Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/yaml-edit-apply' into cli-rotate-key

# Conflicts:
#	esphome/yaml_util.py

AGENTS.md

@@ -217,9 +217,10 @@ file does, and it is the authority when they disagree. The most useful starting
         the helper's arguments instead of writing a loop. 7-byte BCD RTC calendars use `time::decode_bcd_calendar<LAYOUT>`
         and `encode_bcd_calendar<LAYOUT>` with `EPSON_BCD_CALENDAR`, `DS_BCD_CALENDAR` or `PCF_BCD_CALENDAR`.
     *   **Bus helpers:** UART drains with `read_available(on_byte)` and `discard_available()`, text lines with
-        `LineReader<N>`; I2C has `update_register`, `write_registers` (PROGMEM `I2CRegValue` table), `check_chip_id`
-        and `read_bytes_16_le`. `if (!this->status_comm_result(ok)) return;` sets or clears the warning.
-        A child sensor that skips repeated values is `SUB_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP(name, type)`.
+        `LineReader<N>`, fixed-length binary frames with `FrameReader<N, HEADER...>`; I2C has `update_register`,
+        `write_registers` (PROGMEM `I2CRegValue` table), `check_chip_id` and `read_bytes_16_le`.
+        `if (!this->status_comm_result(ok)) return;` sets or clears the warning. A child sensor that skips repeated
+        values is `SUB_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP(name, type)`.
     *   **An unset float is `NAN`**, not `optional<float>`; the optional costs 4 to 8 bytes of padding per member.
     *   **`PollingComponent` first runs `update()`** after a random share of the interval; call `this->update()` at the
         end of `setup()` when the entities need a state at boot.
@@ -443,12 +444,16 @@ file does, and it is the authority when they disagree. The most useful starting
           uses `button.ApplyButton` (`switch.ApplySwitch`, `number.ApplyNumber`, `select.ApplySelect`) in its schema
           and `apply=` on the `sub_*` call. The body is a call on the hub with `entity` and `state`, `value` or
           `index`/`option` in scope; on a switch, number or select `publish="before"` or `"after"` publishes the state.
+          `publish="momentary"` is only for legacy action switches (restart, factory reset): it publishes off and runs
+          the body only when turned on. Never use it for a new entity; an action is a button.
           ```python
           switches = switch.sub_switches(config, parent=hub)
           await switches(CONF_BLUETOOTH, None, apply="set_bluetooth(state)", publish="after")
           ```
           Restore an owned or standalone switch in `setup()` with `sw->restore()`, or `restore(default)`
           to still drive a state when the restore mode is disabled.
+          A hub that applies its switches' restored states itself reads `sw->get_initial_write_state()`, which
+          already applies `inverted`.
 
         - **Other codegen helpers:** `uart.new_uart_component(config, *ctor_args)` (and `i2c.new_i2c_component`,
           `spi.new_spi_component`, `modbus.new_modbus_client_component`, `ble_client.new_ble_node_component`)

CODEOWNERS

@@ -196,7 +196,6 @@ esphome/components/ens160_base/* @latonita @vincentscode
 esphome/components/ens160_i2c/* @latonita
 esphome/components/ens160_spi/* @latonita
 esphome/components/ens210/* @itn3rd77
-esphome/components/entity_transport/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/epaper_spi/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/es7210/* @kahrendt
 esphome/components/es7243/* @Chorty

esphome/__main__.py

@@ -2233,6 +2233,12 @@ def command_analyze_memory(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int:
     return 0
 
 
+def command_rotate_key(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int | None:
+    from esphome.cli.rotate_key import command_rotate_key as run
+
+    return run(args, config)
+
+
 def command_rename(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int | None:
     from esphome.cli.rename import command_rename as run
 
@@ -2259,6 +2265,7 @@ POST_CONFIG_ACTIONS = {
     "clean-mqtt": command_clean_mqtt,
     "idedata": command_idedata,
     "rename": command_rename,
+    "rotate-key": command_rotate_key,
     "discover": command_discover,
     "analyze-memory": command_analyze_memory,
     "bundle": command_bundle,
@@ -2656,6 +2663,37 @@ def parse_args(argv):
     )
     parser_rename.add_argument("name", help="The new name for the device.", type=str)
 
+    parser_rotate_key = subparsers.add_parser(
+        "rotate-key",
+        help=(
+            "Change the OTA encryption key over the air: write a new key to the "
+            "yaml, build with it, upload with the current key, confirm."
+        ),
+        parents=[mqtt_options],
+    )
+    parser_rotate_key.add_argument(
+        "configuration", help="Your YAML configuration file.", nargs=1
+    )
+    parser_rotate_key.add_argument(
+        "--device",
+        action="append",
+        help=ARGUMENT_HELP_DEVICE,
+    )
+    parser_rotate_key.add_argument(
+        "--prompt-new-key",
+        action="store_true",
+        help=(
+            "Ask for the new key instead of generating one; read without echo, "
+            "or as one line from stdin when that is not a terminal."
+        ),
+    )
+    parser_rotate_key.add_argument(
+        "-y",
+        "--yes",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Do not ask for confirmation when the api encryption key changes too.",
+    )
+
     parser_analyze_memory = subparsers.add_parser(
         "analyze-memory",
         help="Analyze memory usage by component.",

esphome/build_gen/espidf.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import re
 import textwrap
 
 from esphome.build_helpers import pch
+from esphome.build_helpers.ccache import CCACHE_PCH_MIN_VERSION
 from esphome.components.esp32 import (
     KEY_SRC_CMAKE,
     get_esp32_variant,
@@ -515,7 +516,7 @@ target_link_options(${{COMPONENT_LIB}} PUBLIC
 # Where CMake puts the .gch of the src component; ccache reads the checksum
 # next to it in place of the .gch
 _PCH_SUM_PATH = "build/esp-idf/src/CMakeFiles/__idf_src.dir/cmake_pch.hxx.gch.sum"
-# Where the Windows gate records its choice
+# Where the CMake gate records its choice
 _PCH_CHOICE_VAR = "ESPHOME_PCH"
 
 
@@ -531,16 +532,32 @@ def _pch_cmake_block() -> str:
     block = f"""target_precompile_headers(${{COMPONENT_LIB}} PRIVATE
 {headers}
 )"""
-    if not pch.pch_needs_gcc_check():
+    if pch.pch_forced():
         return f"\n# ESPHome precompiled header\n{block}\n"
-    # Before the first configure only CMake knows the compiler version
-    return f"""
-# ESPHome precompiled header, unless GCC bug 14940 keeps it from loading
-if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "GNU" AND ({pch.PCH_WINDOWS_CMAKE_OLD_GCC}))
+    # Only CMake knows the compiler version before the first configure, and
+    # the ccache IDF found is the one the build runs
+    gcc_gate = ""
+    if pch.pch_needs_gcc_check():
+        gcc_gate = f"""if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "GNU" AND ({pch.PCH_WINDOWS_CMAKE_OLD_GCC}))
   message(STATUS "ESPHome: GCC ${{CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION}} cannot load a precompiled header on Windows; compiling without it")
-  set({_PCH_CHOICE_VAR} OFF CACHE BOOL "ESPHome precompiled header in use" FORCE)
-else()
-  set({_PCH_CHOICE_VAR} ON CACHE BOOL "ESPHome precompiled header in use" FORCE)
+  set(_esphome_pch OFF)
+endif()
+"""
+    min_ccache = ".".join(map(str, CCACHE_PCH_MIN_VERSION))
+    return f"""
+# ESPHome precompiled header, unless a check below rules it out
+set(_esphome_pch ON)
+{gcc_gate}if(CCACHE_ENABLE AND CCACHE_FOUND)
+  execute_process(COMMAND "${{CCACHE_FOUND}}" --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE _esphome_ccache ERROR_QUIET)
+  if(_esphome_ccache MATCHES "ccache version ([0-9.]+)")
+    if(CMAKE_MATCH_1 VERSION_LESS {min_ccache})
+      message(STATUS "ESPHome: ccache ${{CMAKE_MATCH_1}} can reuse stale objects with a precompiled header; compiling without it (upgrade ccache to {min_ccache} or newer, or set ESPHOME_PCH_ENABLE=1 to force)")
+      set(_esphome_pch OFF)
+    endif()
+  endif()
+endif()
+set({_PCH_CHOICE_VAR} ${{_esphome_pch}} CACHE BOOL "ESPHome precompiled header in use" FORCE)
+if(_esphome_pch)
 {textwrap.indent(block, "  ")}
 endif()
 """
@@ -557,10 +574,10 @@ def write_pch_checksum() -> None:
 
     if not pch.pch_enabled():
         return
-    # The gate's choice, cached by configure
-    if pch.pch_needs_gcc_check() and get_cmake_cache_value(_PCH_CHOICE_VAR) != "ON":
-        return
-    pch.log_pch_in_use()
+    # Written whatever the gate chose last time: a build tree without that
+    # choice, or a reconfigure that turns the pch on, must not see a stale sum
+    if pch.pch_forced() or get_cmake_cache_value(_PCH_CHOICE_VAR) == "ON":
+        pch.log_pch_in_use()
     checksum = pch.pch_checksum(
         CORE.relative_src_path(),
         pch.PCH_DEFAULT_HEADERS,

esphome/build_helpers/ccache.py

@@ -3,21 +3,68 @@ resolution, and default ``CCACHE_*`` values."""
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import functools
 import logging
 import os
 from pathlib import Path
+import re
 
-from esphome.framework_helpers import strip_win_long_path_prefix, tool_version_runs
+from esphome.framework_helpers import (
+    strip_win_long_path_prefix,
+    tool_version_probe,
+    tool_version_runs,
+)
 from esphome.helpers import FALSY_ENV_STRINGS, TRUTHY_ENV_STRINGS
 
 _LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+# Before 4.7 ccache stores a pch consumer whose header is newer than one
+# second without that header, so a later build reuses it after the header
+# changed (#21621)
+CCACHE_PCH_MIN_VERSION = (4, 7)
+
+_VERSION_RE = re.compile(r"ccache version (\d+(?:\.\d+)*)")
+
+
+@functools.cache
+def _ccache_probe(ccache: str) -> str | Exception:
+    """``ccache --version``, run once per binary per process."""
+    return tool_version_probe(ccache)
+
+
 def _ccache_runs(ccache: str) -> bool:
     """Return True when the ``ccache`` found on PATH actually runs."""
     return tool_version_runs(
         ccache,
         "Ignoring ccache at %s because it failed to run; compiling without ccache",
+        probe=_ccache_probe,
+    )
+
+
+@functools.cache
+def _ccache_too_old_for_pch(ccache: str) -> bool:
+    output = _ccache_probe(ccache)
+    if not isinstance(output, str) or (found := _VERSION_RE.search(output)) is None:
+        return False
+    if tuple(map(int, found[1].split("."))) >= CCACHE_PCH_MIN_VERSION:
+        return False
+    _LOGGER.info(
+        "ccache %s at %s can reuse stale objects with a precompiled header; "
+        "compiling without it (upgrade ccache to %s or newer, or set "
+        "ESPHOME_PCH_ENABLE=1 to force)",
+        found[1],
+        ccache,
+        ".".join(map(str, CCACHE_PCH_MIN_VERSION)),
+    )
+    return True
+
+
+def ccache_breaks_pch() -> bool:
+    """Whether the ccache this build uses is too old for a precompiled header.
+    ESP-IDF builds check the ccache IDF finds in CMake instead (build_gen.espidf)."""
+    return (ccache := resolve_ccache_path()) is not None and _ccache_too_old_for_pch(
+        ccache
     )
 
 

esphome/build_helpers/pch.py

@@ -12,7 +12,11 @@ import re
 import subprocess
 import sys
 
-from esphome.build_helpers.ccache import effective_ccache_basedir, parse_enable_env
+from esphome.build_helpers.ccache import (
+    ccache_breaks_pch,
+    effective_ccache_basedir,
+    parse_enable_env,
+)
 from esphome.const import PLATFORM_NRF52
 from esphome.helpers import write_file_if_changed
 
@@ -117,9 +121,16 @@ def pch_needs_gcc_check() -> bool:
     return sys.platform == "win32" and parse_enable_env("ESPHOME_PCH_ENABLE") is None
 
 
+def _ccache_rules_out_pch() -> bool:
+    """An old ccache, unless ``ESPHOME_PCH_ENABLE=1`` forces the pch on.
+    ESP-IDF runs the same check in CMake (build_gen.espidf)."""
+    return not pch_forced() and ccache_breaks_pch()
+
+
 def pch_usable(cxx: Sequence[Path | str]) -> bool:
-    """The knob plus the host rule; ``ESPHOME_PCH_ENABLE=1`` skips the rule."""
-    if not pch_enabled():
+    """The knob plus the ccache and host rules; ``ESPHOME_PCH_ENABLE=1``
+    skips the rules."""
+    if not pch_enabled() or _ccache_rules_out_pch():
         return False
     if not pch_needs_gcc_check():
         return True
@@ -162,7 +173,11 @@ def pch_script_enabled() -> bool:
     """Whether this PlatformIO build takes the pch script."""
     from esphome.core import CORE
 
-    return pch_enabled() and CORE.target_platform not in PCH_SCRIPT_EXCLUDED_PLATFORMS
+    return (
+        pch_enabled()
+        and CORE.target_platform not in PCH_SCRIPT_EXCLUDED_PLATFORMS
+        and not _ccache_rules_out_pch()
+    )
 
 
 def pch_header_text(include_headers: Iterable[str]) -> str:

esphome/cli/rotate_key.py

@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+"""``esphome rotate-key``."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+from pathlib import Path
+import sys
+
+from esphome import espota2
+from esphome.components.noise import (
+    generate_encryption_key,
+    static_encryption_key,
+    validate_encryption_key,
+)
+from esphome.config_validation import Invalid
+from esphome.const import CONF_API, CONF_PASSWORD, CONF_PORT
+from esphome.core import CORE, EsphomeError
+from esphome.espota2 import ProbeResult
+from esphome.log import AnsiFore, color
+from esphome.ota_key_edit import locate_key_edits, old_key_edit, with_sharers
+from esphome.types import ConfigType
+from esphome.upload_targets import PortType, get_port_type
+from esphome.util import (
+    ESPHOME_COMMAND,
+    read_secret_line,
+    run_external_process,
+    safe_input,
+    safe_print,
+)
+from esphome.yaml_edit import RestoreError, Snapshot, apply_line_edits, restore_files
+
+PRECHECK_TIMEOUT = 15.0
+# What to do when the device does not accept the key in the yaml before anything is written
+PRECHECK_ADVICE = {
+    ProbeResult.UNREACHABLE: (
+        "The device could not be reached; check that it is online, then try again."
+    ),
+    ProbeResult.REJECTED: (
+        "The device runs a different key than the yaml. Install the current "
+        "configuration first, presenting its key with --prompt-ota-key, then rotate."
+    ),
+    ProbeResult.NOT_OFFERED: (
+        "The device does not offer encryption: it runs a firmware older than "
+        "ESPHome 2026.9.0 or without a key. Install the current configuration "
+        "first, then rotate."
+    ),
+    ProbeResult.DEVICE_ERROR: (
+        "The device answered with an error (see the warning above); fix that first."
+    ),
+}
+
+
+def command_rotate_key(args: argparse.Namespace, config: ConfigType) -> int | None:
+    """Write a new key, build with it, upload with the current one, confirm."""
+    from esphome.__main__ import (
+        Purpose,
+        _esphome_ota_conf,
+        _resolve_network_devices,
+        choose_upload_log_host,
+    )
+
+    def fail(message: str) -> int:
+        safe_print(color(AnsiFore.BOLD_RED, message))
+        return 1
+
+    ota_conf = _esphome_ota_conf(config)
+    if ota_conf is None:
+        return fail("rotate-key needs the esphome OTA platform in the configuration")
+    old_key = static_encryption_key(ota_conf)
+    if old_key is None:
+        return fail(
+            "rotate-key needs 'encryption:' under the esphome OTA platform with a "
+            "key in the yaml; a key provisioned at runtime is rotated from Home "
+            "Assistant"
+        )
+    if CORE.is_host:
+        return fail("rotate-key is for devices updated over the air")
+    old_key = str(old_key)
+    remote_port = int(ota_conf[CONF_PORT])
+
+    devices = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default=args.device, check_default=None, purpose=Purpose.UPLOADING
+    )
+    if get_port_type(devices[0]) in (PortType.SERIAL, PortType.BOOTSEL):
+        return fail(
+            "rotate-key works over the air; on a serial connection change the "
+            "key in the yaml and run 'esphome run' instead"
+        )
+    network_devices = _resolve_network_devices(devices, config, args)
+
+    if args.prompt_new_key:
+        new_key = read_secret_line("New OTA encryption key: ")
+    else:
+        new_key = generate_encryption_key()
+    try:
+        validate_encryption_key(new_key)
+    except Invalid as err:
+        return fail(f"Invalid new key: {err}")
+    if new_key == old_key:
+        return fail("The new key is the same as the current one")
+
+    try:
+        edits = locate_key_edits(old_key, new_key)
+        # The previous key stays in the config as old_key so an install still
+        # reaches the device if it ends up running either key
+        edits += old_key_edit(old_key)
+        unchecked = with_sharers(edits)
+    except EsphomeError as err:
+        return fail(str(err))
+
+    warnings = []
+    # With the recommended shape the ota inherits the api key, so rotating
+    # it changes what Home Assistant connects with
+    if str(static_encryption_key(config.get(CONF_API) or {})) == old_key:
+        warnings.append(
+            "The api encryption key changes too; Home Assistant will ask for "
+            "the new key after the install."
+        )
+    shared: dict[str, set[str]] = {}
+    for edit in edits:
+        what = f"secret '{edit.secret}'" if edit.secret else edit.path.name
+        for path in edit.shared_with:
+            shared.setdefault(
+                str(path.relative_to(CORE.config_dir.resolve())), set()
+            ).add(what)
+    if unchecked:
+        warnings.append(
+            "Could not check every configuration for shared use: "
+            + "; ".join(unchecked)
+        )
+    if shared:
+        warnings.append(
+            "Other configurations share what is rewritten: "
+            + "; ".join(
+                f"{p} ({', '.join(sorted(w))})" for p, w in sorted(shared.items())
+            )
+            + ". Their devices keep the previous key until their next install; "
+            "make sure those configurations carry it as old_key."
+        )
+    if warnings:
+        for warning in warnings:
+            safe_print(color(AnsiFore.BOLD_YELLOW, warning))
+        if not args.yes:
+            if not sys.stdin.isatty():
+                return fail("Confirm with --yes when there is no terminal")
+            if safe_input("Continue? [y/N] ").strip().lower() not in ("y", "yes"):
+                return 1
+
+    safe_print("Checking that the device accepts the current key...")
+    found = espota2.probe_ota_key(
+        network_devices,
+        remote_port,
+        old_key,
+        timeout=PRECHECK_TIMEOUT,
+        retry_rejected=False,
+    )
+    if found is not ProbeResult.ACCEPTED:
+        return fail(PRECHECK_ADVICE[found])
+
+    # Both keys are shown only when a file could not be put back
+    keys = f"Previous key: {old_key}\nNew key: {new_key}"
+    try:
+        originals = apply_line_edits(edits)
+    except RestoreError as err:
+        safe_print(keys)
+        return fail(str(err))
+    except EsphomeError as err:
+        return fail(str(err))
+    except KeyboardInterrupt as err:
+        if notes := getattr(err, "__notes__", None):  # a rollback that failed too
+            safe_print(keys)
+            return fail("Interrupted; " + "; ".join(notes))
+        return fail("Interrupted before the upload")
+    # From here every exit restores or reports, so nothing sits outside the try
+    uploaded = False
+    try:
+        safe_print(
+            "Wrote the new key to "
+            + ", ".join(color(AnsiFore.CYAN, str(p)) for p in originals)
+        )
+        # Global options go before the subcommand; the compile parser is strict
+        cli_args = ["--dashboard"] if CORE.dashboard else []
+        if args.toolchain:
+            cli_args += ["--toolchain", str(args.toolchain)]
+        for key, value in args.substitution or []:
+            cli_args += ["-s", key, value]
+        cli_args += ["compile", str(CORE.config_path)]
+        if run_external_process(*ESPHOME_COMMAND, *cli_args) != 0:
+            return fail("Compiling with the new key failed")
+
+        def image_sent() -> None:
+            # The device accepted the session and may commit from here on;
+            # the edited config reaches it on either key
+            nonlocal uploaded
+            uploaded = True
+
+        rc, _ = espota2.run_ota(
+            network_devices,
+            remote_port,
+            ota_conf.get(CONF_PASSWORD),
+            CORE.firmware_bin,
+            noise_psk=old_key,
+            plaintext_fallback=False,
+            on_upload_start=image_sent,
+        )
+        if rc != 0:
+            return fail(
+                "Uploading with the current key failed. The configuration keeps "
+                "the new key with the previous one as old_key, so the next "
+                "install reaches the device whichever key it runs."
+                if uploaded
+                else "The upload did not reach the device."
+            )
+        safe_print("Waiting for the device to come back with the new key...")
+        found = espota2.probe_ota_key(network_devices, remote_port, new_key)
+        if found is not ProbeResult.ACCEPTED:
+            return fail(
+                (
+                    "The device still answers with the previous key."
+                    if found is ProbeResult.REJECTED
+                    else "The device did not come back to confirm the new key."
+                )
+                + " The configuration keeps the new key, with the previous one as "
+                "old_key, so the next install reaches the device either way."
+            )
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        return fail(
+            "Interrupted; the device's key was not confirmed"
+            if uploaded
+            else "Interrupted before the upload"
+        )
+    finally:
+        # Before the upload nothing changed on the device; after it the device
+        # most likely runs the new key, and old_key covers the other case
+        if uploaded:
+            safe_print(f"New OTA encryption key: {color(AnsiFore.CYAN, new_key)}")
+        else:
+            _restore(originals, keys)
+
+    safe_print(color(AnsiFore.BOLD_GREEN, "SUCCESS"))
+    return 0
+
+
+def _restore(originals: dict[Path, Snapshot], keys: str) -> None:
+    """Put the previous key back, and drop the images a build made with the
+    new key; both keys are shown when a step fails."""
+    files = ", ".join(str(p) for p in originals)
+    try:
+        restore_files(originals)
+    except (EsphomeError, KeyboardInterrupt) as err:
+        # An interrupted restore carries its report as a note
+        why = str(err) or "; ".join(getattr(err, "__notes__", ()))
+        safe_print(color(AnsiFore.BOLD_RED, why or f"Interrupted restoring {files}"))
+        safe_print(keys)
+    else:
+        safe_print(color(AnsiFore.BOLD_YELLOW, f"Restored the previous key in {files}"))
+    build_dir = CORE.firmware_bin.parent
+    failed: list[str] = []
+    images: list[Path] = []
+    try:
+        images = [p for s in (".bin", ".uf2") for p in build_dir.glob(f"*{s}")]
+        for image in images:  # every one is tried, whatever the others did
+            try:
+                image.unlink()
+            except OSError as err:
+                failed.append(f"{image}: {err}")
+    except (OSError, KeyboardInterrupt) as err:
+        failed.append(f"{build_dir}: {str(err) or 'interrupted'}")
+    if failed:
+        safe_print(
+            color(
+                AnsiFore.BOLD_RED,
+                "Could not remove images that may hold the new key: "
+                + "; ".join(failed),
+            )
+        )
+        safe_print(keys)
+    elif images:
+        safe_print(
+            color(
+                AnsiFore.BOLD_YELLOW,
+                f"Removed the images in {build_dir}, which may hold the new key; "
+                "compile again before the next upload.",
+            )
+        )

esphome/compiled_config.py

@@ -33,9 +33,35 @@ _CACHE_VERSION = 1
 _LAMBDA_KEY = "__esphome_lambda__"
 
