2412Component::set_basic_config() {
     if (!index)
       return;
     out_pin_level = progmem_read_byte(&OUT_PIN_LEVELS[*index]);
-  } else {
-    from_module = true;
   }
 #endif
-  if (from_module && !this->basic_conf_read_) {
-    // The module never reported, so the values on hand are the built in defaults
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Command %02X held back until the module reports its settings", CMD_BASIC_CONF);
-    this->set_config_mode_(true);
-    this->query_parameters_();
-    this->set_config_mode_(false);
-    this->set_timeout(BASIC_CONF_TIMEOUT_ID, QUERY_TIMEOUT_MS, [this]() { this->basic_conf_timeout_(); });
-    return;
-  }
 
   uint8_t value[5] = {
       lowbyte(min_gate), lowbyte(max_gate), lowbyte(timeout), highbyte(timeout), out_pin_level,
@@ -784,26 +766,6 @@ void LD2412Component::set_basic_config() {
   this->set_config_mode_(false);
 }
 
-void LD2412Component::basic_conf_timeout_() {
-  ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Command %02X not sent, the module did not report its settings", CMD_BASIC_CONF);
-#ifdef USE_NUMBER
-  // The values on hand never reached the module, so forgetting them loses nothing
-  for (number::Number *n : {this->min_distance_gate_number_, this->max_distance_gate_number_, this->timeout_number_}) {
-    if (n != nullptr) {
-      n->publish_state(NAN);
-    }
-  }
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_SELECT
-  // Show the last known or default level until the module reports one
-  if (this->out_pin_level_select_ != nullptr) {
-    if (const auto index = ld24xx::find_index(OUT_PIN_LEVELS, this->out_pin_level_)) {
-      this->out_pin_level_select_->publish_state(*index);
-    }
-  }
-#endif
-}
-
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
 void LD2412Component::send_gate_thresholds_(bool motion) {
   GateThresholds &group = this->gate_thresholds_(motion);
@@ -821,9 +783,9 @@ void LD2412Component::send_gate_thresholds_(bool motion) {
   }
   if (configured < TOTAL_GATES && !group.read) {
     // Unread gates would go out as zero, which is maximum sensitivity
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Command %02X held back until the module reports its settings", command);
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Command %02X held back until the module reports its gate thresholds", command);
     this->send_command_(motion ? CMD_QUERY_MOTION_GATE_SENS : CMD_QUERY_STATIC_GATE_SENS, nullptr, 0);
-    this->set_timeout(GATE_QUERY_TIMEOUT_ID + motion, QUERY_TIMEOUT_MS,
+    this->set_timeout(GATE_QUERY_TIMEOUT_ID + motion, GATE_QUERY_TIMEOUT_MS,
                       [this, motion]() { this->gate_query_timeout_(motion); });
     return;
   }
@@ -831,7 +793,7 @@ void LD2412Component::send_gate_thresholds_(bool motion) {
 }
 
 void LD2412Component::gate_query_timeout_(bool motion) {
-  ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Command %02X not sent, the module did not report its settings",
+  ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Command %02X not sent, the module did not report its gate thresholds",
            motion ? CMD_MOTION_GATE_SENS : CMD_STATIC_GATE_SENS);
   // The values on hand never reached the module or are stale, so forgetting them loses nothing
   for (number::Number *n : this->gate_thresholds_(motion).numbers) {

esphome/components/ld2412/ld2412.h

@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ using namespace ld24xx;
 
 static constexpr uint8_t MAX_LINE_LENGTH = 54;  // Max characters for serial buffer
 static constexpr uint8_t TOTAL_GATES = 14;      // Total number of gates supported by the LD2412
-static constexpr uint16_t DEFAULT_PRESENCE_TIMEOUT = 5;
 
 enum BaudRate : uint8_t {
   BAUD_RATE_9600 = 1,
@@ -137,7 +136,6 @@ class LD2412Component final : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
   void handle_periodic_data_();
   void handle_ack_data_();
   bool handle_frame_(uint8_t frame_len);
-  void basic_conf_timeout_();
   void readline_(int readch);
   void query_parameters_();
   void get_version_();
@@ -162,12 +160,7 @@ class LD2412Component final : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
 