 
+_CACHE_SUFFIX = ".validated.json"
+
+
 def compiled_config_path(config_filename: str) -> Path:
     """Path to the cached validated config alongside the storage sidecar."""
-    return CORE.data_dir / "storage" / f"{config_filename}.validated.json"
+    return CORE.data_dir / "storage" / f"{config_filename}{_CACHE_SUFFIX}"
+
+
+def invalidate_compiled_config() -> None:
+    """Drop every cache in the storage dir after a change to a file the
+    mtime check cannot see, such as secrets.yaml or an include; other
+    configurations may share that file."""
+    storage = compiled_config_path(CORE.config_filename).parent
+    try:
+        caches = [p for p in storage.iterdir() if p.name.endswith(_CACHE_SUFFIX)]
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        return
+    except OSError as err:
+        raise EsphomeError(
+            f"Could not list the validated config caches in {storage}: {err}"
+        ) from err
+    for path in caches:
+        try:
+            path.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+        except OSError as err:
+            # A stale cache would present the old key on the next upload
+            raise EsphomeError(
+                f"Could not remove the validated config cache {path}: {err}"
+            ) from err
 
 
 def save_compiled_config(config: ConfigType) -> None:

esphome/components/airton/airton.h

@@ -90,6 +90,10 @@ class AirtonClimate : public climate_ir::ClimateIR {
   bool set_display_state(bool state);
   bool set_vertical_direction_state(VerticalDirection direction);
   void send_settings();
+  void control_vertical_direction(VerticalDirection direction) {
+    if (this->set_vertical_direction_state(direction))
+      this->send_settings();
+  }
   void set_setting(AirtonSetting setting, bool state) {
     const bool changed = setting == AirtonSetting::AIRTON_SETTING_DISPLAY ? this->set_display_state(state)
                                                                           : this->set_sleep_mode_state(state);

esphome/components/airton/select/__init__.py

@@ -9,18 +9,16 @@ from ..climate import (
     CONF_VERTICAL_DIRECTION,
     VERTICAL_DIRECTIONS,
     AirtonClimate,
-    airton_ns,
+    VerticalDirection,
 )
 
 CODEOWNERS = ["@Procsiab"]
 
-VerticalDirectionSelect = airton_ns.class_("VerticalDirectionSelect", select.Select)
-
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
     {
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_AIRTON_ID): cv.use_id(AirtonClimate),
         cv.Optional(CONF_VERTICAL_DIRECTION): select.select_schema(
-            VerticalDirectionSelect,
+            select.ApplySelect,
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
         ),
     }
@@ -34,4 +32,6 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
         CONF_VERTICAL_DIRECTION,
         hub.set_vertical_direction_select,
         options=list(VERTICAL_DIRECTIONS),
+        # The options are in the order of the enum; the hub publishes the state
+        apply=f"control_vertical_direction(static_cast<{VerticalDirection}>(index))",
     )

esphome/components/airton/select/direction.h

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/components/select/select.h"
-#include "../airton.h"
-
-namespace esphome::airton {
-
-class VerticalDirectionSelect : public select::Select, public Parented<AirtonClimate> {
- protected:
-  // The options are in the order of the enum, so the index is the direction; the parent publishes the state
-  void control(size_t index) override {
-    if (this->parent_->set_vertical_direction_state(static_cast<VerticalDirection>(index)))
-      this->parent_->send_settings();
-  }
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::airton

esphome/components/apds9960/apds9960.cpp

@@ -11,7 +11,52 @@ ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "apds9960");
     this->mark_failed(LOG_STR("Setting up APDS9960 registers failed")); \
     return; \
   }
-#define APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(reg, value) APDS9960_ERROR_CHECK(this->write_byte(reg, value));
+
+static constexpr i2c::I2CRegValue APDS9960_TIMING[] PROGMEM = {
+    // ATime (ADC integration time, 2.78ms increments, 0x81) -> 0xDB (103ms)
+    {0x81, 0xDB},
+    // WTime (Wait time, 0x83) -> 0xF6 (27ms)
+    {0x83, 0xF6},
+    // PPulse (0x8E) -> 0x87 (16us, 8 pulses)
+    {0x8E, 0x87},
+    // POffset UR (0x9D) -> 0 (no offset)
+    {0x9D, 0x00},
+    // POffset DL (0x9E) -> 0 (no offset)
+    {0x9E, 0x00},
+    // Config 1 (0x8D) -> 0x60 (no wtime factor)
+    {0x8D, 0x60},
+};
+
+static constexpr i2c::I2CRegValue APDS9960_INTERRUPT_GESTURE[] PROGMEM = {
+    // Pers (0x8C) -> 0x11 (2 consecutive proximity or ALS for interrupt)
+    {0x8C, 0x11},
+    // Config 2 (0x90) -> 0x01 (no saturation interrupts or LED boost)
+    {0x90, 0x01},
+    // Config 3 (0x9F) -> 0x00 (enable all photodiodes, no SAI)
+    {0x9F, 0x00},
+    // GPenTh (0xA0, gesture enter threshold) -> 0x28 (also 0x32)
+    {0xA0, 0x28},
+    // GPexTh (0xA1, gesture exit threshold) -> 0x1E
+    {0xA1, 0x1E},
+    // GConf 1 (0xA2, gesture config 1) -> 0x40 (4 gesture events for interrupt (GFIFO 3), 1 for exit)
+    {0xA2, 0x40},
+};
+
+static constexpr i2c::I2CRegValue APDS9960_GESTURE_OFFSETS[] PROGMEM = {
+    // GOffsetU (0xA4) -> 0x00 (no offset)
+    {0xA4, 0x00},
+    // GOffsetD (0xA5) -> 0x00 (no offset)
+    {0xA5, 0x00},
+    // GOffsetL (0xA7) -> 0x00 (no offset)
+    {0xA7, 0x00},
+    // GOffsetR (0xA9) -> 0x00 (no offset)
+    {0xA9, 0x00},
+    // GPulse (0xA6) -> 0xC9 (32 µs, 10 pulses)
+    {0xA6, 0xC9},
+    // GConf 3 (0xAA, gesture config 3) -> 0x00 (all photodiodes active during gesture, all gesture dimensions enabled)
+    // 0x00 -> all dimensions, 0x01 -> up down, 0x02 -> left right
+    {0xAA, 0x00},
+};
 
 void APDS9960::setup() {
   uint8_t id;
@@ -25,83 +70,27 @@ void APDS9960::setup() {
     return;
   }
 
-  // ATime (ADC integration time, 2.78ms increments, 0x81) -> 0xDB (103ms)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0x81, 0xDB);
-  // WTime (Wait time, 0x83) -> 0xF6 (27ms)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0x83, 0xF6);
-  // PPulse (0x8E) -> 0x87 (16us, 8 pulses)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0x8E, 0x87);
-  // POffset UR (0x9D) -> 0 (no offset)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0x9D, 0x00);
-  // POffset DL (0x9E) -> 0 (no offset)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0x9E, 0x00);
-  // Config 1 (0x8D) -> 0x60 (no wtime factor)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0x8D, 0x60);
+  APDS9960_ERROR_CHECK(this->write_registers(APDS9960_TIMING));
 
-  // Control (0x8F) ->
-  uint8_t val = 0;
-  APDS9960_ERROR_CHECK(this->read_byte(0x8F, &val));
-  val &= 0b00111111;
-  // led drive, 0 -> 100mA, 1 -> 50mA, 2 -> 25mA, 3 -> 12.5mA
-  val |= (this->led_drive_ & 0b11) << 6;
+  // Control (0x8F): led drive (0 -> 100mA, 1 -> 50mA, 2 -> 25mA, 3 -> 12.5mA),
+  // proximity gain (0 -> 1x, 1 -> 2X, 2 -> 4X, 3 -> 8X), ambient light gain (0 -> 1x, 1 -> 4x, 2 -> 16x, 3 -> 64x)
+  APDS9960_ERROR_CHECK(this->update_register(
+      0x8F, 0b11001111,
+      (this->led_drive_ & 0b11) << 6 | (this->proximity_gain_ & 0b11) << 2 | (this->ambient_gain_ & 0b11)));
 
-  val &= 0b11110011;
-  // proximity gain, 0 -> 1x, 1 -> 2X, 2 -> 4X, 3 -> 8X
-  val |= (this->proximity_gain_ & 0b11) << 2;
+  APDS9960_ERROR_CHECK(this->write_registers(APDS9960_INTERRUPT_GESTURE));
 
-  val &= 0b11111100;
-  // ambient light gain, 0 -> 1x, 1 -> 4x, 2 -> 16x, 3 -> 64x
-  val |= (this->ambient_gain_ & 0b11) << 0;
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0x8F, val);
+  // GConf 2 (0xA3): gesture gain (0 -> 1x, 1 -> 2x, 2 -> 4x, 3 -> 8x),
+  // gesture led drive (0 -> 100mA, 1 -> 50mA, 2 -> 25mA, 3 -> 12.5mA), gesture wait time
+  // (0 -> 0ms, 1 -> 2.8ms, 2 -> 5.6ms, 3 -> 8.4ms, 4 -> 14.0ms, 5 -> 22.4 ms, 6 -> 30.8ms, 7 -> 39.2 ms)
+  APDS9960_ERROR_CHECK(this->update_register(
+      0xA3, 0b01111111,
+      (this->gesture_gain_ & 0b11) << 5 | (this->gesture_led_drive_ & 0b11) << 3 | (this->gesture_wait_time_ & 0b111)));
 
-  // Pers (0x8C) -> 0x11 (2 consecutive proximity or ALS for interrupt)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0x8C, 0x11);
-  // Config 2 (0x90) -> 0x01 (no saturation interrupts or LED boost)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0x90, 0x01);
-  // Config 3 (0x9F) -> 0x00 (enable all photodiodes, no SAI)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0x9F, 0x00);
-  // GPenTh (0xA0, gesture enter threshold) -> 0x28 (also 0x32)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0xA0, 0x28);
-  // GPexTh (0xA1, gesture exit threshold) -> 0x1E
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0xA1, 0x1E);
-
-  // GConf 1 (0xA2, gesture config 1) -> 0x40 (4 gesture events for interrupt (GFIFO 3), 1 for exit)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0xA2, 0x40);
-
-  // GConf 2 (0xA3, gesture config 2) ->
-  APDS9960_ERROR_CHECK(this->read_byte(0xA3, &val));
-  val &= 0b10011111;
-  // gesture gain, 0 -> 1x, 1 -> 2x, 2 -> 4x, 3 -> 8x
-  val |= (this->gesture_gain_ & 0b11) << 5;
-
-  val &= 0b11100111;
-  // gesture led drive, 0 -> 100mA, 1 -> 50mA, 2 -> 25mA, 3 -> 12.5mA
-  val |= (this->gesture_led_drive_ & 0b11) << 3;
-
-  val &= 0b11111000;
-  // gesture wait time
-  // 0 -> 0ms, 1 -> 2.8ms, 2 -> 5.6ms, 3 -> 8.4ms
-  // 4 -> 14.0ms, 5 -> 22.4 ms, 6 -> 30.8ms, 7 -> 39.2 ms
-  val |= (this->gesture_wait_time_ & 0b111) << 0;
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0xA3, val);
-
-  // GOffsetU (0xA4) -> 0x00 (no offset)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0xA4, 0x00);
-  // GOffsetD (0xA5) -> 0x00 (no offset)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0xA5, 0x00);
-  // GOffsetL (0xA7) -> 0x00 (no offset)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0xA7, 0x00);
-  // GOffsetR (0xA9) -> 0x00 (no offset)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0xA9, 0x00);
-  // GPulse (0xA6) -> 0xC9 (32 µs, 10 pulses)
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0xA6, 0xC9);
-
-  // GConf 3 (0xAA, gesture config 3) -> 0x00 (all photodiodes active during gesture, all gesture dimensions enabled)
-  // 0x00 -> all dimensions, 0x01 -> up down, 0x02 -> left right
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0xAA, 0x00);
+  APDS9960_ERROR_CHECK(this->write_registers(APDS9960_GESTURE_OFFSETS));
 
   // Enable (0x80) ->
-  val = 0;
+  uint8_t val = 0;
   val |= (0b1) << 0;  // power on
   val |= (this->is_color_enabled_() & 0b1) << 1;
   val |= (this->is_proximity_enabled_() & 0b1) << 2;
@@ -109,7 +98,7 @@ void APDS9960::setup() {
   val |= 0b0 << 4;                                  // color interrupt disabled
   val |= 0b0 << 5;                                  // proximity interrupt disabled
   val |= (this->is_gesture_enabled_() & 0b1) << 6;  // proximity is required for gestures
-  APDS9960_WRITE_BYTE(0x80, val);
+  APDS9960_ERROR_CHECK(this->write_byte(0x80, val));
 }
 bool APDS9960::is_color_enabled_() const {
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR

esphome/components/api/api_connection.cpp

@@ -1555,8 +1555,17 @@ void APIConnection::on_water_heater_command_request(const WaterHeaterCommandRequ
 // Event is a special case - unlike other entities with simple state fields,
 // events store their state in a member accessed via obj->get_last_event_type()
 void APIConnection::send_event(event::Event *event) {
-  this->send_message_smart_(event, EventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, EventResponse::ESTIMATED_SIZE,
-                            event->get_last_event_type_index());
+  const uint8_t type_index = event->get_last_event_type_index();
+  const size_t size_before = this->deferred_batch_.size();
+  if (this->deferred_batch_.contains(event, EventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {
+    // Sending now would overtake the older event of this entity that still waits in the batch
+    this->schedule_message_(event, EventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, EventResponse::ESTIMATED_SIZE, type_index);
+  } else {
+    this->send_message_smart_(event, EventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, EventResponse::ESTIMATED_SIZE, type_index);
+  }
+  // Events are rare, so a queued one sends the batch now rather than after batch_delay
+  if (this->deferred_batch_.size() > size_before)
+    this->make_batch_due_now_();
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_event_response(event::Event *event, StringRef event_type, APIConnection *conn,
                                                 uint32_t remaining_size) {

esphome/components/api/api_connection.h

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #ifdef USE_API
+#include "api_deferred_batch.h"
 #include "api_frame_helper.h"
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
 #include "api_frame_helper_noise.h"
@@ -20,7 +21,6 @@
 #include "esphome/core/string_ref.h"
 
 #include <functional>
-#include <limits>
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -656,73 +656,6 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnectionBase {
   // Function pointer type for message encoding
   using MessageCreatorPtr = uint16_t (*)(EntityBase *, APIConnection *, uint32_t remaining_size);
 
-  // Generic batching mechanism for both state updates and entity info
-  struct DeferredBatch {
-    // Sentinel value for unused aux_data_index
-    static constexpr uint8_t AUX_DATA_UNUSED = std::numeric_limits<uint8_t>::max();
-
-    struct BatchItem {
-      EntityBase *entity;                       // 4 bytes - Entity pointer
-      uint16_t message_type;                    // 2 bytes - Message type for protocol and dispatch
-      uint8_t estimated_size;                   // 1 byte - Estimated message size (max 255 bytes)
-      uint8_t aux_data_index{AUX_DATA_UNUSED};  // 1 byte - For events: index into entity's event_types
-    };
-
-    std::vector<BatchItem> items;
-    uint32_t batch_start_time{0};
-
-    // No pre-allocation - log connections never use batching, and for
-    // connections that do, buffers are released after initial sync anyway
-
-    // Add item to the batch (with deduplication)
-    void add_item(EntityBase *entity, uint16_t message_type, uint8_t estimated_size,
-                  uint8_t aux_data_index = AUX_DATA_UNUSED) {
-      // Dedup: O(n) scan but optimized for RAM over performance
-      // Skip deduplication for events - they are edge-triggered, every occurrence matters
-#ifdef USE_EVENT
-      if (message_type != EventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)
-#endif
-      {
-        for (const auto &item : this->items) {
-          if (item.entity == entity && item.message_type == message_type)
-            return;  // Already queued
-        }
-      }
-      this->items.push_back({entity, message_type, estimated_size, aux_data_index});
-    }
-    // Add item to the front of the batch (for high priority messages like ping)
-    void add_item_front(EntityBase *entity, uint16_t message_type, uint8_t estimated_size) {
-      // Swap to front avoids expensive vector::insert which shifts all elements
-      this->items.push_back({entity, message_type, estimated_size, AUX_DATA_UNUSED});
-      if (this->items.size() > 1) {
-        std::swap(this->items.front(), this->items.back());
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Clear all items
-    void clear() {
-      items.clear();
-      batch_start_time = 0;
-    }
-
-    // Remove processed items from the front — noinline to keep memmove out of warm callers
-    void remove_front(size_t count) __attribute__((noinline)) { items.erase(items.begin(), items.begin() + count); }
-
-    bool empty() const { return items.empty(); }
-    size_t size() const { return items.size(); }
-    const BatchItem &operator[](size_t index) const { return items[index]; }
-
-    // Release excess capacity - only releases if items already empty
-    void release_buffer() {
-      // Safe to call: batch is processed before release_buffer is called,
-      // and if any items remain (partial processing), we must not clear them.
-      // Use swap trick since shrink_to_fit() is non-binding and may be ignored.
-      if (items.empty()) {
-        std::vector<BatchItem>().swap(items);
-      }
-    }
-  };
-
   // DeferredBatch here (16 bytes, 4-byte aligned)
   DeferredBatch deferred_batch_;
 
@@ -795,6 +728,10 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnectionBase {
   static constexpr size_t MAX_BATCH_PACKET_SIZE = 1390;  // MTU
 
   bool schedule_batch_();
+  // Sends the batch on the next loop, so a queued event does not wait for batch_delay; queued states go with it
+  void make_batch_due_now_() {
+    this->deferred_batch_.batch_start_time = App.get_loop_component_start_time() - this->get_batch_delay_ms_();
+  }
   void process_batch_();
   void process_batch_multi_(APIBuffer &shared_buf, size_t num_items, uint8_t header_padding, uint8_t footer_size)
       __attribute__((noinline));

esphome/components/api/api_deferred_batch.h

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
+#ifdef USE_API
+#include "api_pb2.h"
+#include "esphome/core/entity_base.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <limits>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace esphome::api {
+
+// Generic batching mechanism for both state updates and entity info
+struct DeferredBatch {
+  // Sentinel value for unused aux_data_index
+  static constexpr uint8_t AUX_DATA_UNUSED = std::numeric_limits<uint8_t>::max();
+
+  struct BatchItem {
+    EntityBase *entity;                       // 4 bytes - Entity pointer
+    uint16_t message_type;                    // 2 bytes - Message type for protocol and dispatch
+    uint8_t estimated_size;                   // 1 byte - Estimated message size (max 255 bytes)
+    uint8_t aux_data_index{AUX_DATA_UNUSED};  // 1 byte - For events: index into entity's event_types
+  };
+
+  std::vector<BatchItem> items;
+  uint32_t batch_start_time{0};
+
+  // No pre-allocation - log connections never use batching, and for
+  // connections that do, buffers are released after initial sync anyway
+
+  // O(n) scan but optimized for RAM over performance
+  bool contains(EntityBase *entity, uint16_t message_type) const {
+    for (const auto &item : this->items) {
+      if (item.entity == entity && item.message_type == message_type)
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Add item to the batch (with deduplication)
+  void add_item(EntityBase *entity, uint16_t message_type, uint8_t estimated_size,
+                uint8_t aux_data_index = AUX_DATA_UNUSED) {
+    // Skip deduplication for events - they are edge-triggered, every occurrence matters
+#ifdef USE_EVENT
+    if (message_type != EventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)
+#endif
+    {
+      if (this->contains(entity, message_type))
+        return;  // Already queued
+    }
+    this->items.push_back({entity, message_type, estimated_size, aux_data_index});
+  }
+  // Add item to the front of the batch (for high priority messages like ping)
+  void add_item_front(EntityBase *entity, uint16_t message_type, uint8_t estimated_size) {
+    // Shift rather than swap, so the queued items keep their order (two events of one entity must not swap)
+    this->items.push_back({});
+    std::move_backward(this->items.begin(), this->items.end() - 1, this->items.end());
+    this->items.front() = {entity, message_type, estimated_size, AUX_DATA_UNUSED};
+  }
+
+  // Clear all items
+  void clear() {
+    items.clear();
+    batch_start_time = 0;
+  }
+
+  // Remove processed items from the front — noinline to keep memmove out of warm callers
+  void remove_front(size_t count) __attribute__((noinline)) { items.erase(items.begin(), items.begin() + count); }
+
+  bool empty() const { return items.empty(); }
+  size_t size() const { return items.size(); }
+  const BatchItem &operator[](size_t index) const { return items[index]; }
+
+  // Release excess capacity - only releases if items already empty
+  void release_buffer() {
+    // Safe to call: batch is processed before release_buffer is called,
+    // and if any items remain (partial processing), we must not clear them.
+    // Use swap trick since shrink_to_fit() is non-binding and may be ignored.
+    if (items.empty()) {
+      std::vector<BatchItem>().swap(items);
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::api
+#endif  // USE_API

esphome/components/atc_mithermometer/atc_mithermometer.cpp

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ optional<ParseResult> ATCMiThermometer::parse_header_(const ble_device_base::Ser
     return {};
   }
 
-  auto raw = service_data.data;
+  const auto &raw = service_data.data;
   if (raw.size() < 13) {
     ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "parse_header_(): service data too short (%zu).", raw.size());
     return {};

esphome/components/bedjet/bedjet_hub.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@
 #include "bedjet_child.h"
 #include "bedjet_const.h"
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <cinttypes>
+#include <cstring>
 
 namespace esphome::bedjet {
 
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@ void BedJetHub::upgrade_firmware() {
   auto status = this->write_bedjet_packet_(pkt);
 
   if (status) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] MAGIC_UPDATE button failed, status=%d", this->get_name().c_str(), status);
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] MAGIC_UPDATE button failed, status=%d", this->get_name(), status);
   }
 }
 
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ bool BedJetHub::set_fan_index(uint8_t fan_speed_index) {
   auto status = this->write_bedjet_packet_(pkt);
 
   if (status) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] writing fan speed failed, status=%d", this->get_name().c_str(), status);
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] writing fan speed failed, status=%d", this->get_name(), status);
   }
   return status == 0;
 }
@@ -82,7 +84,7 @@ bool BedJetHub::set_target_temp(float temp_c) {
   auto status = this->write_bedjet_packet_(pkt);
 
   if (status) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] writing target temp failed, status=%d", this->get_name().c_str(), status);
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] writing target temp failed, status=%d", this->get_name(), status);
   }
   return status == 0;
 }
@@ -93,7 +95,7 @@ bool BedJetHub::set_time_remaining(uint8_t hours, uint8_t mins) {
   auto status = this->write_bedjet_packet_(pkt);
 
   if (status) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] writing remaining runtime failed, status=%d", this->get_name().c_str(), status);
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] writing remaining runtime failed, status=%d", this->get_name(), status);
   }
   return status == 0;
 }
@@ -103,11 +105,10 @@ bool BedJetHub::send_button(BedjetButton button) {
   auto status = this->write_bedjet_packet_(pkt);
 
   if (status) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] writing button %s failed, status=%d", this->get_name().c_str(),
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] writing button %s failed, status=%d", this->get_name(),
              LOG_STR_ARG(bedjet_button_to_string(button)), status);
   } else {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] writing button %s success", this->get_name().c_str(),
-             LOG_STR_ARG(bedjet_button_to_string(button)));
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] writing button %s success", this->get_name(), LOG_STR_ARG(bedjet_button_to_string(button)));
   }
   return status == 0;
 }
@@ -125,9 +126,9 @@ uint16_t BedJetHub::get_time_remaining() {
 uint8_t BedJetHub::write_bedjet_packet_(BedjetPacket *pkt) {
   if (!this->is_connected()) {
     if (!this->parent_->enabled) {
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%s] Cannot write packet: Not connected, enabled=false", this->get_name().c_str());
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%s] Cannot write packet: Not connected, enabled=false", this->get_name());
     } else {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Cannot write packet: Not connected", this->get_name().c_str());
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Cannot write packet: Not connected", this->get_name());
     }
     return -1;
   }
@@ -144,16 +145,16 @@ uint8_t BedJetHub::set_notify_(const bool enable) {
     status = esp_ble_gattc_register_for_notify(this->parent_->get_gattc_if(), this->parent_->get_remote_bda(),
                                                this->char_handle_status_);
     if (status) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_register_for_notify failed, status=%d", this->get_name().c_str(), status);
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_register_for_notify failed, status=%d", this->get_name(), status);
     }
   } else {
     status = esp_ble_gattc_unregister_for_notify(this->parent_->get_gattc_if(), this->parent_->get_remote_bda(),
                                                  this->char_handle_status_);
     if (status) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_unregister_for_notify failed, status=%d", this->get_name().c_str(), status);
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_unregister_for_notify failed, status=%d", this->get_name(), status);
     }
   }
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%s] set_notify: enable=%d; result=%d", this->get_name().c_str(), enable, status);
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%s] set_notify: enable=%d; result=%d", this->get_name(), enable, status);
   return status;
 }
 
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ bool BedJetHub::discover_characteristics_() {
   if (!this->char_handle_cmd_) {
     chr = this->parent_->get_characteristic(BEDJET_SERVICE_UUID, BEDJET_COMMAND_UUID);
     if (chr == nullptr) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] No control service found at device, not a BedJet..?", this->get_name().c_str());
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] No control service found at device, not a BedJet..?", this->get_name());
       result = false;
     } else {
       this->char_handle_cmd_ = chr->handle;
@@ -174,7 +175,7 @@ bool BedJetHub::discover_characteristics_() {
   if (!this->char_handle_status_) {
     chr = this->parent_->get_characteristic(BEDJET_SERVICE_UUID, BEDJET_STATUS_UUID);
     if (chr == nullptr) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] No status service found at device, not a BedJet..?", this->get_name().c_str());
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] No status service found at device, not a BedJet..?", this->get_name());
       result = false;
     } else {
       this->char_handle_status_ = chr->handle;
@@ -204,14 +205,14 @@ bool BedJetHub::discover_characteristics_() {
   if (!this->char_handle_name_) {
     chr = this->parent_->get_characteristic(BEDJET_SERVICE_UUID, BEDJET_NAME_UUID);
     if (chr == nullptr) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] No name service found at device, not a BedJet..?", this->get_name().c_str());
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] No name service found at device, not a BedJet..?", this->get_name());
       result = false;
     } else {
       this->char_handle_name_ = chr->handle;
       auto status = esp_ble_gattc_read_char(this->parent_->get_gattc_if(), this->parent_->get_conn_id(),
                                             this->char_handle_name_, ESP_GATT_AUTH_REQ_NONE);
       if (status) {
-        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%s] Unable to read name characteristic: %d", this->get_name().c_str(), status);
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%s] Unable to read name characteristic: %d", this->get_name(), status);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -222,7 +223,7 @@ bool BedJetHub::discover_characteristics_() {
            "     - Status char: 0x%x\n"
            "       - config descriptor: 0x%x\n"
            "     - Name char: 0x%x",
-           this->get_name().c_str(), this->char_handle_cmd_, this->char_handle_status_, this->config_descr_status_,
+           this->get_name(), this->char_handle_cmd_, this->char_handle_status_, this->config_descr_status_,
            this->char_handle_name_);
 
   return result;
@@ -241,7 +242,7 @@ void BedJetHub::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t ga
       auto result = this->discover_characteristics_();
 
       if (result) {
-        ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] Services complete: obtained char handles.", this->get_name().c_str());
+        ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] Services complete: obtained char handles.", this->get_name());
         this->node_state = espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED;
         this->set_notify_(true);
 
@@ -253,7 +254,7 @@ void BedJetHub::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t ga
 
         this->dispatch_state_(true);
       } else {
-        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Failed discovering service characteristics.", this->get_name().c_str());
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Failed discovering service characteristics.", this->get_name());
         this->parent()->set_enabled(false);
         this->status_set_warning();
         this->dispatch_state_(false);
@@ -265,15 +266,15 @@ void BedJetHub::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t ga
         if (param->write.status == ESP_GATT_INVALID_ATTR_LEN) {
           // This probably means that our hack for notify_en (8 bit vs 16 bit) didn't work right.
           // Should we try to fall back to BLEClient's way?
-          ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Invalid attr length writing descr at handle 0x%04d, status=%d", this->get_name().c_str(),
+          ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Invalid attr length writing descr at handle 0x%04d, status=%d", this->get_name(),
                    param->write.handle, param->write.status);
         } else {
-          ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Error writing descr at handle 0x%04d, status=%d", this->get_name().c_str(),
-                   param->write.handle, param->write.status);
+          ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Error writing descr at handle 0x%04d, status=%d", this->get_name(), param->write.handle,
+                   param->write.status);
         }
         break;
       }
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] Write to handle 0x%04x status=%d", this->get_name().c_str(), param->write.handle,
+      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] Write to handle 0x%04x status=%d", this->get_name(), param->write.handle,
                param->write.status);
       break;
     }
@@ -306,9 +307,11 @@ void BedJetHub::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t ga
       } else if (param->read.handle == this->char_handle_name_) {
         // The data should represent the name.
         if (param->read.status == ESP_GATT_OK && param->read.value_len > 0) {
-          std::string bedjet_name(reinterpret_cast<char const *>(param->read.value), param->read.value_len);
-          ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%s] Got BedJet name: '%s'", this->get_name().c_str(), bedjet_name.c_str());
-          this->set_name_(bedjet_name);
+          ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%s] Got BedJet name: '%.*s'", this->get_name(), static_cast<int>(param->read.value_len),
+                   reinterpret_cast<const char *>(param->read.value));
+          const size_t len = std::min<size_t>(param->read.value_len, sizeof(this->name_) - 1);
+          memcpy(this->name_, param->read.value, len);
+          this->name_[len] = '\0';
         }
       }
       break;
@@ -322,8 +325,8 @@ void BedJetHub::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t ga
       // doesn't break anything.
 
       if (param->reg_for_notify.handle != this->char_handle_status_) {
-        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Register for notify on unexpected handle 0x%04x, expecting 0x%04x",
-                 this->get_name().c_str(), param->reg_for_notify.handle, this->char_handle_status_);
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Register for notify on unexpected handle 0x%04x, expecting 0x%04x", this->get_name(),
+                 param->reg_for_notify.handle, this->char_handle_status_);
         break;
       }
 
@@ -335,8 +338,8 @@ void BedJetHub::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t ga
     case ESP_GATTC_UNREG_FOR_NOTIFY_EVT: {
       // This event is not handled by the parent BLEClient, so we need to do this either way.
       if (param->unreg_for_notify.handle != this->char_handle_status_) {
-        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Unregister for notify on unexpected handle 0x%04x, expecting 0x%04x",
-                 this->get_name().c_str(), param->unreg_for_notify.handle, this->char_handle_status_);
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Unregister for notify on unexpected handle 0x%04x, expecting 0x%04x", this->get_name(),
+                 param->unreg_for_notify.handle, this->char_handle_status_);
         break;
       }
 
@@ -350,13 +353,13 @@ void BedJetHub::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t ga
         break;
 
       if (param->notify.conn_id != this->parent_->get_conn_id()) {
-        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Received notify event for unexpected parent conn: expect %x, got %x",
-                 this->get_name().c_str(), this->parent_->get_conn_id(), param->notify.conn_id);
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Received notify event for unexpected parent conn: expect %x, got %x", this->get_name(),
+                 this->parent_->get_conn_id(), param->notify.conn_id);
         // FIXME: bug in BLEClient holding wrong conn_id.
       }
 
       if (param->notify.handle != this->char_handle_status_) {
-        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Unexpected notify handle, wanted %04X, got %04X", this->get_name().c_str(),
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Unexpected notify handle, wanted %04X, got %04X", this->get_name(),
                  this->char_handle_status_, param->notify.handle);
         break;
       }
@@ -372,13 +375,13 @@ void BedJetHub::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t ga
       if (!this->force_refresh_ && this->codec_->compare(param->notify.value, param->notify.value_len)) {
         // If the packet is meaningfully different, trigger children as well
         this->force_refresh_ = true;
-        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%s] Incoming packet indicates a significant change.", this->get_name().c_str());
+        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%s] Incoming packet indicates a significant change.", this->get_name());
       }
 
       if (this->last_notify_ == 0 || delta > MIN_NOTIFY_THROTTLE || this->force_refresh_) {
         // Set reentrant flag to prevent processing multiple packets.
         this->processing_ = true;
-        ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "[%s] Decoding packet: last=%" PRId32 ", delta=%" PRId32 ", force=%s", this->get_name().c_str(),
+        ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "[%s] Decoding packet: last=%" PRId32 ", delta=%" PRId32 ", force=%s", this->get_name(),
                   this->last_notify_, delta, this->force_refresh_ ? "y" : "n");
         bool needs_extra = this->codec_->decode_notify(param->notify.value, param->notify.value_len);
 
@@ -388,7 +391,7 @@ void BedJetHub::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t ga
           auto status = esp_ble_gattc_read_char(this->parent_->get_gattc_if(), this->parent_->get_conn_id(),
                                                 this->char_handle_status_, ESP_GATT_AUTH_REQ_NONE);
           if (status) {
-            ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%s] Unable to read extended status packet", this->get_name().c_str());
+            ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%s] Unable to read extended status packet", this->get_name());
           }
         } else {
           this->status_packet_ready_();
@@ -397,7 +400,7 @@ void BedJetHub::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t ga
       break;
     }
     default:
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "[%s] gattc unhandled event: enum=%d", this->get_name().c_str(), event);
+      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "[%s] gattc unhandled event: enum=%d", this->get_name(), event);
       break;
   }
 }
@@ -436,7 +439,7 @@ uint8_t BedJetHub::write_notify_config_descriptor_(bool enable) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "esp_ble_gattc_write_char_descr error, status=%d", status);
     return status;
   }
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] wrote notify=%s to status config 0x%04x, for conn %d", this->get_name().c_str(),
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] wrote notify=%s to status config 0x%04x, for conn %d", this->get_name(),
            enable ? "true" : "false", handle, this->parent_->get_conn_id());
   return ESP_GATT_OK;
 }
@@ -468,7 +471,7 @@ void BedJetHub::setup_time_() {
 
 void BedJetHub::set_clock(uint8_t hour, uint8_t minute) {
   if (!this->is_connected()) {
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%s] Not connected, cannot send time.", this->get_name().c_str());
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%s] Not connected, cannot send time.", this->get_name());
     return;
   }
 
@@ -477,7 +480,7 @@ void BedJetHub::set_clock(uint8_t hour, uint8_t minute) {
   if (status) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Failed setting BedJet clock: %d", status);
   } else {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] BedJet clock set to: %d:%02d", this->get_name().c_str(), hour, minute);
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] BedJet clock set to: %d:%02d", this->get_name(), hour, minute);
   }
 }
 
@@ -495,7 +498,7 @@ void BedJetHub::dump_config() {
                 "BedJet Hub '%s'\n"
                 "  ble_client.app_id: %d\n"
                 "  ble_client.conn_id: %d",
-                this->get_name().c_str(), this->parent()->app_id, this->parent()->get_conn_id());
+                this->get_name(), this->parent()->app_id, this->parent()->get_conn_id());
   LOG_UPDATE_INTERVAL(this);
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Child components (%d):", this->children_.size());
   for (auto *child : this->children_) {
@@ -513,10 +516,9 @@ void BedJetHub::dispatch_status_() {
   auto *status = this->codec_->get_status_packet();
 
   if (!this->is_connected()) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] Not connected, will not send status.", this->get_name().c_str());
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] Not connected, will not send status.", this->get_name());
   } else if (status != nullptr) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] Notifying %d children of latest status @%p.", this->get_name().c_str(), this->children_.size(),
-             status);
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] Notifying %d children of latest status @%p.", this->get_name(), this->children_.size(), status);
     for (auto *child : this->children_) {
       child->on_status(status);
     }
@@ -530,13 +532,13 @@ void BedJetHub::dispatch_status_() {
       // We can try to unregister for notifications now, and then re-register, hoping to clear it up...
       // But how do we know for sure which state we're in, and how do we actually clear out the buggy state?
 
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%s] Still waiting for first GATT notify event.", this->get_name().c_str());
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%s] Still waiting for first GATT notify event.", this->get_name());
     } else if (diff > NOTIFY_WARN_THRESHOLD) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Last GATT notify was %" PRId32 " seconds ago.", this->get_name().c_str(), diff / 1000);
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Last GATT notify was %" PRId32 " seconds ago.", this->get_name(), diff / 1000);
     }
 
     if (this->timeout_ > 0 && diff > this->timeout_ && this->parent()->enabled) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Timed out after %" PRId32 " sec. Retrying", this->get_name().c_str(), this->timeout_);
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Timed out after %" PRId32 " sec. Retrying", this->get_name(), this->timeout_);
       // set_enabled(false) will only close the connection if state != IDLE.
       this->parent()->set_state(espbt::ClientState::CONNECTING);
       this->parent()->set_enabled(false);

esphome/components/bedjet/bedjet_hub.h

@@ -119,13 +119,7 @@ class BedJetHub final : public esphome::ble_client::BLEClientNode, public Pollin
   float get_setup_priority() const override { return setup_priority::BLUETOOTH; }
 
   /** @return The BedJet's configured name, or the MAC address if not discovered yet. */
-  std::string get_name() {
-    if (this->name_.empty()) {
-      return this->parent_->address_str();
-    } else {
-      return this->name_;
-    }
-  }
+  const char *get_name() const { return this->name_[0] == '\0' ? this->parent_->address_str() : this->name_; }
 
   /* BLEClient overrides */
 
@@ -151,9 +145,8 @@ class BedJetHub final : public esphome::ble_client::BLEClientNode, public Pollin
   uint8_t set_notify_(bool enable);
   /** Send the `BedjetPacket` to the device. */
   uint8_t write_bedjet_packet_(BedjetPacket *pkt);
-  void set_name_(const std::string &name) { this->name_ = name; }
-
-  std::string name_;
+  // Only used in log lines; longer names are truncated
+  char name_[24]{};
 
   uint32_t last_notify_ = 0;
   inline void status_packet_ready_();

esphome/components/beken_spi_led_strip/led_strip.cpp

@@ -62,6 +62,13 @@ struct SpiData {
 
 static SpiData *spi_data = nullptr;  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-const-global-variables)
 
+// BDK 3.0.78 makes REG_WRITE a statement expression that yields the volatile assignment,
+// a deprecated volatile read under clang
+static inline void reg_write(uint32_t addr, uint32_t value) {
+  // NOLINTNEXTLINE(performance-no-int-to-ptr) - MMIO register at a fixed address
+  *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t *>(addr) = value;
+}
+
 static void set_spi_ctrl_register(uint32_t bit, bool val) {
   uint32_t value = REG_READ(SPI_CTRL);
   if (val == 0) {
@@ -69,7 +76,7 @@ static void set_spi_ctrl_register(uint32_t bit, bool val) {
   } else if (val == 1) {
     value |= bit;
   }
-  REG_WRITE(SPI_CTRL, value);
+  reg_write(SPI_CTRL, value);
 }
 
 #ifdef BEKEN_SPI_IS_N_LIKE
@@ -80,7 +87,7 @@ static void set_spi_config_register(uint32_t bit, bool val) {
   } else if (val == 1) {
     value |= bit;
   }
-  REG_WRITE(SPI_CONFIG, value);
+  reg_write(SPI_CONFIG, value);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -136,7 +143,7 @@ static void spi_set_clock(uint32_t max_hz) {
   param = REG_READ(SPI_CTRL);
   param &= ~(SPI_CKR_MASK << SPI_CKR_POSI);
   param |= (div << SPI_CKR_POSI);
-  REG_WRITE(SPI_CTRL, param);
+  reg_write(SPI_CTRL, param);
 #ifdef BEKEN_SPI_IS_N_LIKE
   const int divisor = div;
 #else
@@ -229,7 +236,7 @@ void BekenSPILEDStripLightOutput::setup() {
   value = REG_READ(SPI_CTRL);
   value &= ~CTRL_NSSMD_3;
   value |= (1 << 17);
-  REG_WRITE(SPI_CTRL, value);
+  reg_write(SPI_CTRL, value);
 
 #ifdef BEKEN_SPI_IS_N_LIKE
   value = GFUNC_MODE_SPI_DMA;
@@ -279,7 +286,7 @@ void BekenSPILEDStripLightOutput::setup() {
   value = REG_READ(SPI_CONFIG);
   value &= ~(0xFFF << 8);
   value |= ((dma_buffer_size & 0xFFF) << 8);
-  REG_WRITE(SPI_CONFIG, value);
+  reg_write(SPI_CONFIG, value);
 #else
   // T-like variants: No transfer-length register. The SPI controller shifts out
   // everything the DMA writes into SPI_DAT.

esphome/components/bh1745/output/__init__.py

@@ -1,28 +1,24 @@
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import output
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_ID
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_BH1745_ID, BH1745Component, bh1745_ns
+from .. import CONF_BH1745_ID, BH1745Component
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["bh1745"]
 
-BH1745InterruptPinOutput = bh1745_ns.class_(
-    "BH1745InterruptPinOutput", output.BinaryOutput
-)
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = output.BINARY_OUTPUT_SCHEMA.extend(
     {
-        cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(BH1745InterruptPinOutput),
+        cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(output.ApplyBinaryOutput),
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_BH1745_ID): cv.use_id(BH1745Component),
     }
 )
 
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
-    await output.register_output(var, config)
     hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_BH1745_ID])
-    await cg.register_parented(var, hub)
+    await output.sub_binary_outputs(config, parent=hub).create(
+        config, None, apply="set_interrupt_state(state)"
+    )
     cg.add(hub.enable_interrupt_output())

esphome/components/bh1745/output/bh1745_output.h

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/components/output/binary_output.h"
-#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
-
-#include "../bh1745.h"
-
-namespace esphome::bh1745 {
-
-/// Drives the BH1745 INT pin, which switches the LEDs on breakout boards such as the Pimoroni one.
-class BH1745InterruptPinOutput : public output::BinaryOutput, public Parented<BH1745Component> {
- protected:
-  void write_state(bool state) override { this->parent_->set_interrupt_state(state); }
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::bh1745

esphome/components/bk72xx_ble/__init__.py

@@ -21,9 +21,10 @@ public ble_api.h.
 """
 
 import logging
+import re
 
 import esphome.codegen as cg
-from esphome.components import libretiny, wifi
+from esphome.components import libretiny
 from esphome.components.libretiny.const import (
     FAMILY_BK7231N,
     FAMILY_BK7231Q,
@@ -32,14 +33,30 @@ from esphome.components.libretiny.const import (
     FAMILY_BK7251,
 )
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_ENABLE_ON_BOOT, CONF_ID
-from esphome.core import EsphomeError
+from esphome.const import (
+    CONF_ENABLE_ON_BOOT,
+    CONF_ESPHOME,
+    CONF_ID,
+    CONF_PLATFORMIO_OPTIONS,
+    KEY_CORE,
+    KEY_FRAMEWORK_VERSION,
+)
+from esphome.core import CORE, EsphomeError
+import esphome.final_validate as fv
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["bk72xx"]
 CODEOWNERS = ["@Bl00d-B0b"]
 DOMAIN = "bk72xx_ble"
 
+BEKEN_BDK_VERSION_OPTION = "custom_versions.beken-bdk"
+# Older BDKs lay the BLE stack out differently and can crash at boot or erase the
+# bootloader with BLE compiled in; the libretiny platform builds with this one
+MIN_BDK_VERSION = (3, 0, 78)
+# Older LibreTiny releases arm the Beken MCU sleep with wifi power save, which halts
+# the device once the station stops while BLE runs (libretiny-eu/libretiny#414)
+MIN_LIBRETINY_VERSION = (1, 14, 0)
+
 _LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 bk72xx_ble_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("bk72xx_ble")
@@ -80,20 +97,45 @@ def _unsupported_family_message(family: str) -> str | None:
     return None
 
 
+def check_bdk_version(value: str | None) -> None:
+    """Reject a beken-bdk override older than the release the BLE stack needs."""
+    if value is None:
+        return
+    # LibreTiny appends the value to the package URL as a git ref and only builds
+    # 3.0.x releases; the 2021.06.07 tag is the pre 3.0 SDK
+    match = re.fullmatch(r"v?(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)", str(value))
+    if match is not None:
+        version = tuple(int(g) for g in match.groups())
+        if version[:2] == MIN_BDK_VERSION[:2] and version >= MIN_BDK_VERSION:
+            return
+    minimum = ".".join(str(part) for part in MIN_BDK_VERSION)
+    raise cv.Invalid(
+        f"bk72xx_ble needs beken-bdk {minimum} or a newer 3.0.x release, not "
+        f"'{value}': with BLE compiled in, an older BDK can crash at boot or erase "
+        "the bootloader"
+    )
+
+
+def check_libretiny_version(version: cv.Version) -> None:
+    """Reject a LibreTiny release older than the one whose WiFi sleep is safe with BLE."""
+    if (version.major, version.minor, version.patch) >= MIN_LIBRETINY_VERSION:
+        return
+    minimum = ".".join(str(part) for part in MIN_LIBRETINY_VERSION)
+    raise cv.Invalid(
+        f"bk72xx_ble needs LibreTiny {minimum} or newer, not {version}: older releases "
+        "arm the Beken MCU sleep with wifi power save and the device halts once the "
+        "station stops while BLE runs"
+    )
+
+
 def _final_validate(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     # Warn only: a hard error here would break the validate-only CI fixtures,
     # which run on a BLE 4.2 board. The hard error is raised at codegen.
     if msg := _unsupported_family_message(libretiny.get_libretiny_family()):
         _LOGGER.warning("%s (this configuration cannot compile)", msg)
-    # Any wifi power_save_mode other than NONE also arms the Beken SDK's MCU
-    # sleep. With the BLE controller running, that sleep never wakes up once the
-    # station is stopped (adapter restart after failed roams, wifi.disable): the
-    # device is dead until a power cycle (esphome#18592). Keep power save off
-    # until LibreTiny ships the SDK-side fix (libretiny-eu/libretiny#414).
-    wifi.force_power_save_off(
-        "with BLE running, the Beken SDK's MCU sleep halts the device once the "
-        "station is stopped (https://github.com/esphome/esphome/issues/18592)"
-    )
+    options = fv.full_config.get()[CONF_ESPHOME].get(CONF_PLATFORMIO_OPTIONS) or {}
+    check_bdk_version(options.get(BEKEN_BDK_VERSION_OPTION))
+    check_libretiny_version(CORE.data[KEY_CORE][KEY_FRAMEWORK_VERSION])
 
 
 FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = _final_validate
@@ -116,20 +158,6 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     # so this =1 is the single CFG_SUPPORT_BLE define emitted.
     cg.add_platformio_option("custom_options.sys_config#h", ["CFG_SUPPORT_BLE=1"])
 