   uint8_t light_function_ = 0;
   uint8_t light_threshold_ = 0;
-  // Basic configuration as last reported by the module; resent for entities that are not configured
-  bool basic_conf_read_{false};  // answered since boot or the last factory reset
-  uint16_t timeout_ = DEFAULT_PRESENCE_TIMEOUT;
-  uint8_t min_gate_ = 1;
-  uint8_t max_gate_ = TOTAL_GATES;
-  uint8_t out_pin_level_ = 1;
+  uint8_t out_pin_level_ = 0;
   uint8_t buffer_pos_ = 0;  // where to resume processing/populating buffer
   uint8_t buffer_data_[MAX_LINE_LENGTH];
   uint8_t mac_address_[MAC_ADDRESS_SIZE] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};

esphome/components/ld2412/number/__init__.py

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-from functools import partial
-
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import number
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
@@ -20,7 +18,11 @@ from esphome.const import (
 )
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_LD2412_ID, LD2412Component
+from .. import CONF_LD2412_ID, LD2412_ns, LD2412Component
+
+GateThresholdNumber = LD2412_ns.class_("GateThresholdNumber", number.Number)
+LightThresholdNumber = LD2412_ns.class_("LightThresholdNumber", number.Number)
+MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber = LD2412_ns.class_("MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber", number.Number)
 
 CONF_LIGHT_THRESHOLD = "light_threshold"
 CONF_MAX_DISTANCE_GATE = "max_distance_gate"
@@ -33,25 +35,25 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.EntityBase),
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_LD2412_ID): cv.use_id(LD2412Component),
         cv.Optional(CONF_LIGHT_THRESHOLD): number.number_schema(
-            number.ApplyNumber,
+            LightThresholdNumber,
             device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_ILLUMINANCE,
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
             icon=ICON_LIGHTBULB,
         ),
         cv.Optional(CONF_MAX_DISTANCE_GATE): number.number_schema(
-            number.ApplyNumber,
+            MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber,
             device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_DISTANCE,
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
             icon=ICON_MOTION_SENSOR,
         ),
         cv.Optional(CONF_MIN_DISTANCE_GATE): number.number_schema(
-            number.ApplyNumber,
+            MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber,
             device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_DISTANCE,
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
             icon=ICON_MOTION_SENSOR,
         ),
         cv.Optional(CONF_TIMEOUT): number.number_schema(
-            number.ApplyNumber,
+            MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber,
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
             icon=ICON_TIMELAPSE,
             unit_of_measurement=UNIT_SECOND,
@@ -64,14 +66,14 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = CONFIG_SCHEMA.extend(
         cv.Optional(f"gate_{x}"): (
             {
                 cv.Required(CONF_MOVE_THRESHOLD): number.number_schema(
-                    number.ApplyNumber,
+                    GateThresholdNumber,
                     device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_SIGNAL_STRENGTH,
                     entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
                     icon=ICON_MOTION_SENSOR,
                     unit_of_measurement=UNIT_PERCENT,
                 ),
                 cv.Required(CONF_STILL_THRESHOLD): number.number_schema(
-                    number.ApplyNumber,
+                    GateThresholdNumber,
                     device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_SIGNAL_STRENGTH,
                     entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
                     icon=ICON_MOTION_SENSOR,
@@ -93,17 +95,13 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
         min_value=0,
         max_value=255,
         step=1,
-        apply="set_light_out_control()",
-        publish="before",
     )
-    basic = {"apply": "set_basic_config()", "publish": "before"}
     await numbers(
         CONF_MAX_DISTANCE_GATE,
         hub.set_max_distance_gate_number,
         min_value=2,
         max_value=13,
         step=1,
-        **basic,
     )
     await numbers(
         CONF_MIN_DISTANCE_GATE,
@@ -111,32 +109,23 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
         min_value=1,
         max_value=12,
         step=1,
-        **basic,
     )
-    threshold = {
-        "min_value": 0,
-        "max_value": 100,
-        "step": 1,
-        "apply": "set_gate_threshold(entity)",
-        "publish": "before",
-    }
     for x in range(14):
         if gate_conf := config.get(f"gate_{x}"):
-            await numbers.create(
-                gate_conf[CONF_MOVE_THRESHOLD],
-                partial(hub.set_gate_move_threshold_number, x),
-                **threshold,
-            )
-            await numbers.create(
-                gate_conf[CONF_STILL_THRESHOLD],
-                partial(hub.set_gate_still_threshold_number, x),
-                **threshold,
+            move_config = gate_conf[CONF_MOVE_THRESHOLD]
+            n = await number.new_number(move_config, min_value=0, max_value=100, step=1)
+            await cg.register_parented(n, hub)
+            cg.add(hub.set_gate_move_threshold_number(x, n))
+            still_config = gate_conf[CONF_STILL_THRESHOLD]
+            n = await number.new_number(
+                still_config, min_value=0, max_value=100, step=1
             )
+            await cg.register_parented(n, hub)
+            cg.add(hub.set_gate_still_threshold_number(x, n))
     await numbers(
         CONF_TIMEOUT,
         hub.set_timeout_number,
         min_value=0,
         max_value=900,
         step=1,
-        **basic,
     )

esphome/components/ld2412/number/gate_threshold_number.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "gate_threshold_number.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+void GateThresholdNumber::control(float value) {
+  this->publish_state(value);
+  this->parent_->set_gate_threshold(this);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/number/gate_threshold_number.h

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/number/number.h"
+#include "../ld2412.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+class GateThresholdNumber final : public number::Number, public Parented<LD2412Component> {
+ public:
+  // Not "= default": that makes new(p) T() zero-fill the object at every codegen site before the ctor runs.
+  GateThresholdNumber() {}
+
+ protected:
+  void control(float value) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/number/light_threshold_number.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "light_threshold_number.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+void LightThresholdNumber::control(float value) {
+  this->publish_state(value);
+  this->parent_->set_light_out_control();
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/number/light_threshold_number.h

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/number/number.h"
+#include "../ld2412.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+class LightThresholdNumber final : public number::Number, public Parented<LD2412Component> {
+ public:
+  // User provided, not "= default": `new(p) LightThresholdNumber()` would zero-fill .bss that is already zero.
+  LightThresholdNumber() {}
+
+ protected:
+  void control(float value) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/number/max_distance_timeout_number.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "max_distance_timeout_number.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+void MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber::control(float value) {
+  this->publish_state(value);
+  this->parent_->set_basic_config();
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/number/max_distance_timeout_number.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/number/number.h"
+#include "../ld2412.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+class MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber final : public number::Number, public Parented<LD2412Component> {
+ public:
+  MaxDistanceTimeoutNumber() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void control(float value) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/select/__init__.py

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
         icon=ICON_LIGHTBULB,
     ),
     cv.Optional(CONF_OUT_PIN_LEVEL): select.select_schema(
-        select.ApplySelect,
+        LightOutControlSelect,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         icon=ICON_SCALE,
     ),
@@ -77,11 +77,8 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
         hub.set_light_function_select,
         options=["off", "below", "above"],
     )
-    # The pin level travels in the basic configuration command, not the light control one
     await selects(
         CONF_OUT_PIN_LEVEL,
         hub.set_out_pin_level_select,
         options=["low", "high"],
-        apply="set_basic_config()",
-        publish="before",
     )

esphome/components/ld2412/switch/__init__.py

@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ from esphome.const import (
 )
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_LD2412_ID, LD2412Component
+from .. import CONF_LD2412_ID, LD2412_ns, LD2412Component
+
+BluetoothSwitch = LD2412_ns.class_("BluetoothSwitch", switch.Switch)
+EngineeringModeSwitch = LD2412_ns.class_("EngineeringModeSwitch", switch.Switch)
 
 CONF_ENGINEERING_MODE = "engineering_mode"
 
@@ -19,13 +22,13 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.EntityBase),
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_LD2412_ID): cv.use_id(LD2412Component),
     cv.Optional(CONF_BLUETOOTH): switch.switch_schema(
-        switch.ApplySwitch,
+        BluetoothSwitch,
         device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_SWITCH,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         icon=ICON_BLUETOOTH,
     ),
     cv.Optional(CONF_ENGINEERING_MODE): switch.switch_schema(
-        switch.ApplySwitch,
+        EngineeringModeSwitch,
         device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_SWITCH,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         icon=ICON_PULSE,
@@ -36,15 +39,5 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_LD2412_ID])
     switches = switch.sub_switches(config, parent=hub)
-    await switches(
-        CONF_BLUETOOTH,
-        hub.set_bluetooth_switch,
-        apply="set_bluetooth(state)",
-        publish="before",
-    )
-    await switches(
-        CONF_ENGINEERING_MODE,
-        hub.set_engineering_mode_switch,
-        apply="set_engineering_mode(state)",
-        publish="before",
-    )
+    await switches(CONF_BLUETOOTH, hub.set_bluetooth_switch)
+    await switches(CONF_ENGINEERING_MODE, hub.set_engineering_mode_switch)

esphome/components/ld2412/switch/bluetooth_switch.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "bluetooth_switch.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+void BluetoothSwitch::write_state(bool state) {
+  this->publish_state(state);
+  this->parent_->set_bluetooth(state);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/switch/bluetooth_switch.h