-    # Pin the Beken BDK release the BLE 5.x stack is validated against. The
-    # bundled 3.0.33 has an older BLE header/library layout — and with
-    # CFG_SUPPORT_BLE=1 the SDK runs its BLE init unconditionally during boot
-    # (the reason the libretiny platform sets =0 when BLE is unused), so a
-    # mismatched BDK can crash the device before WiFi comes up regardless of
-    # enable_on_boot. Pinning here makes a plain config build against the
-    # validated BDK without any manual platformio_options.
-    _LOGGER.warning(
-        "bk72xx_ble builds with beken-bdk 3.0.78 instead of the platform's bundled "
-        "default: the default's older BLE layout can crash the device at boot when "
-        "BLE is compiled in"
-    )
-    cg.add_platformio_option("custom_versions.beken-bdk", "3.0.78")
-
     # The BDK exposes the controller's BLE address as `common_default_bdaddr` on
     # BK7231N, but NOT on BK7238 (its BLE stack has no such symbol; the address is
     # derived from the WiFi MAC instead — the BDK's own fallback). Tell the C++

esphome/components/bp1658cj/bp1658cj.cpp

@@ -80,7 +80,8 @@ void BP1658CJ::loop() {
   this->update_ = false;
 }
 
-void BP1658CJ::set_channel_value_(uint8_t channel, uint16_t value) {
+void BP1658CJ::write_channel(uint8_t channel, float state) {
+  auto value = static_cast<uint16_t>(state * 0x3FF);
   if (this->pwm_amounts_[channel] != value) {
     this->update_ = true;
     this->update_channel_ = channel;

esphome/components/bp1658cj/bp1658cj.h

@@ -2,15 +2,12 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
-#include "esphome/components/output/float_output.h"
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace esphome::bp1658cj {
 
 class BP1658CJ final : public Component {
  public:
-  class Channel;
-
   void set_data_pin(GPIOPin *data_pin) { data_pin_ = data_pin; }
   void set_clock_pin(GPIOPin *clock_pin) { clock_pin_ = clock_pin; }
   void set_max_power_color_channels(uint8_t max_power_color_channels) {
@@ -29,23 +26,9 @@ class BP1658CJ final : public Component {
   /// Send new values if they were updated.
   void loop() override;
 
-  class Channel final : public output::FloatOutput {
-   public:
-    void set_parent(BP1658CJ *parent) { parent_ = parent; }
-    void set_channel(uint8_t channel) { channel_ = channel; }
-
-   protected:
-    void write_state(float state) override {
-      auto amount = static_cast<uint16_t>(state * 0x3FF);
-      this->parent_->set_channel_value_(this->channel_, amount);
-    }
-
-    BP1658CJ *parent_;
-    uint8_t channel_;
-  };
+  void write_channel(uint8_t channel, float state);
 
  protected:
-  void set_channel_value_(uint8_t channel, uint16_t value);
   void write_bit_(bool value);
   void write_byte_(uint8_t data);
   void write_buffer_(uint8_t *buffer, uint8_t size);

esphome/components/bp1658cj/output.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import output
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_CHANNEL, CONF_ID
@@ -8,16 +7,15 @@ from . import BP1658CJ
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["bp1658cj"]
 
-Channel = BP1658CJ.class_("Channel", output.FloatOutput)
 
 CONF_BP1658CJ_ID = "bp1658cj_id"
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = output.FLOAT_OUTPUT_SCHEMA.extend(
     {
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_BP1658CJ_ID): cv.use_id(BP1658CJ),
-        cv.Required(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(Channel),
+        cv.Required(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(output.ApplyFloatOutput),
         cv.Required(CONF_CHANNEL): cv.int_range(min=0, max=4),
     }
-).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
+)
 
 
 FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = output.final_validate_unique_channel(
@@ -26,8 +24,6 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = output.final_validate_unique_channel(
 
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
-    await output.register_output(var, config)
-
-    await cg.register_parented(var, config[CONF_BP1658CJ_ID])
-    cg.add(var.set_channel(config[CONF_CHANNEL]))
+    await output.sub_float_outputs(config, parent=config[CONF_BP1658CJ_ID]).create(
+        config, None, config[CONF_CHANNEL], apply="write_channel(index, state)"
+    )

esphome/components/bq25186/bq25186_text_sensor.cpp

@@ -14,11 +14,7 @@ void BQ25186TextSensor::on_status(const BQ25186StatusRegisters &status) {
   if (value == this->last_)
     return;
   this->last_ = value;
-  const ProgmemStr name = StatusStrings::get_progmem_str(this->first_ + value, StatusStrings::LAST_INDEX);
-  char text[32];
-  ESPHOME_strncpy_P(text, reinterpret_cast<ESPHOME_PGM_P>(name), sizeof(text));
-  text[sizeof(text) - 1] = '\0';
-  this->publish_state(text);
+  this->publish_state(StatusStrings::get_progmem_str(this->first_ + value, StatusStrings::LAST_INDEX));
 }
 
 }  // namespace esphome::bq25186

esphome/components/copy/sensor/__init__.py

@@ -13,19 +13,10 @@ from esphome.const import (
 from esphome.core.entity_helpers import inherit_property_from
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import copy_ns
-
-CopySensor = copy_ns.class_("CopySensor", sensor.Sensor, cg.Component)
-
-
-CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
-    sensor.sensor_schema(CopySensor)
-    .extend(
-        {
-            cv.Required(CONF_SOURCE_ID): cv.use_id(sensor.Sensor),
-        }
-    )
-    .extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = sensor.sensor_schema(sensor.Sensor).extend(
+    {
+        cv.Required(CONF_SOURCE_ID): cv.use_id(sensor.Sensor),
+    }
 )
 
 FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = cv.All(
@@ -40,6 +31,4 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = cv.All(
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     var = await sensor.new_sensor(config)
-    await cg.register_component(var, config)
-
-    await cg.add_variable(var.set_source, config[CONF_SOURCE_ID])
+    sensor.follow_sensor(var, await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_SOURCE_ID]))

esphome/components/copy/sensor/copy_sensor.cpp

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-#include "copy_sensor.h"
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
-
-namespace esphome::copy {
-
-ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "copy.sensor");
-
-void CopySensor::setup() {
-  source_->add_on_state_callback([this](float value) { this->publish_state(value); });
-  if (source_->has_state())
-    this->publish_state(source_->state);
-}
-
-void CopySensor::dump_config() { LOG_SENSOR("", "Copy Sensor", this); }
-
-}  // namespace esphome::copy

esphome/components/copy/sensor/copy_sensor.h

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/core/component.h"
-#include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
-
-namespace esphome::copy {
-
-class CopySensor final : public sensor::Sensor, public Component {
- public:
-  void set_source(sensor::Sensor *source) { source_ = source; }
-  void setup() override;
-  void dump_config() override;
-
- protected:
-  sensor::Sensor *source_;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::copy

esphome/components/copy/text_sensor/__init__.py

@@ -5,19 +5,10 @@ from esphome.const import CONF_ENTITY_CATEGORY, CONF_ICON, CONF_SOURCE_ID
 from esphome.core.entity_helpers import inherit_property_from
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import copy_ns
-
-CopyTextSensor = copy_ns.class_("CopyTextSensor", text_sensor.TextSensor, cg.Component)
-
-
-CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
-    text_sensor.text_sensor_schema(CopyTextSensor)
-    .extend(
-        {
-            cv.Required(CONF_SOURCE_ID): cv.use_id(text_sensor.TextSensor),
-        }
-    )
-    .extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = text_sensor.text_sensor_schema(text_sensor.TextSensor).extend(
+    {
+        cv.Required(CONF_SOURCE_ID): cv.use_id(text_sensor.TextSensor),
+    }
 )
 
 FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = cv.All(
@@ -28,6 +19,4 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = cv.All(
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     var = await text_sensor.new_text_sensor(config)
-    await cg.register_component(var, config)
-
-    await cg.add_variable(var.set_source, config[CONF_SOURCE_ID])
+    text_sensor.follow_text_sensor(var, await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_SOURCE_ID]))

esphome/components/copy/text_sensor/copy_text_sensor.cpp

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-#include "copy_text_sensor.h"
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
-
-namespace esphome::copy {
-
-ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "copy.text_sensor");
-
-void CopyTextSensor::setup() {
-  source_->add_on_state_callback([this](const std::string &value) { this->publish_state(value); });
-  if (source_->has_state())
-    this->publish_state(source_->state);
-}
-
-void CopyTextSensor::dump_config() { LOG_TEXT_SENSOR("", "Copy Sensor", this); }
-
-}  // namespace esphome::copy

esphome/components/copy/text_sensor/copy_text_sensor.h

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/core/component.h"
-#include "esphome/components/text_sensor/text_sensor.h"
-
-namespace esphome::copy {
-
-class CopyTextSensor final : public text_sensor::TextSensor, public Component {
- public:
-  void set_source(text_sensor::TextSensor *source) { source_ = source; }
-  void setup() override;
-  void dump_config() override;
-
- protected:
-  text_sensor::TextSensor *source_;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::copy

esphome/components/cw2017/cw2017.cpp

@@ -163,26 +163,21 @@ void CW2017::update() {
   if (!this->ready_)
     return;
 
+  bool ok = true;
   if (this->battery_level_sensor_ != nullptr) {
     uint8_t soc = 0;
-    if (this->read_byte(REG_SOC, &soc) && soc <= 100) {
+    ok = this->read_byte(REG_SOC, &soc) && soc <= 100;
+    if (ok)
       this->battery_level_sensor_->publish_state(soc);
-    } else {
-      this->status_set_warning();
-      return;
-    }
   }
 
-  if (this->battery_voltage_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+  if (ok && this->battery_voltage_sensor_ != nullptr) {
     uint16_t raw = 0;
-    if (this->read_byte_16(REG_VCELL, &raw)) {
+    ok = this->read_byte_16(REG_VCELL, &raw);
+    if (ok)
       this->battery_voltage_sensor_->publish_state((raw & VCELL_MASK) * VCELL_VOLTS_PER_LSB);
-    } else {
-      this->status_set_warning();
-      return;
-    }
   }
-  this->status_clear_warning();
+  this->status_comm_result(ok);
 }
 
 void CW2017::dump_config() {

esphome/components/cw2017/cw2017.h

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ class CW2017 : public PollingComponent, public i2c::I2CDevice {
  public:
   explicit CW2017(const uint8_t *profile) : profile_(profile) {}
 
-  void set_battery_level_sensor(sensor::Sensor *sensor) { this->battery_level_sensor_ = sensor; }
-  void set_battery_voltage_sensor(sensor::Sensor *sensor) { this->battery_voltage_sensor_ = sensor; }
+  SUB_SENSOR(battery_level)
+  SUB_SENSOR(battery_voltage)
 
   void setup() override;
   void update() override;
@@ -29,8 +29,6 @@ class CW2017 : public PollingComponent, public i2c::I2CDevice {
   void wait_ready_(uint8_t attempt);
 
   const uint8_t *profile_;
-  sensor::Sensor *battery_level_sensor_{nullptr};
-  sensor::Sensor *battery_voltage_sensor_{nullptr};
   bool ready_{false};
   bool restart_pending_{false};
   uint8_t init_attempts_{0};

esphome/components/dac7678/dac7678_output.cpp

@@ -48,15 +48,14 @@ void DAC7678Output::dump_config() {
   }
 }
 
-void DAC7678Output::register_channel(DAC7678Channel *channel) {
-  auto c = channel->channel_;
-  this->min_channel_ = std::min(this->min_channel_, c);
-  this->max_channel_ = std::max(this->max_channel_, c);
-  channel->set_parent(this);
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Registered channel: %01u", channel->channel_);
+void DAC7678Output::register_channel(uint8_t channel) {
+  this->min_channel_ = std::min(this->min_channel_, channel);
+  this->max_channel_ = std::max(this->max_channel_, channel);
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Registered channel: %01u", channel);
 }
 
-void DAC7678Output::set_channel_value_(uint8_t channel, uint16_t value) {
+void DAC7678Output::write_channel(uint8_t channel, float state) {
+  auto value = static_cast<uint16_t>(roundf(state * 0xFFF));
   if (channel >= std::size(this->dac_input_reg_))
     return;
   if (this->dac_input_reg_[channel] != value) {
@@ -71,10 +70,4 @@ void DAC7678Output::set_channel_value_(uint8_t channel, uint16_t value) {
   this->status_clear_warning();
 }
 
-void DAC7678Channel::write_state(float state) {
-  const float input_rounded = roundf(state * this->full_scale_);
-  auto input = static_cast<uint16_t>(input_rounded);
-  this->parent_->set_channel_value_(this->channel_, input);
-}
-
 }  // namespace esphome::dac7678

esphome/components/dac7678/dac7678_output.h

@@ -1,34 +1,17 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
-#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
-#include "esphome/components/output/float_output.h"
 #include "esphome/components/i2c/i2c.h"
 
 namespace esphome::dac7678 {
 
-class DAC7678Output;
-
-class DAC7678Channel final : public output::FloatOutput, public Parented<DAC7678Output> {
- public:
-  void set_channel(uint8_t channel) { channel_ = channel; }
-
- protected:
-  friend class DAC7678Output;
-
-  const uint16_t full_scale_ = 0xFFF;
-
-  void write_state(float state) override;
-
-  uint8_t channel_;
-};
-
 /// DAC7678 float output component.
 class DAC7678Output final : public Component, public i2c::I2CDevice {
  public:
   DAC7678Output() {}
 
-  void register_channel(DAC7678Channel *channel);
+  void register_channel(uint8_t channel);
+  void write_channel(uint8_t channel, float state);
 
   void set_internal_reference(const bool value) { this->internal_reference_ = value; }
 
@@ -37,12 +20,8 @@ class DAC7678Output final : public Component, public i2c::I2CDevice {
   float get_setup_priority() const override { return setup_priority::HARDWARE; }
 
  protected:
-  friend DAC7678Channel;
-
   bool internal_reference_;
 
-  void set_channel_value_(uint8_t channel, uint16_t value);
-
   uint8_t min_channel_{0xFF};
   uint8_t max_channel_{0x00};
   uint16_t dac_input_reg_[8] = {

esphome/components/dac7678/output.py

@@ -2,19 +2,17 @@ import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import output
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_CHANNEL, CONF_ID
-from esphome.cpp_generator import MockObj
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from . import DAC7678Output, dac7678_ns
+from . import DAC7678Output
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["dac7678"]
 
-DAC7678Channel = dac7678_ns.class_("DAC7678Channel", output.FloatOutput)
 CONF_DAC7678_ID = "dac7678_id"
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = output.FLOAT_OUTPUT_SCHEMA.extend(
     {
-        cv.Required(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(DAC7678Channel),
+        cv.Required(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(output.ApplyFloatOutput),
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_DAC7678_ID): cv.use_id(DAC7678Output),
         cv.Required(CONF_CHANNEL): cv.int_range(min=0, max=7),
     }
@@ -26,10 +24,9 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = output.final_validate_unique_channel(
 )
 
 
-async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> MockObj:
-    paren = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_DAC7678_ID])
-    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
-    cg.add(var.set_channel(config[CONF_CHANNEL]))
-    cg.add(paren.register_channel(var))
-    await output.register_output(var, config)
-    return var
+async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
+    hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_DAC7678_ID])
+    await output.sub_float_outputs(config, parent=hub).create(
+        config, None, config[CONF_CHANNEL], apply="write_channel(index, state)"
+    )
+    cg.add(hub.register_channel(config[CONF_CHANNEL]))

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0395/automation.h

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <algorithm>
+
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
@@ -27,9 +29,12 @@ class DfrobotSen0395SettingsAction final : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, det_max4)
 
   void play(const Ts &...x) override {
-    this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<PowerCommand>(0));
+    // Worst case: stop, factory reset, six settings, save, start
+    if (!this->parent_->has_queue_room(10))
+      return;
+    this->parent_->enqueue(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_POWER, false);
     if (this->factory_reset_.has_value() && this->factory_reset_.value(x...) == true) {
-      this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<FactoryResetCommand>());
+      this->parent_->enqueue(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_FACTORY_RESET);
     }
     if (this->det_min1_.has_value() && this->det_max1_.has_value()) {
       // Each segment is read once, so the guard and the command see the same values.
@@ -37,10 +42,10 @@ class DfrobotSen0395SettingsAction final : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented
       if (min1 >= 0) {
         const float max1 = this->det_max1_.value(x...);
         if (max1 >= 0) {
-          this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<DetRangeCfgCommand>(
-              min1, max1, this->det_min2_.value_or(x..., -1), this->det_max2_.value_or(x..., -1),
-              this->det_min3_.value_or(x..., -1), this->det_max3_.value_or(x..., -1),
-              this->det_min4_.value_or(x..., -1), this->det_max4_.value_or(x..., -1)));
+          this->parent_->enqueue_det_range_cfg(min1, max1, this->det_min2_.value_or(x..., -1),
+                                               this->det_max2_.value_or(x..., -1), this->det_min3_.value_or(x..., -1),
+                                               this->det_max3_.value_or(x..., -1), this->det_min4_.value_or(x..., -1),
+                                               this->det_max4_.value_or(x..., -1));
         }
       }
     }
@@ -48,38 +53,35 @@ class DfrobotSen0395SettingsAction final : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented
       float detect = this->delay_after_detect_.value(x...);
       float disappear = this->delay_after_disappear_.value(x...);
       if (detect >= 0 && disappear >= 0) {
-        this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<SetLatencyCommand>(detect, disappear));
+        this->parent_->enqueue_set_latency(detect, disappear);
       }
     }
     if (this->start_after_power_on_.has_value()) {
       int8_t val = this->start_after_power_on_.value(x...);
       if (val >= 0) {
-        this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<SensorCfgStartCommand>(val));
+        this->parent_->enqueue(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SENSOR_CFG_START, val);
       }
     }
     if (this->turn_on_led_.has_value()) {
       int8_t val = this->turn_on_led_.value(x...);
       if (val >= 0) {
-        this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<LedModeCommand>(val));
+        this->parent_->enqueue(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_LED_MODE, val);
       }
     }
     if (this->presence_via_uart_.has_value()) {
       int8_t val = this->presence_via_uart_.value(x...);
       if (val >= 0) {
-        this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<UartOutputCommand>(val));
+        this->parent_->enqueue(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_UART_OUTPUT, val);
       }
     }
     if (this->sensitivity_.has_value()) {
       int8_t val = this->sensitivity_.value(x...);
       if (val >= 0) {
-        if (val > 9) {
-          val = 9;
-        }
-        this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<SensitivityCommand>(val));
+        this->parent_->enqueue(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SENSITIVITY, std::min<int8_t>(val, 9));
       }
     }
-    this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<SaveCfgCommand>());
-    this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<PowerCommand>(1));
+    this->parent_->enqueue(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SAVE_CFG);
+    this->parent_->enqueue(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_POWER, true);
   }
 };
 