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/switch/switch.h"
+#include "../ld2412.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+class BluetoothSwitch final : public switch_::Switch, public Parented<LD2412Component> {
+ public:
+  // User provided, not "= default": `new(p) BluetoothSwitch()` would zero-fill .bss that is already zero.
+  BluetoothSwitch() {}
+
+ protected:
+  void write_state(bool state) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/switch/engineering_mode_switch.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "engineering_mode_switch.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+void EngineeringModeSwitch::write_state(bool state) {
+  this->publish_state(state);
+  this->parent_->set_engineering_mode(state);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/switch/engineering_mode_switch.h

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/switch/switch.h"
+#include "../ld2412.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2412 {
+
+class EngineeringModeSwitch final : public switch_::Switch, public Parented<LD2412Component> {
+ public:
+  // User provided, not "= default": `new(p) EngineeringModeSwitch()` would zero-fill .bss that is already zero.
+  EngineeringModeSwitch() {}
+
+ protected:
+  void write_state(bool state) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2412

esphome/components/ld2420/button/__init__.py

@@ -12,7 +12,12 @@ from esphome.const import (
 )
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_LD2420_ID, LD2420Component
+from .. import CONF_LD2420_ID, LD2420Component, ld2420_ns
+
+LD2420ApplyConfigButton = ld2420_ns.class_("LD2420ApplyConfigButton", button.Button)
+LD2420RevertConfigButton = ld2420_ns.class_("LD2420RevertConfigButton", button.Button)
+LD2420RestartModuleButton = ld2420_ns.class_("LD2420RestartModuleButton", button.Button)
+LD2420FactoryResetButton = ld2420_ns.class_("LD2420FactoryResetButton", button.Button)
 
 CONF_APPLY_CONFIG = "apply_config"
 CONF_REVERT_CONFIG = "revert_config"
@@ -22,24 +27,24 @@ CONF_RESTART_MODULE = "restart_module"
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_LD2420_ID): cv.use_id(LD2420Component),
     cv.Required(CONF_APPLY_CONFIG): button.button_schema(
-        button.ApplyButton,
+        LD2420ApplyConfigButton,
         device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_RESTART,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         icon=ICON_RESTART_ALERT,
     ),
     cv.Optional(CONF_REVERT_CONFIG): button.button_schema(
-        button.ApplyButton,
+        LD2420RevertConfigButton,
         device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_RESTART,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         icon=ICON_RESTART,
     ),
     cv.Optional(CONF_RESTART_MODULE): button.button_schema(
-        button.ApplyButton,
+        LD2420RestartModuleButton,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_DIAGNOSTIC,
         icon=ICON_DATABASE,
     ),
     cv.Optional(CONF_FACTORY_RESET): button.button_schema(
-        button.ApplyButton,
+        LD2420FactoryResetButton,
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         icon=ICON_DATABASE,
     ),
@@ -49,21 +54,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_LD2420_ID])
     buttons = button.sub_buttons(config, parent=hub)
-    await buttons(
-        CONF_APPLY_CONFIG, hub.set_apply_config_button, apply="apply_config_action()"
-    )
-    await buttons(
-        CONF_REVERT_CONFIG,
-        hub.set_revert_config_button,
-        apply="revert_config_action()",
-    )
-    await buttons(
-        CONF_RESTART_MODULE,
-        hub.set_restart_module_button,
-        apply="restart_module_action()",
-    )
-    await buttons(
-        CONF_FACTORY_RESET,
-        hub.set_factory_reset_button,
-        apply="factory_reset_action()",
-    )
+    await buttons(CONF_APPLY_CONFIG, hub.set_apply_config_button)
+    await buttons(CONF_REVERT_CONFIG, hub.set_revert_config_button)
+    await buttons(CONF_RESTART_MODULE, hub.set_restart_module_button)
+    await buttons(CONF_FACTORY_RESET, hub.set_factory_reset_button)

esphome/components/ld2420/button/reconfig_buttons.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#include "reconfig_buttons.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
+#include "esphome/core/log.h"
+
+ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "ld2420.button");
+
+namespace esphome::ld2420 {
+
+void LD2420ApplyConfigButton::press_action() { this->parent_->apply_config_action(); }
+void LD2420RevertConfigButton::press_action() { this->parent_->revert_config_action(); }
+void LD2420RestartModuleButton::press_action() { this->parent_->restart_module_action(); }
+void LD2420FactoryResetButton::press_action() { this->parent_->factory_reset_action(); }
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2420