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0395/commands.cpp

@@ -1,332 +0,0 @@
-#include "commands.h"
-
-#include <cmath>
-
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
-
-#include "dfrobot_sen0395.h"
-
-namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0395 {
-
-ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "dfrobot_sen0395.commands");
-
-uint8_t Command::execute(DfrobotSen0395Component *parent) {
-  this->parent_ = parent;
-  if (this->cmd_sent_) {
-    if (this->parent_->read_message_()) {
-      std::string message(this->parent_->read_buffer_);
-      if (message.rfind("is not recognized as a CLI command") != std::string::npos) {
-        ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Command not recognized properly by sensor");
-        if (this->retries_left_ > 0) {
-          this->retries_left_ -= 1;
-          this->cmd_sent_ = false;
-          ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Retrying");
-          return 0;
-        } else {
-          this->parent_->find_prompt_();
-          return 1;  // Command done
-        }
-      }
-      uint8_t rc = on_message(message);
-      if (rc == 2) {
-        if (this->retries_left_ > 0) {
-          this->retries_left_ -= 1;
-          this->cmd_sent_ = false;
-          ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Retrying");
-          return 0;
-        } else {
-          this->parent_->find_prompt_();
-          return 1;  // Command done
-        }
-      } else if (rc == 0) {
-        return 0;
-      } else {
-        this->parent_->find_prompt_();
-        return 1;
-      }
-    }
-    if (millis() - this->parent_->ts_last_cmd_sent_ > this->timeout_ms_) {
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Command timeout");
-      if (this->retries_left_ > 0) {
-        this->retries_left_ -= 1;
-        this->cmd_sent_ = false;
-        ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Retrying");
-      } else {
-        return 1;  // Command done
-      }
-    }
-  } else if (this->parent_->send_cmd_(this->cmd_.c_str(), this->cmd_duration_ms_)) {
-    this->cmd_sent_ = true;
-  }
-  return 0;  // Command not done yet
-}
-
-uint8_t ReadStateCommand::execute(DfrobotSen0395Component *parent) {
-  this->parent_ = parent;
-  if (this->parent_->read_message_()) {
-    std::string message(this->parent_->read_buffer_);
-    if (message.rfind("$JYBSS,0, , , *") != std::string::npos) {
-      this->parent_->set_detected_(false);
-      this->parent_->set_active(true);
-      return 1;  // Command done
-    } else if (message.rfind("$JYBSS,1, , , *") != std::string::npos) {
-      this->parent_->set_detected_(true);
-      this->parent_->set_active(true);
-      return 1;  // Command done
-    }
-  }
-  if (millis() - this->parent_->ts_last_cmd_sent_ > this->timeout_ms_) {
-    return 1;  // Command done, timeout
-  }
-  return 0;  // Command not done yet.
-}
-
-uint8_t ReadStateCommand::on_message(std::string &message) { return 1; }
-
-uint8_t PowerCommand::on_message(std::string &message) {
-  if (message == "sensor stopped already") {
-    this->parent_->set_active(false);
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Stopped sensor (already stopped)");
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  } else if (message == "sensor started already") {
-    this->parent_->set_active(true);
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Started sensor (already started)");
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  } else if (message == "new parameter isn't save, can't startSensor") {
-    this->parent_->set_active(false);
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Can't start sensor! (Use SaveCfgCommand to save config first)");
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  } else if (message == "Done") {
-    this->parent_->set_active(this->power_on_);
-    if (this->power_on_) {
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Started sensor");
-    } else {
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Stopped sensor");
-    }
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  }
-  return 0;  // Command not done yet.
-}
-
-DetRangeCfgCommand::DetRangeCfgCommand(float min1, float max1, float min2, float max2, float min3, float max3,
-                                       float min4, float max4) {
-  // TODO: Print warning when values are rounded
-  if (min1 < 0 || max1 < 0) {
-    this->min1_ = min1 = 0;
-    this->max1_ = max1 = 0;
-    this->min2_ = min2 = this->max2_ = max2 = this->min3_ = min3 = this->max3_ = max3 = this->min4_ = min4 =
-        this->max4_ = max4 = -1;
-
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "DetRangeCfgCommand invalid input parameters. Using range config 0 0.");
-
-    this->cmd_ = "detRangeCfg -1 0 0";
-  } else if (min2 < 0 || max2 < 0) {
-    this->min1_ = min1 = roundf(min1 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->max1_ = max1 = roundf(max1 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->min2_ = min2 = this->max2_ = max2 = this->min3_ = min3 = this->max3_ = max3 = this->min4_ = min4 =
-        this->max4_ = max4 = -1;
-
-    char buf[72];  // max 72: "detRangeCfg -1 "(15) + 8 * (float(5) + space(1)) + null
-    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "detRangeCfg -1 %.0f %.0f", min1 / 0.15f, max1 / 0.15f);
-    this->cmd_ = buf;
-  } else if (min3 < 0 || max3 < 0) {
-    this->min1_ = min1 = roundf(min1 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->max1_ = max1 = roundf(max1 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->min2_ = min2 = roundf(min2 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->max2_ = max2 = roundf(max2 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->min3_ = min3 = this->max3_ = max3 = this->min4_ = min4 = this->max4_ = max4 = -1;
-
-    char buf[72];  // max 72: "detRangeCfg -1 "(15) + 8 * (float(5) + space(1)) + null
-    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "detRangeCfg -1 %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f", min1 / 0.15f, max1 / 0.15f, min2 / 0.15f,
-             max2 / 0.15f);
-    this->cmd_ = buf;
-  } else if (min4 < 0 || max4 < 0) {
-    this->min1_ = min1 = roundf(min1 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->max1_ = max1 = roundf(max1 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->min2_ = min2 = roundf(min2 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->max2_ = max2 = roundf(max2 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->min3_ = min3 = roundf(min3 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->max3_ = max3 = roundf(max3 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->min4_ = min4 = this->max4_ = max4 = -1;
-
-    char buf[72];  // max 72: "detRangeCfg -1 "(15) + 8 * (float(5) + space(1)) + null
-    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "detRangeCfg -1 %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f", min1 / 0.15f, max1 / 0.15f, min2 / 0.15f,
-             max2 / 0.15f, min3 / 0.15f, max3 / 0.15f);
-    this->cmd_ = buf;
-  } else {
-    this->min1_ = min1 = roundf(min1 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->max1_ = max1 = roundf(max1 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->min2_ = min2 = roundf(min2 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->max2_ = max2 = roundf(max2 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->min3_ = min3 = roundf(min3 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->max3_ = max3 = roundf(max3 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->min4_ = min4 = roundf(min4 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-    this->max4_ = max4 = roundf(max4 / 0.15f) * 0.15f;
-
-    char buf[72];  // max 72: "detRangeCfg -1 "(15) + 8 * (float(5) + space(1)) + null
-    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "detRangeCfg -1 %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f", min1 / 0.15f, max1 / 0.15f,
-             min2 / 0.15f, max2 / 0.15f, min3 / 0.15f, max3 / 0.15f, min4 / 0.15f, max4 / 0.15f);
-    this->cmd_ = buf;
-  }
-
-  this->min1_ = min1;
-  this->max1_ = max1;
-  this->min2_ = min2;
-  this->max2_ = max2;
-  this->min3_ = min3;
-  this->max3_ = max3;
-  this->min4_ = min4;
-  this->max4_ = max4;
-};
-
-uint8_t DetRangeCfgCommand::on_message(std::string &message) {
-  if (message == "sensor is not stopped") {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Cannot configure range config. Sensor is not stopped!");
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  } else if (message == "Done") {
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG,
-             "Updated detection area config:\n"
-             "  Detection area 1 from %.02fm to %.02fm.",
-             this->min1_, this->max1_);
-    if (this->min2_ >= 0 && this->max2_ >= 0) {
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "  Detection area 2 from %.02fm to %.02fm.", this->min2_, this->max2_);
-    }
-    if (this->min3_ >= 0 && this->max3_ >= 0) {
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "  Detection area 3 from %.02fm to %.02fm.", this->min3_, this->max3_);
-    }
-    if (this->min4_ >= 0 && this->max4_ >= 0) {
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "  Detection area 4 from %.02fm to %.02fm.", this->min4_, this->max4_);
-    }
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Used command: %s", this->cmd_.c_str());
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  }
-  return 0;  // Command not done yet.
-}
-
-SetLatencyCommand::SetLatencyCommand(float delay_after_detection, float delay_after_disappear) {
-  delay_after_detection = std::round(delay_after_detection / 0.025f) * 0.025f;
-  delay_after_disappear = std::round(delay_after_disappear / 0.025f) * 0.025f;
-  this->delay_after_detection_ = clamp(delay_after_detection, 0.0f, 1638.375f);
-  this->delay_after_disappear_ = clamp(delay_after_disappear, 0.0f, 1638.375f);
-  // max 32: "setLatency "(11) + float(8) + " "(1) + float(8) + null, rounded to 32
-  char buf[32];
-  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "setLatency %.03f %.03f", this->delay_after_detection_, this->delay_after_disappear_);
-  this->cmd_ = buf;
-};
-
-uint8_t SetLatencyCommand::on_message(std::string &message) {
-  if (message == "sensor is not stopped") {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Cannot configure output latency. Sensor is not stopped!");
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  } else if (message == "Done") {
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG,
-             "Updated output latency config:\n"
-             "  Signal that someone was detected is delayed by %.03f s.\n"
-             "  Signal that nobody is detected anymore is delayed by %.03f s.",
-             this->delay_after_detection_, this->delay_after_disappear_);
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Used command: %s", this->cmd_.c_str());
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  }
-  return 0;  // Command not done yet
-}
-
-uint8_t SensorCfgStartCommand::on_message(std::string &message) {
-  if (message == "sensor is not stopped") {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Cannot configure sensor startup behavior. Sensor is not stopped!");
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  } else if (message == "Done") {
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Updated sensor startup behavior:");
-    if (startup_mode_) {
-      this->parent_->set_start_after_boot(true);
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Sensor will start automatically after power-on.");
-    } else {
-      this->parent_->set_start_after_boot(false);
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Sensor needs to be started manually after power-on.");
-    }
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Used command: %s", this->cmd_.c_str());
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  }
-  return 0;  // Command not done yet
-}
-
-uint8_t FactoryResetCommand::on_message(std::string &message) {
-  if (message == "sensor is not stopped") {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Cannot factory reset. Sensor is not stopped!");
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  } else if (message == "Done") {
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Sensor factory reset done.");
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  }
-  return 0;  // Command not done yet
-}
-
-uint8_t ResetSystemCommand::on_message(std::string &message) {
-  if (message == "leapMMW:/>") {
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Restarted sensor.");
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  }
-  return 0;  // Command not done yet
-}
-
-uint8_t SaveCfgCommand::on_message(std::string &message) {
-  if (message == "no parameter has changed") {
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Not saving config (no parameter changed).");
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  } else if (message == "Done") {
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Saved config. Saving a lot may damage the sensor.");
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  }
-  return 0;  // Command not done yet
-}
-
-uint8_t LedModeCommand::on_message(std::string &message) {
-  if (message == "sensor is not stopped") {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Cannot set led mode. Sensor is not stopped!");
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  } else if (message == "Done") {
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Set led mode done.");
-    if (this->active_) {
-      this->parent_->set_led_active(true);
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Sensor LED will blink.");
-    } else {
-      this->parent_->set_led_active(false);
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Turned off LED.");
-    }
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Used command: %s", this->cmd_.c_str());
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  }
-  return 0;  // Command not done yet
-}
-
-uint8_t UartOutputCommand::on_message(std::string &message) {
-  if (message == "sensor is not stopped") {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Cannot set uart output mode. Sensor is not stopped!");
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  } else if (message == "Done") {
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Set uart mode done.");
-    if (this->active_) {
-      this->parent_->set_uart_presence_active(true);
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Presence information is sent via UART and GPIO.");
-    } else {
-      this->parent_->set_uart_presence_active(false);
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Presence information is only sent via GPIO.");
-    }
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Used command: %s", this->cmd_.c_str());
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  }
-  return 0;  // Command not done yet
-}
-
-uint8_t SensitivityCommand::on_message(std::string &message) {
-  if (message == "sensor is not stopped") {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Cannot set sensitivity. Sensor is not stopped!");
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  } else if (message == "Done") {
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Set sensitivity done. Set to value %d.", this->sensitivity_);
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Used command: %s", this->cmd_.c_str());
-    return 1;  // Command done
-  }
-  return 0;  // Command not done yet
-}
-
-}  // namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0395

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0395/commands.h

@@ -1,152 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <cstdint>
-#include <string>
-
-#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
-
-namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0395 {
-
-class DfrobotSen0395Component;
-
-// Use command queue and time stamps to avoid blocking.
-// When component has run time, check if minimum time (1s) between
-// commands has passed. After that run a command from the queue.
-class Command {
- public:
-  virtual ~Command() = default;
-  virtual uint8_t execute(DfrobotSen0395Component *parent);
-  virtual uint8_t on_message(std::string &message) = 0;
-
- protected:
-  DfrobotSen0395Component *parent_{nullptr};
-  std::string cmd_;
-  bool cmd_sent_{false};
-  int8_t retries_left_{2};
-  uint32_t cmd_duration_ms_{1000};
-  uint32_t timeout_ms_{1500};
-};
-
-class ReadStateCommand : public Command {
- public:
-  ReadStateCommand() { timeout_ms_ = 500; }
-  uint8_t execute(DfrobotSen0395Component *parent) override;
-  uint8_t on_message(std::string &message) override;
-};
-
-class PowerCommand : public Command {
- public:
-  PowerCommand(bool power_on) : power_on_(power_on) {
-    if (power_on) {
-      cmd_ = "sensorStart";
-    } else {
-      cmd_ = "sensorStop";
-    }
-  };
-  uint8_t on_message(std::string &message) override;
-
- protected:
-  bool power_on_;
-};
-
-class DetRangeCfgCommand : public Command {
- public:
-  DetRangeCfgCommand(float min1, float max1, float min2, float max2, float min3, float max3, float min4, float max4);
-  uint8_t on_message(std::string &message) override;
-
- protected:
-  float min1_, max1_, min2_, max2_, min3_, max3_, min4_, max4_;
-  // TODO: Set min max values in component, so they can be published as sensor.
-};
-
-class SetLatencyCommand : public Command {
- public:
-  SetLatencyCommand(float delay_after_detection, float delay_after_disappear);
-  uint8_t on_message(std::string &message) override;
-
- protected:
-  float delay_after_detection_;
-  float delay_after_disappear_;
-};
-
-class SensorCfgStartCommand : public Command {
- public:
-  SensorCfgStartCommand(bool startup_mode) : startup_mode_(startup_mode) {
-    char tmp_cmd[20];  // "sensorCfgStart " (15) + "0/1" (1) + null = 17
-    buf_append_printf(tmp_cmd, sizeof(tmp_cmd), 0, "sensorCfgStart %d", startup_mode);
-    cmd_ = std::string(tmp_cmd);
-  }
-  uint8_t on_message(std::string &message) override;
-
- protected:
-  bool startup_mode_;
-};
-
-class FactoryResetCommand : public Command {
- public:
-  FactoryResetCommand() { cmd_ = "factoryReset 0x45670123 0xCDEF89AB 0x956128C6 0xDF54AC89"; };
-  uint8_t on_message(std::string &message) override;
-};
-
-class ResetSystemCommand : public Command {
- public:
-  ResetSystemCommand() { cmd_ = "resetSystem"; }
-  uint8_t on_message(std::string &message) override;
-};
-
-class SaveCfgCommand : public Command {
- public:
-  SaveCfgCommand() {
-    cmd_ = "saveCfg 0x45670123 0xCDEF89AB 0x956128C6 0xDF54AC89";
-    cmd_duration_ms_ = 3000;
-    timeout_ms_ = 3500;
-  }
-  uint8_t on_message(std::string &message) override;
-};
-
-class LedModeCommand : public Command {
- public:
-  LedModeCommand(bool active) : active_(active) {
-    if (active) {
-      cmd_ = "setLedMode 1 0";
-    } else {
-      cmd_ = "setLedMode 1 1";
-    }
-  };
-  uint8_t on_message(std::string &message) override;
-
- protected:
-  bool active_;
-};
-
-class UartOutputCommand : public Command {
- public:
-  UartOutputCommand(bool active) : active_(active) {
-    if (active) {
-      cmd_ = "setUartOutput 1 1";
-    } else {
-      cmd_ = "setUartOutput 1 0";
-    }
-  };
-  uint8_t on_message(std::string &message) override;
-
- protected:
-  bool active_;
-};
-
-class SensitivityCommand : public Command {
- public:
-  SensitivityCommand(uint8_t sensitivity) : sensitivity_(sensitivity) {
-    if (sensitivity > 9)
-      sensitivity_ = sensitivity = 9;
-    char tmp_cmd[20];  // "setSensitivity " (15) + "0-9" (1) + null = 17
-    buf_append_printf(tmp_cmd, sizeof(tmp_cmd), 0, "setSensitivity %d", sensitivity);
-    cmd_ = std::string(tmp_cmd);
-  };
-  uint8_t on_message(std::string &message) override;
-
- protected:
-  uint8_t sensitivity_;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0395

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0395/dfrobot_sen0395.cpp

@@ -1,13 +1,27 @@
 #include "dfrobot_sen0395.h"
 
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstring>
+
+#include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
+#include "esphome/core/progmem.h"
 
 namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0395 {
 
 ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "dfrobot_sen0395");
-const char ASCII_CR = 0x0D;
-const char ASCII_LF = 0x0A;
+static constexpr char ASCII_CR = 0x0D;
+static constexpr char ASCII_LF = 0x0A;
+static constexpr float DET_RANGE_STEP_M = 0.15f;
+static constexpr float LATENCY_STEP_S = 0.025f;
+
+// What each CommandType cannot do while the sensor runs; empty for commands that do not need it stopped
+PROGMEM_STRING_TABLE(BusyActions, "", "configure range config", "configure output latency",
+                     "configure sensor startup behavior", "factory reset", "", "", "set led mode",
+                     "set uart output mode", "set sensitivity");
+static_assert(BusyActions::COUNT == static_cast<size_t>(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SENSITIVITY) + 1,
+              "BusyActions needs one entry per CommandType");
 
 void DfrobotSen0395Component::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "Dfrobot Mmwave Radar:");
@@ -23,23 +37,270 @@ void DfrobotSen0395Component::dump_config() {
 }
 
 void DfrobotSen0395Component::loop() {
-  if (cmd_queue_.is_empty()) {
-    // Command queue empty. Read sensor state.
-    cmd_queue_.enqueue(make_unique<ReadStateCommand>());
+  if (this->cmd_queue_.empty()) {
+    this->read_state_();
+    return;
   }
-
-  // Commands are non-blocking and need to be called repeatedly.
-  if (cmd_queue_.process(this)) {
-    // Dequeue if command is done
-    cmd_queue_.dequeue();
+  // Commands are non-blocking and need to be called repeatedly
+  if (this->run_command_(this->cmd_queue_.front(), App.get_loop_component_start_time())) {
+    this->cmd_queue_.pop();
+    this->cmd_sent_ = false;
+    this->retries_left_ = 2;
   }
 }
 
-int8_t DfrobotSen0395Component::enqueue(std::unique_ptr<Command> cmd) {
-  return cmd_queue_.enqueue(std::move(cmd));  // Transfer ownership using std::move
+bool DfrobotSen0395Component::enqueue(CommandType type, uint8_t arg) {
+  if (!this->cmd_queue_.push({type, arg})) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Command queue is full");
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
 }
 
-uint8_t DfrobotSen0395Component::read_message_() {
+bool DfrobotSen0395Component::has_queue_room(size_t count) const {
+  if (COMMAND_QUEUE_SIZE - this->cmd_queue_.size() >= count)
+    return true;
+  ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Command queue is full");
+  return false;
+}
+
+void DfrobotSen0395Component::enqueue_det_range_cfg(float min1, float max1, float min2, float max2, float min3,
+                                                    float max3, float min4, float max4) {
+  // TODO: Print warning when values are rounded
+  const float values[8] = {min1, max1, min2, max2, min3, max3, min4, max4};
+  int16_t steps[8];
+  bool in_use = true;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 8; i += 2) {
+    in_use = in_use && values[i] >= 0 && values[i + 1] >= 0;
+    for (size_t j = i; j < i + 2; j++) {
+      steps[j] = in_use ? static_cast<int16_t>(clamp(roundf(values[j] / DET_RANGE_STEP_M), 0.0f, 32767.0f)) : -1;
+    }
+  }
+  if (steps[0] < 0) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Invalid detection range, using 0 0");
+    steps[0] = steps[1] = 0;
+  }
+  if (this->enqueue(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_DET_RANGE_CFG))
+    memcpy(this->det_range_steps_, steps, sizeof(steps));
+}
+
+void DfrobotSen0395Component::enqueue_set_latency(float delay_after_detection, float delay_after_disappear) {
+  if (!this->enqueue(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SET_LATENCY))
+    return;
+  // 1638.375 s is 65535 steps
+  this->latency_steps_[0] =
+      static_cast<uint16_t>(clamp(std::round(delay_after_detection / LATENCY_STEP_S), 0.0f, 65535.0f));
+  this->latency_steps_[1] =
+      static_cast<uint16_t>(clamp(std::round(delay_after_disappear / LATENCY_STEP_S), 0.0f, 65535.0f));
+}
+
+void DfrobotSen0395Component::enqueue_saved_setting(CommandType type, bool value) {
+  const bool was_active = this->active_;
+  if (!this->has_queue_room(was_active ? 4 : 2))
+    return;
+  if (was_active)
+    this->enqueue(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_POWER, false);
+  this->enqueue(type, value);
+  this->enqueue(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SAVE_CFG);
+  if (was_active)
+    this->enqueue(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_POWER, true);
+}
+
+bool DfrobotSen0395Component::run_command_(const Command &cmd, uint32_t now) {
+  // The interval between two commands must be larger than the command duration
+  const uint32_t duration = cmd.type == CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SAVE_CFG ? 3000 : 1000;
+  if (!this->cmd_sent_) {
+    if (now - this->ts_last_cmd_sent_ > duration) {
+      char buf[64];  // "detRangeCfg -1" + 8 * " 32767" + null
+      this->format_command(cmd, buf, sizeof(buf));
+      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Sending command: %s", buf);
+      this->write_str(buf);
+      this->ts_last_cmd_sent_ = now;
+      this->cmd_sent_ = true;
+    }
+    return false;  // Command not done yet
+  }
+
+  if (this->read_message_()) {
+    if (ESPHOME_strstr_P(this->read_buffer_, ESPHOME_PSTR("is not recognized as a CLI command")) == nullptr) {
+      if (!this->handle_reply_(cmd))
+        return false;         // Command not done yet
+      this->read_message_();  // Skip the prompt
+      return true;
+    }
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Command not recognized properly by sensor");
+  } else if (now - this->ts_last_cmd_sent_ <= duration + 500) {
+    return false;  // Command not done yet
+  } else {
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Command timeout");
+  }
+
+  if (this->retries_left_ == 0) {
+    this->read_message_();  // Skip the prompt
+    return true;            // Give up
+  }
+  this->retries_left_--;
+  this->cmd_sent_ = false;
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Retrying");
+  return false;
+}
+
+void DfrobotSen0395Component::read_state_() {
+  if (!this->read_message_())
+    return;
+  if (ESPHOME_strstr_P(this->read_buffer_, ESPHOME_PSTR("$JYBSS,0, , , *")) != nullptr) {
+    this->set_detected_(false);
+    this->set_active(true);
+  } else if (ESPHOME_strstr_P(this->read_buffer_, ESPHOME_PSTR("$JYBSS,1, , , *")) != nullptr) {
+    this->set_detected_(true);
+    this->set_active(true);
+  }
+}
+
+static size_t append_cfg_key(char *buf, size_t size, size_t pos) {
+  return buf_append_str(buf, size, pos, " 0x45670123 0xCDEF89AB 0x956128C6 0xDF54AC89");
+}
+
+void DfrobotSen0395Component::format_command(const Command &cmd, char *buf, size_t size) const {
+  buf[0] = '\0';
+  switch (cmd.type) {
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_POWER:
+      if (cmd.arg) {
+        buf_append_str(buf, size, 0, "sensorStart");
+      } else {
+        buf_append_str(buf, size, 0, "sensorStop");
+      }
+      break;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_DET_RANGE_CFG: {
+      size_t pos = buf_append_str(buf, size, 0, "detRangeCfg -1");
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < 8 && this->det_range_steps_[i] >= 0; i += 2) {
+        pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, " %d %d", this->det_range_steps_[i], this->det_range_steps_[i + 1]);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SET_LATENCY:
+      buf_append_printf(buf, size, 0, "setLatency %.03f %.03f", this->latency_steps_[0] * LATENCY_STEP_S,
+                        this->latency_steps_[1] * LATENCY_STEP_S);
+      break;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SENSOR_CFG_START:
+      buf_append_printf(buf, size, 0, "sensorCfgStart %d", cmd.arg);
+      break;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_FACTORY_RESET:
+      append_cfg_key(buf, size, buf_append_str(buf, size, 0, "factoryReset"));
+      break;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_RESET_SYSTEM:
+      buf_append_str(buf, size, 0, "resetSystem");
+      break;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SAVE_CFG:
+      append_cfg_key(buf, size, buf_append_str(buf, size, 0, "saveCfg"));
+      break;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_LED_MODE:
+      buf_append_printf(buf, size, 0, "setLedMode 1 %d", cmd.arg ? 0 : 1);
+      break;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_UART_OUTPUT:
+      buf_append_printf(buf, size, 0, "setUartOutput 1 %d", cmd.arg ? 1 : 0);
+      break;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SENSITIVITY:
+      buf_append_printf(buf, size, 0, "setSensitivity %d", cmd.arg);
+      break;
+  }
+}
+
+bool DfrobotSen0395Component::handle_reply_(const Command &cmd) {
+  const char *message = this->read_buffer_;
+  auto is = [message](ESPHOME_PGM_P text) { return ESPHOME_strcmp_P(message, text) == 0; };
+
+  // Commands with their own replies
+  switch (cmd.type) {
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_POWER:
+      if (is(ESPHOME_PSTR("sensor stopped already"))) {
+        this->set_active(false);
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Stopped sensor (already stopped)");
+      } else if (is(ESPHOME_PSTR("sensor started already"))) {
+        this->set_active(true);
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Started sensor (already started)");
+      } else if (is(ESPHOME_PSTR("new parameter isn't save, can't startSensor"))) {
+        this->set_active(false);
+        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Can't start sensor! (Use SaveCfgCommand to save config first)");
+      } else if (is(ESPHOME_PSTR("Done"))) {
+        this->set_active(cmd.arg);
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "%s", cmd.arg ? LOG_STR_LITERAL("Started sensor") : LOG_STR_LITERAL("Stopped sensor"));
+      } else {
+        return false;
+      }
+      return true;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_RESET_SYSTEM:
+      if (!is(ESPHOME_PSTR("leapMMW:/>")))
+        return false;
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Restarted sensor.");
+      return true;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SAVE_CFG:
+      if (is(ESPHOME_PSTR("no parameter has changed"))) {
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Not saving config (no parameter changed).");
+      } else if (is(ESPHOME_PSTR("Done"))) {
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Saved config. Saving a lot may damage the sensor.");
+      } else {
+        return false;
+      }
+      return true;
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+
+  // Configuration commands, which need the sensor stopped
+  if (is(ESPHOME_PSTR("sensor is not stopped"))) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Cannot %s. Sensor is not stopped!",
+             LOG_STR_ARG(BusyActions::get_log_str(static_cast<uint8_t>(cmd.type), 0)));
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (!is(ESPHOME_PSTR("Done")))
+    return false;
+
+  switch (cmd.type) {
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_DET_RANGE_CFG:
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Updated detection area config:");
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < 8 && this->det_range_steps_[i] >= 0; i += 2) {
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "  Detection area %u from %.02fm to %.02fm.", static_cast<unsigned>(i / 2 + 1),
+                 this->det_range_steps_[i] * DET_RANGE_STEP_M, this->det_range_steps_[i + 1] * DET_RANGE_STEP_M);
+      }
+      break;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SET_LATENCY:
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG,
+               "Updated output latency config:\n"
+               "  Signal that someone was detected is delayed by %.03f s.\n"
+               "  Signal that nobody is detected anymore is delayed by %.03f s.",
+               this->latency_steps_[0] * LATENCY_STEP_S, this->latency_steps_[1] * LATENCY_STEP_S);
+      break;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SENSOR_CFG_START:
+      this->set_start_after_boot(cmd.arg);
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Updated sensor startup behavior: %s",
+               cmd.arg ? LOG_STR_LITERAL("sensor will start automatically after power-on.")
+                       : LOG_STR_LITERAL("sensor needs to be started manually after power-on."));
+      break;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_FACTORY_RESET:
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Sensor factory reset done.");
+      break;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_LED_MODE:
+      this->set_led_active(cmd.arg);
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Set led mode done. %s",
+               cmd.arg ? LOG_STR_LITERAL("Sensor LED will blink.") : LOG_STR_LITERAL("Turned off LED."));
+      break;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_UART_OUTPUT:
+      this->set_uart_presence_active(cmd.arg);
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Set uart mode done. %s",
+               cmd.arg ? LOG_STR_LITERAL("Presence information is sent via UART and GPIO.")
+                       : LOG_STR_LITERAL("Presence information is only sent via GPIO."));
+      break;
+    case CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_SENSITIVITY:
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Set sensitivity done. Set to value %d.", cmd.arg);
+      break;
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool DfrobotSen0395Component::read_message_() {
   while (this->available()) {
     uint8_t byte;
     this->read_byte(&byte);
@@ -62,33 +323,11 @@ uint8_t DfrobotSen0395Component::read_message_() {
       this->read_buffer_[this->read_pos_] = 0;
       this->read_pos_ = 0;
       ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Message: %s", this->read_buffer_);
-      return 1;  // Full message in buffer
-    } else {
-      this->read_pos_++;
+      return true;  // Full message in buffer
     }
+    this->read_pos_++;
   }
-  return 0;  // No full message yet
-}
-
-uint8_t DfrobotSen0395Component::find_prompt_() {
-  if (this->read_message_()) {
-    std::string message(this->read_buffer_);
-    if (message.rfind("leapMMW:/>") != std::string::npos) {
-      return 1;  // Prompt found
-    }
-  }
-  return 0;  // Not found yet
-}
-
-uint8_t DfrobotSen0395Component::send_cmd_(const char *cmd, uint32_t duration) {
-  // The interval between two commands must be larger than the specified duration (in ms).
-  if (millis() - ts_last_cmd_sent_ > duration) {
-    this->write_str(cmd);
-    ts_last_cmd_sent_ = millis();
-    return 1;  // Command sent
-  }
-  // Could not send command yet as command duration did not fully pass yet.
-  return 0;
+  return false;  // No full message yet
 }
 
 void DfrobotSen0395Component::set_detected_(bool detected) {
@@ -99,44 +338,4 @@ void DfrobotSen0395Component::set_detected_(bool detected) {
 #endif
 }
 
-int8_t CircularCommandQueue::enqueue(std::unique_ptr<Command> cmd) {
-  if (this->is_full()) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Command queue is full");
-    return -1;
-  } else if (this->is_empty()) {
-    front_++;
-  }
-  rear_ = (rear_ + 1) % COMMAND_QUEUE_SIZE;
-  commands_[rear_] = std::move(cmd);  // Transfer ownership using std::move
-  return 1;
-}
-
-std::unique_ptr<Command> CircularCommandQueue::dequeue() {
-  if (this->is_empty())
-    return nullptr;
-  std::unique_ptr<Command> dequeued_cmd = std::move(commands_[front_]);
-  if (front_ == rear_) {
-    front_ = -1;
-    rear_ = -1;
-  } else {
-    front_ = (front_ + 1) % COMMAND_QUEUE_SIZE;
-  }
-
-  return dequeued_cmd;
-}
-
-bool CircularCommandQueue::is_empty() { return front_ == -1; }
-
-bool CircularCommandQueue::is_full() { return (rear_ + 1) % COMMAND_QUEUE_SIZE == front_; }
-
-// Run execute method of first in line command.
-// Execute is non-blocking and has to be called until it returns 1.
-uint8_t CircularCommandQueue::process(DfrobotSen0395Component *parent) {
-  if (!is_empty()) {
-    return commands_[front_]->execute(parent);
-  } else {
-    return 1;
-  }
-}
-
 }  // namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0395

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0395/dfrobot_sen0395.h

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "esphome/components/uart/uart.h"
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
 #ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
 #include "esphome/components/binary_sensor/binary_sensor.h"
@@ -11,29 +12,30 @@
 #include "esphome/components/switch/switch.h"
 #endif
 
-#include "commands.h"
-
 namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0395 {
 
-const uint8_t MMWAVE_READ_BUFFER_LENGTH = 255;
+static constexpr uint8_t MMWAVE_READ_BUFFER_LENGTH = 255;
+static constexpr uint8_t COMMAND_QUEUE_SIZE = 20;
 
-// forward declaration due to circular dependency
-class DfrobotSen0395Component;
+// Keep in sync with the BusyActions table in dfrobot_sen0395.cpp
+enum class CommandType : uint8_t {
+  COMMAND_TYPE_POWER,
+  COMMAND_TYPE_DET_RANGE_CFG,
+  COMMAND_TYPE_SET_LATENCY,
+  COMMAND_TYPE_SENSOR_CFG_START,
+  COMMAND_TYPE_FACTORY_RESET,
+  COMMAND_TYPE_RESET_SYSTEM,
+  COMMAND_TYPE_SAVE_CFG,
+  COMMAND_TYPE_LED_MODE,
+  COMMAND_TYPE_UART_OUTPUT,
+  COMMAND_TYPE_SENSITIVITY,
+};
 
-static const uint8_t COMMAND_QUEUE_SIZE = 20;
-
-class CircularCommandQueue {
- public:
-  int8_t enqueue(std::unique_ptr<Command> cmd);
-  std::unique_ptr<Command> dequeue();
-  bool is_empty();
-  bool is_full();
-  uint8_t process(DfrobotSen0395Component *parent);
-
- protected:
-  int front_{-1};
-  int rear_{-1};
-  std::unique_ptr<Command> commands_[COMMAND_QUEUE_SIZE];
+/// A queued command. arg is the on/off flag, startup mode or sensitivity; the detection range and
+/// latency values are held by the component.
+struct Command {
+  CommandType type;
+  uint8_t arg;
 };
 
 class DfrobotSen0395Component final : public uart::UARTDevice, public Component {
@@ -93,9 +95,21 @@ class DfrobotSen0395Component final : public uart::UARTDevice, public Component
   }
 #endif
 
-  int8_t enqueue(std::unique_ptr<Command> cmd);
+  // Commands run one at a time from a queue, at least 1 s apart, so loop() never blocks
+  bool enqueue(CommandType type, uint8_t arg = 0);
+  /// True when count more commands fit; logs when they do not, so a stop/start sequence is never queued in part
+  bool has_queue_room(size_t count) const;
+  /// Queue a detection range config; segments are used up to the first one with a negative bound
+  void enqueue_det_range_cfg(float min1, float max1, float min2, float max2, float min3, float max3, float min4,
+                             float max4);
+  /// Queue an output latency config, both delays in seconds
+  void enqueue_set_latency(float delay_after_detection, float delay_after_disappear);
+  /// Queue a setting change, stopping the sensor around it and saving it when the sensor is running
+  void enqueue_saved_setting(CommandType type, bool value);
   /// Queue a sensor reset
-  void reset_system() { this->enqueue(make_unique<ResetSystemCommand>()); }
+  void reset_system() { this->enqueue(CommandType::COMMAND_TYPE_RESET_SYSTEM); }
+  /// Write the text sent to the sensor for cmd into buf
+  void format_command(const Command &cmd, char *buf, size_t size) const;
 
  protected:
 #ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
@@ -109,17 +123,22 @@ class DfrobotSen0395Component final : public uart::UARTDevice, public Component
   bool start_after_boot_{false};
   char read_buffer_[MMWAVE_READ_BUFFER_LENGTH];
   size_t read_pos_{0};
-  CircularCommandQueue cmd_queue_;
+  bool cmd_sent_{false};
+  uint8_t retries_left_{2};
+  StaticRingBuffer<Command, COMMAND_QUEUE_SIZE> cmd_queue_;
   uint32_t ts_last_cmd_sent_{0};
+  // Range and latency of the queued commands, in sensor steps (0.15 m, 0.025 s); a later command overwrites them
+  int16_t det_range_steps_[8]{};
+  uint16_t latency_steps_[2]{};
 
-  uint8_t read_message_();
-  uint8_t find_prompt_();
-  uint8_t send_cmd_(const char *cmd, uint32_t duration);
+  bool read_message_();
+  void read_state_();
+  /// Run the command at the front of the queue; true when it is done
+  bool run_command_(const Command &cmd, uint32_t now);
+  /// Handle a reply to a sent command; true when the command is done
+  bool handle_reply_(const Command &cmd);
 
   void set_detected_(bool detected);
-
-  friend class Command;
-  friend class ReadStateCommand;
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0395

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0395/switch/__init__.py

@@ -2,63 +2,49 @@ import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import switch
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_TYPE, ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG
-from esphome.cpp_generator import MockObjClass
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_DFROBOT_SEN0395_ID, DfrobotSen0395Component
+from .. import CONF_DFROBOT_SEN0395_ID, DfrobotSen0395Component, dfrobot_sen0395_ns
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["dfrobot_sen0395"]
 
-dfrobot_sen0395_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("dfrobot_sen0395")
-DfrobotSen0395Switch = dfrobot_sen0395_ns.class_(
-    "DfrobotSen0395Switch",
-    switch.Switch,
-    cg.Component,
-    cg.Parented.template(DfrobotSen0395Component),
-)
+CommandType = dfrobot_sen0395_ns.enum("CommandType", is_class=True)
 
-Sen0395PowerSwitch = dfrobot_sen0395_ns.class_(
-    "Sen0395PowerSwitch", DfrobotSen0395Switch
-)
-Sen0395LedSwitch = dfrobot_sen0395_ns.class_("Sen0395LedSwitch", DfrobotSen0395Switch)
-Sen0395UartPresenceSwitch = dfrobot_sen0395_ns.class_(
-    "Sen0395UartPresenceSwitch", DfrobotSen0395Switch
-)
-Sen0395StartAfterBootSwitch = dfrobot_sen0395_ns.class_(
-    "Sen0395StartAfterBootSwitch", DfrobotSen0395Switch
-)
-
-
-def _switch_schema(class_: MockObjClass) -> cv.Schema:
-    return (
-        switch.switch_schema(
-            class_,
-            entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
-        )
-        .extend(
-            {
-                cv.GenerateID(CONF_DFROBOT_SEN0395_ID): cv.use_id(
-                    DfrobotSen0395Component
-                ),
-            }
-        )
-        .extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
-    )
-
-
-CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.typed_schema(
+_SWITCH_SCHEMA = switch.switch_schema(
+    switch.ApplySwitch,
+    entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
+).extend(
     {
-        "sensor_active": _switch_schema(Sen0395PowerSwitch),
-        "turn_on_led": _switch_schema(Sen0395LedSwitch),
-        "presence_via_uart": _switch_schema(Sen0395UartPresenceSwitch),
-        "start_after_boot": _switch_schema(Sen0395StartAfterBootSwitch),
+        cv.GenerateID(CONF_DFROBOT_SEN0395_ID): cv.use_id(DfrobotSen0395Component),
     }
 )
 
+# Per type: the hub setter that stores the switch, and the command its writes queue
+_SWITCHES = {
+    "sensor_active": (
+        lambda hub: hub.set_sensor_active_switch,
+        f"enqueue({CommandType.COMMAND_TYPE_POWER}, state)",
+    ),
+    "turn_on_led": (
+        lambda hub: hub.set_turn_on_led_switch,
+        f"enqueue_saved_setting({CommandType.COMMAND_TYPE_LED_MODE}, state)",
+    ),
+    "presence_via_uart": (
+        lambda hub: hub.set_presence_via_uart_switch,
+        f"enqueue_saved_setting({CommandType.COMMAND_TYPE_UART_OUTPUT}, state)",
+    ),
+    "start_after_boot": (
+        lambda hub: hub.set_start_after_boot_switch,
+        f"enqueue_saved_setting({CommandType.COMMAND_TYPE_SENSOR_CFG_START}, state)",
+    ),
+}
+
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.typed_schema(dict.fromkeys(_SWITCHES, _SWITCH_SCHEMA))
+
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    parent = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_DFROBOT_SEN0395_ID])
-    var = await switch.new_switch(config)
-    await cg.register_component(var, config)
-    await cg.register_parented(var, parent)
-    cg.add(getattr(parent, f"set_{config[CONF_TYPE]}_switch")(var))
+    hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_DFROBOT_SEN0395_ID])
+    setter, apply = _SWITCHES[config[CONF_TYPE]]
+    await switch.sub_switches(config, parent=hub).create(
+        config, setter(hub), apply=apply
+    )

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0395/switch/dfrobot_sen0395_switch.cpp

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-#include "dfrobot_sen0395_switch.h"
-
-namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0395 {
-
-void Sen0395PowerSwitch::write_state(bool state) { this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<PowerCommand>(state)); }
-
-void Sen0395LedSwitch::write_state(bool state) {
-  bool was_active = false;
-  if (this->parent_->is_active()) {
-    was_active = true;
-    this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<PowerCommand>(false));
-  }
-  this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<LedModeCommand>(state));
-  this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<SaveCfgCommand>());
-  if (was_active) {
-    this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<PowerCommand>(true));
-  }
-}
-
-void Sen0395UartPresenceSwitch::write_state(bool state) {
-  bool was_active = false;
-  if (this->parent_->is_active()) {
-    was_active = true;
-    this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<PowerCommand>(false));
-  }
-  this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<UartOutputCommand>(state));
-  this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<SaveCfgCommand>());
-  if (was_active) {
-    this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<PowerCommand>(true));
-  }
-}
-
-void Sen0395StartAfterBootSwitch::write_state(bool state) {
-  bool was_active = false;
-  if (this->parent_->is_active()) {
-    was_active = true;
-    this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<PowerCommand>(false));
-  }
-  this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<SensorCfgStartCommand>(state));
-  this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<SaveCfgCommand>());
-  if (was_active) {
-    this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<PowerCommand>(true));
-  }
-}
-
-}  // namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0395

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0395/switch/dfrobot_sen0395_switch.h

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/components/switch/switch.h"
-#include "esphome/core/component.h"
-
-#include "../dfrobot_sen0395.h"
-
-namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0395 {
-
-class DfrobotSen0395Switch : public switch_::Switch, public Component, public Parented<DfrobotSen0395Component> {};
-
-class Sen0395PowerSwitch final : public DfrobotSen0395Switch {
- public:
-  void write_state(bool state) override;
-};
-
-class Sen0395LedSwitch final : public DfrobotSen0395Switch {
- public:
-  void write_state(bool state) override;
-};
-
-class Sen0395UartPresenceSwitch final : public DfrobotSen0395Switch {
- public:
-  void write_state(bool state) override;
-};
-
-class Sen0395StartAfterBootSwitch final : public DfrobotSen0395Switch {
- public:
-  void write_state(bool state) override;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::dfrobot_sen0395

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0465_base/__init__.py

@@ -34,10 +34,7 @@ DFRobotSEN0465Component = dfrobot_sen0465_base_ns.class_(
     "DFRobotSEN0465Component", cg.PollingComponent
 )
 AlarmType = dfrobot_sen0465_base_ns.enum("AlarmType", is_class=True)
-ALARM_TYPES = {
-    "LOW": AlarmType.ALARM_TYPE_LOW,
-    "HIGH": AlarmType.ALARM_TYPE_HIGH,
-}
+ALARM_TYPES = AlarmType.options("LOW", "HIGH", prefix="ALARM_TYPE_")
 
 # One piece of the temperature compensation from the DFRobot_MultiGasSensor library:
 # for low < T <= high, compensated = raw / (a * T + b) - (c * T + d)

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0465_base/dfrobot_sen0465_base.cpp

@@ -72,10 +72,7 @@ void DFRobotSEN0465Component::dump_config() {
   if (this->alarm_type_ == AlarmType::ALARM_TYPE_OFF) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Alarm: off");
   } else {
-    float scale = 1.0f;
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < this->alarm_decimals_; i++)
-      scale *= 10.0f;
-    const float threshold = this->alarm_threshold_ / scale;
+    const float threshold = this->alarm_threshold_ / pow10_int(this->alarm_decimals_);
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Alarm: %s %.*f",
                   this->alarm_type_ == AlarmType::ALARM_TYPE_HIGH ? LOG_STR_LITERAL("above") : LOG_STR_LITERAL("below"),
                   this->alarm_decimals_, threshold);
@@ -83,9 +80,6 @@ void DFRobotSEN0465Component::dump_config() {
   if (this->setup_incomplete_) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Setup incomplete: yes");
   }
-  if (this->is_failed()) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, ESP_LOG_MSG_COMM_FAIL);
-  }
   LOG_UPDATE_INTERVAL(this);
   LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Concentration", this->concentration_sensor_);
   LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Temperature", this->temperature_sensor_);
@@ -228,23 +222,14 @@ void DFRobotSEN0465Component::handle_data_(const uint8_t *frame) {
     return;
   }
 
-  float concentration = encode_uint16(frame[2], frame[3]);
-  switch (frame[5]) {
-    case 0:
-      break;
-    case 1:
-      concentration *= 0.1f;
-      break;
-    case 2:
-      concentration *= 0.01f;
-      break;
-    default:
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Invalid number of decimal places: %u", frame[5]);
-      if (this->concentration_sensor_ != nullptr)
-        this->concentration_sensor_->publish_state(NAN);
-      this->status_set_warning();
-      return;
+  if (frame[5] > 2) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Invalid number of decimal places: %u", frame[5]);
+    if (this->concentration_sensor_ != nullptr)
+      this->concentration_sensor_->publish_state(NAN);
+    this->status_set_warning();
+    return;
   }
+  float concentration = encode_uint16(frame[2], frame[3]) * pow10_int(-frame[5]);
 
 #ifdef USE_DFROBOT_SEN0465_TEMPERATURE_COMPENSATION
   if (!this->compensation_.empty())

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0609/dfrobot_sen0609.cpp

@@ -95,12 +95,6 @@ static bool answer_means_done(Operation operation, const char *line) {
   }
 }
 
-static bool parse_float(const char *str, float &value) {
-  char *end;
-  value = strtof(str, &end);
-  return end != str && *end == '\0';
-}
-
 static const LogString *operation_to_str(Operation operation) {
   switch (operation) {
     case Operation::OPERATION_STOP:
@@ -173,8 +167,8 @@ void DFRobotSEN0609Component::setup() {
     switch_::Switch *sw = this->switches_[i];
     if (sw == nullptr)
       continue;
-    const bool on = sw->get_initial_state_with_restore_mode().value_or(true);
-    this->publish_switch_(static_cast<SwitchSetting>(i), on != sw->is_inverted());
+    // A disabled restore mode leaves the switch on, which an inverted switch writes as off
+    this->publish_switch_(static_cast<SwitchSetting>(i), sw->get_initial_write_state().value_or(!sw->is_inverted()));
   }
 #endif
   this->queue_configuration_();
@@ -286,9 +280,6 @@ void DFRobotSEN0609Component::handle_frame_(char *line) {
     return;
   }
   char *fields[FRAME_FIELDS];
-  float distance;
-  float speed;
-  float energy;
   if (split_fields(line + 7, fields, FRAME_FIELDS) < FRAME_FIELDS) {
     this->log_bad_frame_(LOG_STR("Malformed target frame"), line);
     return;
@@ -308,7 +299,10 @@ void DFRobotSEN0609Component::handle_frame_(char *line) {
 #endif
     return;
   }
-  if (!parse_float(fields[2], distance) || !parse_float(fields[3], speed) || !parse_float(fields[4], energy)) {
+  const optional<float> distance = parse_number<float>(fields[2]);
+  const optional<float> speed = parse_number<float>(fields[3]);
+  const optional<float> energy = parse_number<float>(fields[4]);
+  if (!distance.has_value() || !speed.has_value() || !energy.has_value()) {
     this->log_bad_frame_(LOG_STR("Malformed target frame"), line);
     return;
   }
@@ -317,7 +311,7 @@ void DFRobotSEN0609Component::handle_frame_(char *line) {
     this->has_target_binary_sensor_->publish_state(true);
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
-  this->publish_target_(distance, speed, energy);
+  this->publish_target_(*distance, *speed, *energy);
 #endif
 }
 

esphome/components/display/__init__.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, Protocol
 
-from esphome import automation, core
+from esphome import automation, core, pins
 from esphome.automation import maybe_simple_id
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components.const import (
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_AUTO_CLEAR_ENABLED,
     CONF_DIMENSIONS,
+    CONF_ENABLE_PIN,
     CONF_FROM,
     CONF_HEIGHT,
     CONF_ID,
@@ -54,6 +56,33 @@ DISPLAY_ROTATIONS = {
 }
 
 
+class DisplayModel(Protocol):
+    """The parts of a display model used by enable_pin_schema()."""
+
+    def get_default(self, key: str, fallback: Any = ...) -> Any: ...
+
+
+def enable_pin_schema(
+    model: DisplayModel, config: ConfigType
+) -> dict[cv.Optional, Any]:
+    """
+    Get the schema entry for a display's enable pins.
+    Pins given in the user config are used as they are. Otherwise the model's default enable
+    pins are used, except any that is also used elsewhere in the config, so a user can take
+    control of that pin, e.g. with a switch.
+    :param config: The display config as given by the user
+    """
+    schema = cv.ensure_list(pins.gpio_output_pin_schema)
+    default = model.get_default(CONF_ENABLE_PIN, None)
+    if default is None or CONF_ENABLE_PIN in config:
+        return {cv.Optional(CONF_ENABLE_PIN): schema}
+    return {
+        cv.Optional(
+            CONF_ENABLE_PIN, default=default
+        ): pins.PIN_SCHEMA_REGISTRY.optional(schema)
+    }
+
+
 def validate_rotation(value):
     value = cv.string(value)
     value = value.removesuffix("°")

esphome/components/emc2101/output/__init__.py

@@ -1,23 +1,21 @@
-import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import output
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_ID
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_EMC2101_ID, EMC2101_COMPONENT_SCHEMA, emc2101_ns
+from .. import CONF_EMC2101_ID, EMC2101_COMPONENT_SCHEMA
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["emc2101"]
 
-EMC2101Output = emc2101_ns.class_("EMC2101Output", output.FloatOutput)
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = EMC2101_COMPONENT_SCHEMA.extend(
     {
-        cv.Required(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(EMC2101Output),
+        cv.Required(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(output.ApplyFloatOutput),
     }
 )
 