esphome/components/ld2420/button/reconfig_buttons.h

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../ld2420.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2420 {
+
+class LD2420ApplyConfigButton final : public button::Button, public Parented<LD2420Component> {
+ public:
+  LD2420ApplyConfigButton() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+class LD2420RevertConfigButton final : public button::Button, public Parented<LD2420Component> {
+ public:
+  LD2420RevertConfigButton() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+class LD2420RestartModuleButton final : public button::Button, public Parented<LD2420Component> {
+ public:
+  LD2420RestartModuleButton() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+class LD2420FactoryResetButton final : public button::Button, public Parented<LD2420Component> {
+ public:
+  LD2420FactoryResetButton() = default;
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2420

esphome/components/ld2420/ld2420.cpp

@@ -514,8 +514,20 @@ void LD2420Component::handle_simple_mode_(const uint8_t *inbuf, int len) {
 }
 
 void LD2420Component::read_batch_(std::span<uint8_t, MAX_LINE_LENGTH> buffer) {
-  this->read_available<MAX_LINE_LENGTH>(
-      [this, &buffer](uint8_t b) { this->readline_(b, buffer.data(), buffer.size()); });
+  // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
+  size_t avail = this->available();
+  uint8_t buf[MAX_LINE_LENGTH];
+  while (avail > 0) {
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
+    if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
+      break;
+    }
+    avail -= to_read;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < to_read; i++) {
+      this->readline_(buf[i], buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 void LD2420Component::handle_ack_data_(uint8_t *buffer, int len) {

esphome/components/ld2450/button/__init__.py

@@ -4,24 +4,23 @@ import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_FACTORY_RESET, CONF_ID, CONF_RESTART
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_LD2450_ID, LD2450Component
+from .. import CONF_LD2450_ID, LD2450Component, ld2450_ns
+
+FactoryResetButton = ld2450_ns.class_("FactoryResetButton", button.Button)
+RestartButton = ld2450_ns.class_("RestartButton", button.Button)
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.EntityBase),
     cv.GenerateID(CONF_LD2450_ID): cv.use_id(LD2450Component),
     cv.Optional(CONF_FACTORY_RESET): button.factory_reset_button_schema(
-        button.ApplyButton
+        FactoryResetButton
     ),
-    cv.Optional(CONF_RESTART): button.restart_button_schema(button.ApplyButton),
+    cv.Optional(CONF_RESTART): button.restart_button_schema(RestartButton),
 }
 
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_LD2450_ID])
     buttons = button.sub_buttons(config, parent=hub)
-    await buttons(
-        CONF_FACTORY_RESET, hub.set_factory_reset_button, apply="factory_reset()"
-    )
-    await buttons(
-        CONF_RESTART, hub.set_restart_button, apply="restart_and_read_all_info()"
-    )
+    await buttons(CONF_FACTORY_RESET, hub.set_factory_reset_button)
+    await buttons(CONF_RESTART, hub.set_restart_button)

esphome/components/ld2450/button/factory_reset_button.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "factory_reset_button.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2450 {
+
+void FactoryResetButton::press_action() { this->parent_->factory_reset(); }
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2450

esphome/components/ld2450/button/factory_reset_button.h

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../ld2450.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2450 {
+
+class FactoryResetButton : public button::Button, public Parented<LD2450Component> {
+ public:
+  // User provided, not "= default": `new(p) FactoryResetButton()` would zero-fill .bss that is already zero.
+  FactoryResetButton() {}
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2450

esphome/components/ld2450/button/restart_button.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "restart_button.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2450 {
+
+void RestartButton::press_action() { this->parent_->restart_and_read_all_info(); }
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2450

esphome/components/ld2450/button/restart_button.h

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/button/button.h"
+#include "../ld2450.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ld2450 {
+
+class RestartButton : public button::Button, public Parented<LD2450Component> {
+ public:
+  // User provided, not "= default": `new(p) RestartButton()` would zero-fill .bss that is already zero.
+  RestartButton() {}
+
+ protected:
+  void press_action() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ld2450

esphome/components/ld2450/ld2450.cpp

@@ -227,7 +227,20 @@ void LD2450Component::dump_config() {
 }
 
 void LD2450Component::loop() {
-  this->read_available<MAX_LINE_LENGTH>([this](uint8_t b) { this->readline_(b); });
+  // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
+  size_t avail = this->available();
+  uint8_t buf[MAX_LINE_LENGTH];
+  while (avail > 0) {
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
+    if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
+      break;
+    }
+    avail -= to_read;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < to_read; i++) {
+      this->readline_(buf[i]);
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 // Count targets in zone (single pass for both still and moving)