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    paren = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_EMC2101_ID])
-    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID], paren)
-    await output.register_output(var, config)
+    await output.sub_float_outputs(config, parent=config[CONF_EMC2101_ID]).create(
+        config, None, apply="set_duty_cycle(state)"
+    )

esphome/components/emc2101/output/emc2101_output.cpp

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-#include "emc2101_output.h"
-
-namespace esphome::emc2101 {
-
-void EMC2101Output::write_state(float state) { this->parent_->set_duty_cycle(state); }
-
-}  // namespace esphome::emc2101

esphome/components/emc2101/output/emc2101_output.h

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "../emc2101.h"
-#include "esphome/components/output/float_output.h"
-
-namespace esphome::emc2101 {
-
-/// This class allows to control the EMC2101 output.
-class EMC2101Output final : public output::FloatOutput {
- public:
-  EMC2101Output(Emc2101Component *parent) : parent_(parent) {}
-
- protected:
-  /** Used by ESPHome framework. */
-  void write_state(float state) override;
-
-  Emc2101Component *parent_;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::emc2101

esphome/components/entity_transport/__init__.py

@@ -1,175 +0,0 @@
-"""Send sensor and binary sensor states to other devices over a packet interface."""
-
-from collections.abc import Callable
-from typing import Any
-
-import esphome.codegen as cg
-from esphome.components import packet_interface
-from esphome.components.binary_sensor import BinarySensor
-from esphome.components.const import CONF_PROVIDER, CONF_REMOTE_ID
-from esphome.components.packet_interface import (
-    CONF_PACKET_INTERFACE,
-    final_validate_interface,
-    interface_layers,
-)
-from esphome.components.packet_interface.layers import CONF_SESSION
-from esphome.components.sensor import Sensor
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import (
-    CONF_BINARY_SENSORS,
-    CONF_ID,
-    CONF_SENSORS,
-    CONF_TIMEOUT,
-    CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
-)
-from esphome.cpp_generator import MockObj, MockObjClass
-from esphome.types import ConfigType
-
-CODEOWNERS = ["@clydebarrow"]
-DEPENDENCIES = ["packet_interface"]
-DOMAIN = "entity_transport"
-MULTI_CONF = True
-
-CONF_BROADCAST_ID = "broadcast_id"
-CONF_ENTITY_TRANSPORT_ID = "entity_transport_id"
-
-entity_transport_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("entity_transport")
-EntityTransport = entity_transport_ns.class_("EntityTransport", cg.Component)
-
-_request_remote_sensor_slot = cg.slot_counter("ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_SENSOR_COUNT")
-_request_remote_binary_sensor_slot = cg.slot_counter(
-    "ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_BINARY_SENSOR_COUNT"
-)
-
-
-def _advertised_id(conf: ConfigType) -> str:
-    return conf.get(CONF_BROADCAST_ID, conf[CONF_ID].id)
-
-
-def _unique_advertised_ids(entities: list[ConfigType]) -> list[ConfigType]:
-    """A receiver tells entities of one type apart by their advertised ids, so each must be different."""
-    seen: set[str] = set()
-    for index, conf in enumerate(entities):
-        if (advertised := _advertised_id(conf)) in seen:
-            raise cv.Invalid(
-                f"The id '{advertised}' is sent for two entities", path=[index]
-            )
-        seen.add(advertised)
-    return entities
-
-
-def _local_entity(cls: MockObjClass) -> Callable[[Any], Any]:
-    return cv.maybe_simple_value(
-        cv.Schema(
-            {
-                cv.Required(CONF_ID): cv.use_id(cls),
-                cv.Optional(CONF_BROADCAST_ID): cv.All(
-                    cv.validate_id_name, cv.Length(max=255)
-                ),
-            }
-        ),
-        key=CONF_ID,
-    )
-
-
-CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
-    {
-        cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(EntityTransport),
-        cv.Required(CONF_PACKET_INTERFACE): cv.use_id(packet_interface.PacketInterface),
-        # Defaults to a periodic resend unless the interface has session and reliability layers
-        cv.Optional(CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL): cv.All(
-            cv.update_interval, cv.Range(min=cv.TimePeriod(seconds=1))
-        ),
-        # Remote entities lose their state when none arrives for this long
-        cv.Optional(CONF_TIMEOUT): cv.All(
-            cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds,
-            cv.Range(min=cv.TimePeriod(seconds=1)),
-        ),
-        # Entities are numbered with one byte
-        cv.Optional(CONF_SENSORS): cv.All(
-            cv.ensure_list(_local_entity(Sensor)),
-            cv.Length(max=255),
-            _unique_advertised_ids,
-        ),
-        cv.Optional(CONF_BINARY_SENSORS): cv.All(
-            cv.ensure_list(_local_entity(BinarySensor)),
-            cv.Length(max=255),
-            _unique_advertised_ids,
-        ),
-    }
-).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
-
-
-def _final_validate(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
-    """With a session layer, which clears the states when the peer is lost, nothing would refresh an unchanged state."""
-    layers = interface_layers(config[CONF_PACKET_INTERFACE])
-    if CONF_TIMEOUT in config and layers is not None and CONF_SESSION in layers:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"Not allowed with a '{CONF_SESSION}' layer, which already clears the states when the other device "
-            "cannot be reached; unchanged states may never be sent again, so they would time out on a working link",
-            path=[CONF_TIMEOUT],
-        )
-    return config
-
-
-FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = cv.All(
-    final_validate_interface(CONF_PACKET_INTERFACE), _final_validate
-)
-
-
-def _validate_remote_id(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
-    if CONF_REMOTE_ID not in config and not config[CONF_ID].is_manual:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"'{CONF_REMOTE_ID}' is required unless '{CONF_ID}' is given")
-    return config
-
-
-def remote_entity_schema(base_schema: cv.Schema) -> cv.Schema:
-    """Schema for an entity whose state comes from another device."""
-    return cv.All(
-        base_schema.extend(
-            {
-                cv.GenerateID(CONF_ENTITY_TRANSPORT_ID): cv.use_id(EntityTransport),
-                cv.Required(CONF_PROVIDER): cv.valid_name,
-                cv.Optional(CONF_REMOTE_ID): cv.All(
-                    cv.string_strict, cv.Length(min=1, max=255)
-                ),
-            }
-        ),
-        _validate_remote_id,
-    )
-
-
-def _remote_id(config: ConfigType) -> str:
-    return config.get(CONF_REMOTE_ID) or config[CONF_ID].id
-
-
-async def register_remote_sensor(config: ConfigType, var: MockObj) -> None:
-    hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_ENTITY_TRANSPORT_ID])
-    _request_remote_sensor_slot(str(hub))
-    cg.add(hub.add_remote_sensor(config[CONF_PROVIDER], _remote_id(config), var))
-
-
-async def register_remote_binary_sensor(config: ConfigType, var: MockObj) -> None:
-    hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_ENTITY_TRANSPORT_ID])
-    _request_remote_binary_sensor_slot(str(hub))
-    cg.add(hub.add_remote_binary_sensor(config[CONF_PROVIDER], _remote_id(config), var))
-
-
-async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    interface = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_PACKET_INTERFACE])
-    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID], interface)
-    await cg.register_component(var, config)
-    if (interval := config.get(CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL)) is not None:
-        cg.add(var.set_update_interval(interval))
-    if (timeout := config.get(CONF_TIMEOUT)) is not None:
-        cg.add(var.set_remote_timeout(timeout))
-    sensors = config.get(CONF_SENSORS, [])
-    binary_sensors = config.get(CONF_BINARY_SENSORS, [])
-    if count := len(sensors) + len(binary_sensors):
-        cg.add(var.set_entity_count(count))
-    for conf in sensors:
-        sensor = await cg.get_variable(conf[CONF_ID])
-        cg.add(var.add_sensor(_advertised_id(conf), sensor))
-    for conf in binary_sensors:
-        sensor = await cg.get_variable(conf[CONF_ID])
-        cg.add(var.add_binary_sensor(_advertised_id(conf), sensor))

esphome/components/entity_transport/binary_sensor.py

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-from esphome.components import binary_sensor
-from esphome.types import ConfigType
-
-from . import register_remote_binary_sensor, remote_entity_schema
-
-CONFIG_SCHEMA = remote_entity_schema(binary_sensor.binary_sensor_schema())
-
-
-async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    var = await binary_sensor.new_binary_sensor(config)
-    await register_remote_binary_sensor(config, var)

esphome/components/entity_transport/entity_transport.cpp

@@ -1,683 +0,0 @@
-#include "entity_transport.h"
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <cmath>
-#include <cstring>
-#include "esphome/core/application.h"
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
-
-namespace esphome::entity_transport {
-
-using packet_interface::PacketBuffer;
-using packet_interface::PacketMetaData;
-
-ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "entity_transport");
-
-// The packet type byte holds the format version in its high nibble
-static constexpr uint8_t FORMAT_VERSION = 1;
-static constexpr uint8_t PACKET_DICTIONARY = 0x11;
-static constexpr uint8_t PACKET_DATA = 0x12;
-static constexpr uint8_t PACKET_REQUEST = 0x13;
-// Entity types, in dictionary sections and data records; 0 is not used
-static constexpr uint8_t TYPE_SENSOR = 1;
-static constexpr uint8_t TYPE_BINARY_SENSOR = 2;
-static constexpr uint8_t MAX_TYPE = 31;
-// Packet type and dictionary id
-static constexpr size_t HEADER_SIZE = 5;
-// A dictionary packet's part byte follows the header: the part's index in bits 0-6, and on the last part, bit 7
-static constexpr uint8_t PART_INDEX_MASK = 0x7F;
-static constexpr uint8_t PART_LAST = 0x80;
-static constexpr uint8_t PART_NONE = 0xFF;  // no dictionary is being received in order
-// A data record starts with a 16-bit tag: the entity's number in bits 0-7, its type in bits 8-12, the payload form in
-// bits 13-14, and with PAYLOAD_NONE, the state in bit 15. Any record can be skipped without knowing its type.
-static constexpr size_t TAG_SIZE = 2;
-static constexpr uint8_t TAG_TYPE_SHIFT = 8;
-static constexpr uint8_t TAG_PAYLOAD_SHIFT = 13;
-static constexpr uint16_t TAG_VALUE_BIT = 0x8000;
-static constexpr uint8_t PAYLOAD_NONE = 0;      // the state is in the tag's value bit
-static constexpr uint8_t PAYLOAD_WORD = 1;      // 4 bytes follow
-static constexpr uint8_t PAYLOAD_LENGTH = 2;    // a length byte follows, then that many bytes
-static constexpr uint8_t PAYLOAD_NO_STATE = 3;  // the entity has no state
-static constexpr size_t WORD_SIZE = 4;
-static constexpr size_t MAX_RECORD_SIZE = TAG_SIZE + WORD_SIZE;
-// A dictionary section starts with the entity type, first number and count
-static constexpr size_t SECTION_HEADER_SIZE = 3;
-static constexpr size_t MAX_STRING_LENGTH = 255;
-static constexpr uint32_t DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL_MS = 15000;
-static constexpr uint32_t REQUEST_INTERVAL_MS = 5000;
-static constexpr uint32_t RETRY_DELAY_MS = 1000;
-static constexpr uint32_t RETRY_TIMER_ID = 0;
-static constexpr uint32_t TIMEOUT_CHECK_INTERVAL_MS = 1000;
-static constexpr uint32_t WARNING_INTERVAL_MS = 60000;
-// How long the interface may refuse every packet before it is reported
-static constexpr uint32_t REFUSED_WARNING_MS = 60000;
-
-static void put_uint32(uint8_t *buf, uint32_t value) {
-  for (size_t i = 0; i != 4; i++)
-    buf[i] = value >> (i * 8);
-}
-
-// True if the NUL terminated str is the same as the len bytes at data
-static bool matches(const char *str, const char *data, size_t len) {
-  return strlen(str) == len && memcmp(str, data, len) == 0;
-}
-
-struct Record {
-  uint8_t number;
-  uint8_t type;
-  uint8_t payload;
-  bool value;
-  const uint8_t *data;  // what follows the tag
-};
-
-static Record parse_record(std::span<const uint8_t> packet, size_t pos) {
-  uint16_t tag = encode_uint16(packet[pos + 1], packet[pos]);
-  return {static_cast<uint8_t>(tag), static_cast<uint8_t>((tag >> TAG_TYPE_SHIFT) & MAX_TYPE),
-          static_cast<uint8_t>((tag >> TAG_PAYLOAD_SHIFT) & 3), (tag & TAG_VALUE_BIT) != 0,
-          packet.data() + pos + TAG_SIZE};
-}
-
-// The size of the data record at pos, or 0 if it does not fit in the packet
-static size_t record_size(std::span<const uint8_t> packet, size_t pos) {
-  if (pos + TAG_SIZE > packet.size())
-    return 0;
-  size_t size = TAG_SIZE;
-  uint8_t payload = parse_record(packet, pos).payload;
-  if (payload == PAYLOAD_WORD) {
-    size += WORD_SIZE;
-  } else if (payload == PAYLOAD_LENGTH) {
-    if (pos + TAG_SIZE == packet.size())
-      return 0;
-    size += 1 + packet[pos + TAG_SIZE];
-  }
-  return pos + size <= packet.size() ? size : 0;
-}
-
-// Checks every record of a data packet, so that a damaged or forged packet changes no state at all
-static bool data_well_formed(std::span<const uint8_t> packet) {
-  for (size_t pos = HEADER_SIZE; pos != packet.size();) {
-    size_t size = record_size(packet, pos);
-    if (size == 0)
-      return false;
-    Record record = parse_record(packet, pos);
-    if (record.type == 0 || (record.value && record.payload != PAYLOAD_NONE))
-      return false;
-    // Types this device knows must use their own payload form; others are skipped
-    if (record.type == TYPE_SENSOR && record.payload != PAYLOAD_WORD && record.payload != PAYLOAD_NO_STATE)
-      return false;
-    if (record.type == TYPE_BINARY_SENSOR && record.payload != PAYLOAD_NONE && record.payload != PAYLOAD_NO_STATE)
-      return false;
-    pos += size;
-  }
-  return true;
-}
-
-// Checks the device name and every section of a dictionary packet before anything is learnt from it
-static bool dictionary_well_formed(std::span<const uint8_t> packet) {
-  size_t pos = HEADER_SIZE + 1;
-  if (pos >= packet.size())
-    return false;
-  pos += 1 + packet[pos];
-  if (pos > packet.size())
-    return false;
-  while (pos != packet.size()) {
-    if (pos + SECTION_HEADER_SIZE > packet.size())
-      return false;
-    uint8_t type = packet[pos];
-    size_t first = packet[pos + 1];
-    size_t count = packet[pos + 2];
-    pos += SECTION_HEADER_SIZE;
-    // Numbers are one byte, and a data record can name types up to MAX_TYPE only
-    if (type == 0 || type > MAX_TYPE || count == 0 || first + count > 256)
-      return false;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i != count; i++) {
-      if (pos == packet.size())
-        return false;
-      pos += 1 + packet[pos];
-      if (pos > packet.size())
-        return false;
-    }
-  }
-  return true;
-}
-
-void EntityTransport::setup() {
-  this->interface_ = this->interface_->top();
-  this->max_packet_size_ = this->interface_->get_max_packet_size();
-  const auto &name = App.get_name();
-  size_t longest_id = 0;
-  for (const auto &entity : this->entities_)
-    longest_id = std::max(longest_id, strlen(entity.id));
-  // A dictionary packet must hold the device name and any one id, which also leaves room for a data record
-  if (name.size() > MAX_STRING_LENGTH || longest_id > MAX_STRING_LENGTH ||
-      HEADER_SIZE + 2 + name.size() + SECTION_HEADER_SIZE + 1 + longest_id > this->max_packet_size_) {
-    this->mark_failed(LOG_STR("max_packet_size too small for the device name and entity ids"));
-    return;
-  }
-  RAMAllocator<uint8_t> allocator;
-  this->buffer_ = allocator.allocate(this->max_packet_size_);
-  if (this->buffer_ == nullptr) {
-    this->mark_failed(LOG_STR("Not enough memory for the packet buffer"));
-    return;
-  }
-  // The dictionary id changes when the device name or any entity changes
-  uint32_t hash = fnv1a_hash(name.c_str());
-  for (const auto &entity : this->entities_) {
-    hash = fnv1a_hash_extend(hash, entity.is_sensor ? TYPE_SENSOR : TYPE_BINARY_SENSOR);
-    hash = fnv1a_hash_extend(hash, entity.id);
-  }
-  this->dictionary_id_ = hash;
-
-  // [&entity] is safe: FixedVector never reallocates, and the parent pointer keeps the capture to one pointer
-  for (auto &entity : this->entities_) {
-#ifdef USE_SENSOR
-    if (entity.is_sensor) {
-      static_cast<sensor::Sensor *>(entity.entity)->add_on_state_callback([&entity](float) {
-        entity.parent->mark_updated_(entity);
-      });
-    }
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
-    if (!entity.is_sensor) {
-      // The full state callback also fires for the first state
-      static_cast<binary_sensor::BinarySensor *>(entity.entity)
-          ->add_full_state_callback(
-              [&entity](optional<bool>, optional<bool>) { entity.parent->mark_updated_(entity); });
-    }
-#endif
-  }
-  this->interface_->add_packet_interface_listener(
-      [this](const PacketBuffer &data, const PacketMetaData &) { this->receive_(data); });
-
-  bool session = this->interface_->has_capability(packet_interface::CAPABILITY_SESSION);
-  if (session)
-    this->interface_->add_on_session_state_callback([this](bool connected) { this->on_session_(connected); });
-  // Without a session and reliable delivery, a lost dictionary or state is only replaced by a periodic resend
-  if (this->update_interval_ms_ == 0) {
-    this->update_interval_ms_ = session && this->interface_->has_capability(packet_interface::CAPABILITY_RELIABILITY)
-                                    ? SCHEDULER_DONT_RUN
-                                    : DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL_MS;
-  }
-  if (this->update_interval_ms_ != SCHEDULER_DONT_RUN)
-    this->set_interval(this->update_interval_ms_, [this] { this->send_all_(); });
-  if (this->remote_timeout_ms_ != 0)
-    this->set_interval(TIMEOUT_CHECK_INTERVAL_MS, [this] { this->clear_remote_states_(true); });
-  this->send_all_();
-}
-
-void EntityTransport::dump_config() {
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
-                "Entity Transport:\n"
-                "  Packet Interface: %s\n"
-                "  Max Packet Size: %zu\n"
-                "  Encryption: %s\n"
-                "  Reliability: %s\n"
-                "  Session: %s\n"
-                "  Dictionary ID: %08" PRIX32,
-                this->interface_->get_name(), this->max_packet_size_,
-                YESNO(this->interface_->has_capability(packet_interface::CAPABILITY_ENCRYPTION)),
-                YESNO(this->interface_->has_capability(packet_interface::CAPABILITY_RELIABILITY)),
-                YESNO(this->interface_->has_capability(packet_interface::CAPABILITY_SESSION)), this->dictionary_id_);
-  if (this->update_interval_ms_ == SCHEDULER_DONT_RUN) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Update Interval: never");
-  } else {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Update Interval: %" PRIu32 "ms", this->update_interval_ms_);
-  }
-  if (this->remote_timeout_ms_ != 0) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Remote Timeout: %" PRIu32 "ms", this->remote_timeout_ms_);
-  }
-  for (const auto &entity : this->entities_) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  %s %u: %s", entity.is_sensor ? LOG_STR_LITERAL("Sensor") : LOG_STR_LITERAL("Binary Sensor"),
-                  entity.number, entity.id);
-  }
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_SENSOR_COUNT
-  for (const auto &remote : this->remote_sensors_) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Remote Sensor: %s from %s", remote.remote_id, remote.provider);
-  }
-#endif
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_BINARY_SENSOR_COUNT
-  for (const auto &remote : this->remote_binary_sensors_) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Remote Binary Sensor: %s from %s", remote.remote_id, remote.provider);
-  }
-#endif
-}
-
-void EntityTransport::send_all_() {
-  this->dictionary_pending_ = true;
-  this->dictionary_next_ = 0;
-  this->dictionary_part_ = 0;
-  for (auto &entity : this->entities_)
-    entity.updated = true;
-  this->enable_loop();
-}
-
-void EntityTransport::mark_updated_(LocalEntity &entity) {
-  entity.updated = true;
-  this->enable_loop();
-}
-
-void EntityTransport::loop() {
-  this->disable_loop();
-  // States are only sent once the dictionary that names them has been accepted
-  if ((this->dictionary_pending_ && !this->send_dictionary_()) || !this->send_updated_()) {
-    this->sending_refused_();
-    this->set_timeout(RETRY_TIMER_ID, RETRY_DELAY_MS, [this] { this->enable_loop(); });
-    return;
-  }
-  this->refusing_ = false;
-  if (this->status_has_warning()) {
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Packets are accepted again");
-    this->status_clear_warning();
-  }
-}
-
-// A link that is down or full refuses packets for a while; one that refuses them for long sends nothing at all
-void EntityTransport::sending_refused_() {
-  uint32_t now = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
-  if (!this->refusing_) {
-    this->refusing_ = true;
-    this->refused_since_ms_ = now;
-    return;
-  }
-  if (!this->status_has_warning() && now - this->refused_since_ms_ >= REFUSED_WARNING_MS) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "The packet interface has accepted no packets for %" PRIu32 "s, so no states are sent",
-             (now - this->refused_since_ms_) / 1000);
-    this->status_set_warning();
-  }
-}
-
-size_t EntityTransport::write_header_(uint8_t type) const {
-  this->buffer_[0] = type;
-  put_uint32(this->buffer_ + 1, this->dictionary_id_);
-  return HEADER_SIZE;
-}
-
-bool EntityTransport::send_dictionary_() {
-  uint8_t *buf = this->buffer_;
-  const auto &name = App.get_name();
-  size_t header = this->write_header_(PACKET_DICTIONARY);
-  size_t part_offset = header++;
-  buf[header++] = name.size();
-  memcpy(buf + header, name.c_str(), name.size());
-  header += name.size();
-  size_t length = header;
-  size_t count_offset = 0;
-  uint8_t section_type = 0;  // none
-  // A dictionary in several packets resumes after the last packet accepted, so a refused one does not resend the rest
-  for (size_t i = this->dictionary_next_; i != this->entities_.size(); i++) {
-    const auto &entity = this->entities_[i];
-    uint8_t type = entity.is_sensor ? TYPE_SENSOR : TYPE_BINARY_SENSOR;
-    size_t id_length = strlen(entity.id);
-    bool new_section = type != section_type;
-    if (length + (new_section ? SECTION_HEADER_SIZE : 0) + 1 + id_length > this->max_packet_size_) {
-      buf[part_offset] = this->dictionary_part_ & PART_INDEX_MASK;
-      if (!this->interface_->send_to_interface(PacketBuffer(buf, length), {})) {
-        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Dictionary packet of %zu bytes not accepted, will retry", length);
-        return false;
-      }
-      this->dictionary_next_ = i;
-      this->dictionary_part_++;
-      length = header;
-      new_section = true;
-    }
-    if (new_section) {
-      buf[length++] = type;
-      buf[length++] = entity.number;
-      count_offset = length;
-      buf[length++] = 0;
-      section_type = type;
-    }
-    buf[count_offset]++;
-    buf[length++] = id_length;
-    memcpy(buf + length, entity.id, id_length);
-    length += id_length;
-  }
-  if (length != header) {
-    buf[part_offset] = (this->dictionary_part_ & PART_INDEX_MASK) | PART_LAST;
-    if (!this->interface_->send_to_interface(PacketBuffer(buf, length), {})) {
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Dictionary packet of %zu bytes not accepted, will retry", length);
-      return false;
-    }
-  }
-  this->dictionary_pending_ = false;
-  this->dictionary_next_ = 0;
-  this->dictionary_part_ = 0;
-  return true;
-}
-
-// Writes the entity's data record, and returns its size
-size_t EntityTransport::write_record_(const LocalEntity &entity, uint8_t *record) const {
-  uint8_t type = entity.is_sensor ? TYPE_SENSOR : TYPE_BINARY_SENSOR;
-  uint8_t payload = PAYLOAD_NO_STATE;
-  bool value = false;
-  size_t size = TAG_SIZE;
-#ifdef USE_SENSOR
-  if (entity.is_sensor) {
-    float state = static_cast<sensor::Sensor *>(entity.entity)->get_state();
-    if (!std::isnan(state)) {
-      payload = PAYLOAD_WORD;
-      uint32_t bits;
-      memcpy(&bits, &state, sizeof(bits));
-      put_uint32(record + TAG_SIZE, bits);
-      size += WORD_SIZE;
-    }
-  }
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
-  if (!entity.is_sensor) {
-    auto *sensor = static_cast<binary_sensor::BinarySensor *>(entity.entity);
-    if (sensor->has_state()) {
-      payload = PAYLOAD_NONE;
-      value = sensor->state;
-    }
-  }
-#endif
-  uint16_t tag =
-      entity.number | (type << TAG_TYPE_SHIFT) | (payload << TAG_PAYLOAD_SHIFT) | (value ? TAG_VALUE_BIT : 0);
-  record[0] = tag;
-  record[1] = tag >> 8;
-  return size;
-}
-
-// Sends every updated entity, in as few packets as fit; returns false if a packet was refused
-bool EntityTransport::send_updated_() {
-  size_t length = this->write_header_(PACKET_DATA);
-  size_t first = 0;
-  for (size_t i = 0; i != this->entities_.size(); i++) {
-    auto &entity = this->entities_[i];
-    if (!entity.updated)
-      continue;
-    uint8_t record[MAX_RECORD_SIZE];
-    size_t size = this->write_record_(entity, record);
-    if (length + size > this->max_packet_size_) {
-      if (!this->flush_(length, first, i))
-        return false;
-      length = HEADER_SIZE;
-      first = i;
-    }
-    memcpy(this->buffer_ + length, record, size);
-    length += size;
-  }
-  return this->flush_(length, first, this->entities_.size());
-}
-
-// Sends the packet holding the updated entities from first up to last, and clears their flags if it was accepted
-bool EntityTransport::flush_(size_t length, size_t first, size_t last) {
-  if (length == HEADER_SIZE)
-    return true;
-  if (!this->interface_->send_to_interface(PacketBuffer(this->buffer_, length), {})) {
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Packet of %zu bytes not accepted, will retry", length);
-    return false;
-  }
-  for (size_t i = first; i != last; i++)
-    this->entities_[i].updated = false;
-  return true;
-}
-
-void EntityTransport::receive_(const PacketBuffer &data) {
-  // Packet interface layers deliver packets in one piece
-  if (!data.is_contiguous()) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Packet split across buffers is not supported");
-    return;
-  }
-  auto packet = data.as_span();
-  if (packet.size() < HEADER_SIZE) {
-    if (this->warning_due_()) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Packet of %zu bytes is too short", packet.size());
-    }
-    return;
-  }
-  if (packet[0] >> 4 != FORMAT_VERSION) {
-    if (this->warning_due_()) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Packet format version %u not supported; the sender may run another ESPHome version",
-               packet[0] >> 4);
-    }
-    return;
-  }
-  uint32_t dictionary_id = encode_uint32(packet[4], packet[3], packet[2], packet[1]);
-  if (dictionary_id == this->dictionary_id_) {
-    // Either a request for our dictionary, or our own packet heard on a broadcast channel
-    if (packet[0] == PACKET_REQUEST && packet.size() == HEADER_SIZE) {
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Dictionary requested");
-      this->send_all_();
-    }
-    return;
-  }
-  if (packet[0] == PACKET_DICTIONARY) {
-    this->receive_dictionary_(packet, dictionary_id);
-  } else if (packet[0] == PACKET_DATA) {
-    this->receive_data_(packet, dictionary_id);
-  } else if (packet[0] != PACKET_REQUEST) {
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Unknown packet type 0x%02X", packet[0]);
-  }
-}
-
-void EntityTransport::receive_dictionary_(std::span<const uint8_t> packet, uint32_t dictionary_id) {
-  if (!dictionary_well_formed(packet)) {
-    if (this->warning_due_()) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Dictionary packet of %zu bytes is malformed", packet.size());
-    }
-    return;
-  }
-  size_t pos = HEADER_SIZE;
-  uint8_t part = packet[pos++];
-  uint8_t index = part & PART_INDEX_MASK;
-  // The dictionary is complete, and need not be asked for again, once its last part follows all the others in order
-  bool in_order = index == 0 || (this->rx_dictionary_id_ == dictionary_id && index == this->rx_next_part_);
-  this->rx_dictionary_id_ = dictionary_id;
-  this->rx_next_part_ = in_order ? (index + 1) & PART_INDEX_MASK : PART_NONE;
-  bool completed = in_order && (part & PART_LAST) != 0;
-  bool first_time = completed && !this->dictionary_seen_(dictionary_id);
-  if (first_time) {
-    this->seen_dictionaries_[this->seen_next_] = dictionary_id;
-    this->seen_next_ = (this->seen_next_ + 1) % this->seen_dictionaries_.size();
-  }
-  size_t provider_length = packet[pos++];
-  const auto *provider = reinterpret_cast<const char *>(packet.data() + pos);
-  pos += provider_length;
-  while (pos != packet.size()) {
-    uint8_t type = packet[pos];
-    uint8_t number = packet[pos + 1];
-    uint8_t count = packet[pos + 2];
-    pos += SECTION_HEADER_SIZE;
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i != count; i++) {
-      size_t id_length = packet[pos++];
-      this->learn_(provider, provider_length, type, number + i, reinterpret_cast<const char *>(packet.data() + pos),
-                   id_length, dictionary_id);
-      pos += id_length;
-    }
-  }
-  // A provider may go back to a dictionary already seen, so every complete one is checked
-  if (completed)
-    this->forget_unnamed_(provider, provider_length, dictionary_id, first_time);
-}
-
-void EntityTransport::forget_unnamed_(const char *provider, size_t provider_length, uint32_t dictionary_id,
-                                      bool first_time) {
-  // A remote entity that its provider's whole dictionary does not name would otherwise keep no or a stale state
-  // silently
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_SENSOR_COUNT
-  for (auto &remote : this->remote_sensors_) {
-    if (!matches(remote.provider, provider, provider_length) || (remote.known && remote.dictionary_id == dictionary_id))
-      continue;
-    if (remote.known || first_time) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "'%s' does not send '%s'", remote.provider, remote.remote_id);
-    }
-    remote.known = false;
-    if (remote.has_state) {
-      remote.has_state = false;
-      remote.entity->publish_state(NAN);
-    }
-  }
-#endif
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_BINARY_SENSOR_COUNT
-  for (auto &remote : this->remote_binary_sensors_) {
-    if (!matches(remote.provider, provider, provider_length) || (remote.known && remote.dictionary_id == dictionary_id))
-      continue;
-    if (remote.known || first_time) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "'%s' does not send '%s'", remote.provider, remote.remote_id);
-    }
-    remote.known = false;
-    if (remote.has_state) {
-      remote.has_state = false;
-      remote.entity->invalidate_state();
-    }
-  }
-#endif
-}
-
-void EntityTransport::learn_(const char *provider, size_t provider_length, uint8_t type, uint8_t number, const char *id,
-                             size_t id_length, uint32_t dictionary_id) {
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_SENSOR_COUNT
-  if (type == TYPE_SENSOR) {
-    for (auto &remote : this->remote_sensors_) {
-      if (matches(remote.provider, provider, provider_length) && matches(remote.remote_id, id, id_length)) {
-        remote.dictionary_id = dictionary_id;
-        remote.number = number;
-        remote.known = true;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-#endif
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_BINARY_SENSOR_COUNT
-  if (type == TYPE_BINARY_SENSOR) {
-    for (auto &remote : this->remote_binary_sensors_) {
-      if (matches(remote.provider, provider, provider_length) && matches(remote.remote_id, id, id_length)) {
-        remote.dictionary_id = dictionary_id;
-        remote.number = number;
-        remote.known = true;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-#endif
-}
-
-bool EntityTransport::dictionary_seen_(uint32_t dictionary_id) const {
-  return std::find(this->seen_dictionaries_.begin(), this->seen_dictionaries_.end(), dictionary_id) !=
-         this->seen_dictionaries_.end();
-}
-
-void EntityTransport::receive_data_(std::span<const uint8_t> packet, uint32_t dictionary_id) {
-  bool known = false;
-  bool has_remotes = false;
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_SENSOR_COUNT
-  for (const auto &remote : this->remote_sensors_) {
-    known |= remote.known && remote.dictionary_id == dictionary_id;
-    has_remotes = true;
-  }
-#endif
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_BINARY_SENSOR_COUNT
-  for (const auto &remote : this->remote_binary_sensors_) {
-    known |= remote.known && remote.dictionary_id == dictionary_id;
-    has_remotes = true;
-  }
-#endif
-  if (!has_remotes)
-    return;
-  // Checked first, so a damaged packet does not make the provider resend everything
-  if (!data_well_formed(packet)) {
-    if (this->warning_due_()) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Data packet of %zu bytes is malformed", packet.size());
-    }
-    return;
-  }
-  // A dictionary not yet received in full may name our entities, or be a provider's new one; one received in full
-  // named all of them it could, so asking again would only make that provider resend everything
-  if (!this->dictionary_seen_(dictionary_id))
-    this->request_dictionary_(dictionary_id);
-  if (!known)
-    return;
-  [[maybe_unused]] uint32_t now = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
-  for (size_t pos = HEADER_SIZE; pos != packet.size(); pos += record_size(packet, pos)) {
-    [[maybe_unused]] Record record = parse_record(packet, pos);
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_SENSOR_COUNT
-    if (record.type == TYPE_SENSOR) {
-      float value = NAN;
-      if (record.payload == PAYLOAD_WORD) {
-        uint32_t bits = encode_uint32(record.data[3], record.data[2], record.data[1], record.data[0]);
-        memcpy(&value, &bits, sizeof(value));
-      }
-      for (auto &remote : this->remote_sensors_) {
-        if (remote.known && remote.dictionary_id == dictionary_id && remote.number == record.number) {
-          remote.last_state_ms = now;
-          remote.has_state = true;
-          remote.entity->publish_state(value);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-#endif
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_BINARY_SENSOR_COUNT
-    if (record.type == TYPE_BINARY_SENSOR) {
-      for (auto &remote : this->remote_binary_sensors_) {
-        if (!remote.known || remote.dictionary_id != dictionary_id || remote.number != record.number)
-          continue;
-        remote.last_state_ms = now;
-        remote.has_state = true;
-        if (record.payload == PAYLOAD_NO_STATE) {
-          remote.entity->invalidate_state();
-        } else {
-          remote.entity->publish_state(record.value);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-#endif
-  }
-}
-
-void EntityTransport::request_dictionary_(uint32_t dictionary_id) {
-  uint32_t now = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
-  if (this->request_sent_ && now - this->last_request_ms_ < REQUEST_INTERVAL_MS)
-    return;
-  uint8_t packet[HEADER_SIZE] = {PACKET_REQUEST};
-  put_uint32(packet + 1, dictionary_id);
-  // A refused request is tried again with the next data packet under that dictionary id
-  if (!this->interface_->send_to_interface(PacketBuffer(packet, sizeof(packet)), {})) {
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Request for dictionary %08" PRIX32 " not accepted", dictionary_id);
-    return;
-  }
-  this->request_sent_ = true;
-  this->last_request_ms_ = now;
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Requested dictionary %08" PRIX32, dictionary_id);
-}
-
-// Dropped packets point to a device with other firmware or a fault, and may arrive steadily, so warn only now and then
-bool EntityTransport::warning_due_() {
-  uint32_t now = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
-  if (this->warned_ && now - this->last_warning_ms_ < WARNING_INTERVAL_MS)
-    return false;
-  this->warned_ = true;
-  this->last_warning_ms_ = now;
-  return true;
-}
-
-// A newly connected or restarted peer needs the dictionary and every state; while it is lost, its entities have no
-// state
-void EntityTransport::on_session_(bool connected) {
-  if (connected) {
-    this->send_all_();
-    return;
-  }
-  this->clear_remote_states_(false);
-}
-
-// Clears the state of every remote entity, or with timed_out_only, of those whose state is older than the timeout
-void EntityTransport::clear_remote_states_(bool timed_out_only) {
-  [[maybe_unused]] uint32_t now = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_SENSOR_COUNT
-  for (auto &remote : this->remote_sensors_) {
-    if (timed_out_only && (!remote.has_state || now - remote.last_state_ms <= this->remote_timeout_ms_))
-      continue;
-    remote.has_state = false;
-    remote.entity->publish_state(NAN);
-  }
-#endif
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_BINARY_SENSOR_COUNT
-  for (auto &remote : this->remote_binary_sensors_) {
-    if (timed_out_only && (!remote.has_state || now - remote.last_state_ms <= this->remote_timeout_ms_))
-      continue;
-    remote.has_state = false;
-    remote.entity->invalidate_state();
-  }
-#endif
-}
-
-}  // namespace esphome::entity_transport

esphome/components/entity_transport/entity_transport.h

@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <array>
-#include <span>
-
-#include "esphome/components/packet_interface/packet_interface.h"
-#include "esphome/core/component.h"
-#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
-#include "esphome/core/entity_base.h"
-#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
-#ifdef USE_SENSOR
-#include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
-#include "esphome/components/binary_sensor/binary_sensor.h"
-#endif
-
-namespace esphome::entity_transport {
-
-/**
- * Sends the states of local sensors and binary sensors over a packet interface, and publishes the states received
- * from other devices to remote entities.
- *
- * Each device numbers its sensors and its binary sensors from 0, and sends a dictionary that gives the id for each
- * number. Data packets then refer to an entity by its number. Every packet carries the sender's dictionary id, a hash
- * of its device name and dictionary, so that a receiver knows which device sent it and which dictionary applies.
- * All values are little endian.
- *
- * Dictionary packet:
- * - type: 1 byte, PACKET_DICTIONARY;
- * - dictionary id: 4 bytes;
- * - part: 1 byte, the packet's index in the dictionary in bits 0-6, counting from 0 and wrapping, and bit 7 set on
- *   the last packet;
- * - sender's device name: length (1 byte), then the name;
- * - one or more sections, each: entity type (1 byte), first number (1 byte), count (1 byte), then for each entity
- *   its id: length (1 byte), then the id.
- *
- * Data packet:
- * - type: 1 byte, PACKET_DATA;
- * - dictionary id: 4 bytes;
- * - records, to the end, each a 16-bit tag, then its payload. The tag holds the entity's number in bits 0-7, its type
- *   in bits 8-12, and the payload form in bits 13-14: none, with the state in bit 15 (binary sensors); 4 bytes (a
- *   sensor's float); a length byte, then that many bytes; or no state, with no payload. The form gives the record's
- *   size, so a receiver skips records of types it does not know.
- *
- * Every packet is checked in full before anything in it is used, so a damaged or forged packet changes no state.
- *
- * Dictionary request packet, sent by a device that receives data with a dictionary id it has not received in full,
- * with every part in order:
- * - type: 1 byte, PACKET_REQUEST;
- * - the dictionary id wanted: 4 bytes.
- *
- * Changed states are sent from loop(). The dictionary and all states are sent at boot, when a session layer reports
- * the peer connected, when the dictionary is requested, and every update interval. Unless the interface has both a
- * session and a reliability layer, the update interval defaults to DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL_MS. When the interface
- * refuses a packet, sending is tried again after a delay, and a warning is set once it has refused every packet for a
- * minute. With a remote timeout, a remote entity loses its state when
- * none arrives for it within the timeout.
- */
-class EntityTransport : public Component {
- public:
-  explicit EntityTransport(packet_interface::PacketInterface *interface) : interface_(interface) {}
-
-  void setup() override;
-  void loop() override;
-  void dump_config() override;
-
-  /// 0 chooses the default for the interface's layers; SCHEDULER_DONT_RUN never resends.
-  void set_update_interval(uint32_t interval_ms) { this->update_interval_ms_ = interval_ms; }
-  /// Remote entities lose their state when none arrives for this long; 0 keeps the last state.
-  void set_remote_timeout(uint32_t timeout_ms) { this->remote_timeout_ms_ = timeout_ms; }
-  void set_entity_count(size_t count) { this->entities_.init(count); }
-  // Sensors must be added before binary sensors, so that data packets hold sensor records first
-#ifdef USE_SENSOR
-  void add_sensor(const char *id, sensor::Sensor *sensor) {
-    this->entities_.push_back({sensor, id, this, this->sensor_count_++, true, true});
-  }
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
-  void add_binary_sensor(const char *id, binary_sensor::BinarySensor *sensor) {
-    this->entities_.push_back({sensor, id, this, this->binary_sensor_count_++, false, true});
-  }
-#endif
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_SENSOR_COUNT
-  void add_remote_sensor(const char *provider, const char *remote_id, sensor::Sensor *sensor) {
-    this->remote_sensors_.push_back({provider, remote_id, sensor});
-  }
-#endif
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_BINARY_SENSOR_COUNT
-  void add_remote_binary_sensor(const char *provider, const char *remote_id, binary_sensor::BinarySensor *sensor) {
-    this->remote_binary_sensors_.push_back({provider, remote_id, sensor});
-  }
-#endif
-
- protected:
-  struct LocalEntity {
-    EntityBase *entity;  // a sensor::Sensor or a binary_sensor::BinarySensor, as is_sensor says
-    const char *id;
-    EntityTransport *parent;
-    uint8_t number;
-    bool is_sensor;
-    bool updated;
-  };
-  template<typename T> struct RemoteEntity {
-    const char *provider;
-    const char *remote_id;
-    T *entity;
-    uint32_t dictionary_id{0};  // learnt from the provider's dictionary
-    uint32_t last_state_ms{0};
-    uint8_t number{0};
-    bool known{false};
-    bool has_state{false};  // a state arrived, and has not yet timed out
-  };
-
-  void send_all_();
-  void mark_updated_(LocalEntity &entity);
-  bool send_dictionary_();
-  bool send_updated_();
-  size_t write_record_(const LocalEntity &entity, uint8_t *record) const;
-  bool flush_(size_t length, size_t first, size_t last);
-  size_t write_header_(uint8_t type) const;
-  void receive_(const packet_interface::PacketBuffer &data);
-  void receive_dictionary_(std::span<const uint8_t> packet, uint32_t dictionary_id);
-  void receive_data_(std::span<const uint8_t> packet, uint32_t dictionary_id);
-  void learn_(const char *provider, size_t provider_length, uint8_t type, uint8_t number, const char *id,
-              size_t id_length, uint32_t dictionary_id);
-  void request_dictionary_(uint32_t dictionary_id);
-  bool dictionary_seen_(uint32_t dictionary_id) const;
-  /// Clears each remote entity of \p provider that its complete dictionary does not name, warning if the entity was
-  /// known or the dictionary is \p first_time seen, so a resent dictionary does not repeat the warning.
-  void forget_unnamed_(const char *provider, size_t provider_length, uint32_t dictionary_id, bool first_time);
-  bool warning_due_();
-  void sending_refused_();
-  void on_session_(bool connected);
-  void clear_remote_states_(bool timed_out_only);
-
-  packet_interface::PacketInterface *interface_;
-  FixedVector<LocalEntity> entities_;
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_SENSOR_COUNT
-  StaticVector<RemoteEntity<sensor::Sensor>, ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_SENSOR_COUNT> remote_sensors_;
-#endif
-#ifdef ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_BINARY_SENSOR_COUNT
-  StaticVector<RemoteEntity<binary_sensor::BinarySensor>, ENTITY_TRANSPORT_REMOTE_BINARY_SENSOR_COUNT>
-      remote_binary_sensors_;
-#endif
-  // Packets are built here, allocated in setup()
-  uint8_t *buffer_{nullptr};
-  size_t max_packet_size_{0};
-  uint32_t update_interval_ms_{0};
-  uint32_t remote_timeout_ms_{0};
-  uint32_t dictionary_id_{0};
-  uint32_t last_request_ms_{0};
-  uint32_t last_warning_ms_{0};
-  uint32_t refused_since_ms_{0};  // when the interface began refusing every packet
-  uint32_t rx_dictionary_id_{0};  // the dictionary whose parts are arriving
-  // The last dictionary ids received in full, so a provider whose dictionary names none of our entities is not asked
-  // again
-  std::array<uint32_t, 8> seen_dictionaries_{};
-  uint8_t seen_next_{0};
-  uint8_t rx_next_part_{0};     // the index of its next part, or PART_NONE if one was missed
-  uint8_t dictionary_part_{0};  // the index of the next dictionary packet to send
-  uint8_t sensor_count_{0};
-  uint8_t binary_sensor_count_{0};
-  size_t dictionary_next_{0};  // the first entity of the next dictionary packet to send
-  bool dictionary_pending_{true};
-  bool request_sent_{false};
-  bool warned_{false};
-  bool refusing_{false};
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::entity_transport

esphome/components/entity_transport/sensor.py

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-from esphome.components import sensor
-from esphome.types import ConfigType
-
-from . import register_remote_sensor, remote_entity_schema
-
-CONFIG_SCHEMA = remote_entity_schema(sensor.sensor_schema())
-
-
-async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    var = await sensor.new_sensor(config)
-    await register_remote_sensor(config, var)

esphome/components/epaper_spi/display.py

@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def model_schema(config):
             cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(class_name),
             cv.GenerateID(CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.uint8),
             cv_dimensions(CONF_DIMENSIONS): dimension_schema(model),
-            model.option(CONF_ENABLE_PIN): cv.ensure_list(pins.gpio_output_pin_schema),
+            **display.enable_pin_schema(model, config),
             model.option(CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE, cv.UNDEFINED): cv.ensure_list(
                 map_sequence
             ),

esphome/components/epaper_spi/models/__init__.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 from typing import Any, Self
 
+from esphome.components.mipi import check_model_requirements
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_DIMENSIONS, CONF_HEIGHT, CONF_OFFSET_HEIGHT, CONF_WIDTH
-from esphome.core import CORE
 from esphome.cpp_generator import MockObj
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
@@ -128,24 +128,5 @@ class EpaperModel:
         return model
 
     def check_requirements(self) -> None:
-        """
-        Raise a friendly error if any component this model requires is not configured.
-
-        This runs during schema validation (before ID references are resolved) so that a
-        model whose default pins live on a pin expander reports the missing expander clearly
-        instead of a cryptic "Couldn't find ID" from the unresolved pin reference.
-        """
-        if requirements := self.get_default("requires", set()):
-            # ``raw_config`` is populated before any component schema runs during a real
-            # validation, so presence of a required component is simply a top-level key.
-            # When it is absent (e.g. a unit test that invokes the schema directly) there
-            # is no config to check against, so skip.
-            global_config = CORE.raw_config
-            if global_config is None:
-                return
-            missing = {x for x in requirements if x not in global_config}
-            if missing:
-                reqstr = ", ".join(f"'{x}'" for x in sorted(missing))
-                raise cv.Invalid(
-                    f"{self.name} requires component{'s' if len(missing) > 1 else ''} {reqstr} to be configured"
-                )
+        """Check that the components this model needs are configured, see check_model_requirements()."""
+        check_model_requirements(self.name, self.defaults)

esphome/components/es8311/es8311.cpp

@@ -21,6 +21,23 @@ ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "es8311");
     return false; \
   }
 
+static constexpr i2c::I2CRegValue ES8311_POWER_UP[] PROGMEM = {
+    // Power up analog circuitry
+    {ES8311_REG0D_SYSTEM, 0x01},
+    // Enable analog PGA, enable ADC modulator
+    {ES8311_REG0E_SYSTEM, 0x02},
+    // Power up DAC
+    {ES8311_REG12_SYSTEM, 0x00},
+    // Enable output to HP drive
+    {ES8311_REG13_SYSTEM, 0x10},
+    // ADC Equalizer bypass, cancel DC offset in digital domain
+    {ES8311_REG1C_ADC, 0x6A},
+    // Bypass DAC equalizer
+    {ES8311_REG37_DAC, 0x08},
+    // Power On
+    {ES8311_REG00_RESET, 0x80},
+};
+
 void ES8311::setup() {
   // Reset
   ES8311_ERROR_FAILED(this->write_byte(ES8311_REG00_RESET, 0x1F));
@@ -33,20 +50,7 @@ void ES8311::setup() {
   // Set initial volume
   this->set_volume(0.75);  // 0.75 = 0xBF = 0dB
 
-  // Power up analog circuitry
-  ES8311_ERROR_FAILED(this->write_byte(ES8311_REG0D_SYSTEM, 0x01));
-  // Enable analog PGA, enable ADC modulator
-  ES8311_ERROR_FAILED(this->write_byte(ES8311_REG0E_SYSTEM, 0x02));
-  // Power up DAC
-  ES8311_ERROR_FAILED(this->write_byte(ES8311_REG12_SYSTEM, 0x00));
-  // Enable output to HP drive
-  ES8311_ERROR_FAILED(this->write_byte(ES8311_REG13_SYSTEM, 0x10));
-  // ADC Equalizer bypass, cancel DC offset in digital domain
-  ES8311_ERROR_FAILED(this->write_byte(ES8311_REG1C_ADC, 0x6A));
-  // Bypass DAC equalizer
-  ES8311_ERROR_FAILED(this->write_byte(ES8311_REG37_DAC, 0x08));
-  // Power On
-  ES8311_ERROR_FAILED(this->write_byte(ES8311_REG00_RESET, 0x80));
+  ES8311_ERROR_FAILED(this->write_registers(ES8311_POWER_UP));
 }
 
 void ES8311::dump_config() {

esphome/components/es8388/es8388.cpp

@@ -174,21 +174,11 @@ float ES8388::volume() {
 }
 
 bool ES8388::set_mute_state_(bool mute_state) {
-  uint8_t value = 0;
-
   this->is_muted_ = mute_state;
 
-  ES8388_ERROR_CHECK(this->read_byte(ES8388_DACCONTROL3, &value));
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Read ES8388_DACCONTROL3: 0x%02X", value);
-
-  // Only toggle the DACMute bit; the other bits of this register hold unrelated
-  // DAC settings that must be preserved. Previously muting overwrote the whole
-  // register with 0x3C and unmuting never cleared the bit, so once muted the DAC
-  // could not be unmuted again.
-  assign_bits(value, ES8388_DACCONTROL3_DAC_MUTE, mute_state);
-
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Setting ES8388_DACCONTROL3 to 0x%02X (muted: %s)", value, YESNO(mute_state));
-  return this->write_byte(ES8388_DACCONTROL3, value);
+  // Only toggle the DACMute bit; the other bits of this register hold unrelated DAC settings
+  return this->update_register(ES8388_DACCONTROL3, ES8388_DACCONTROL3_DAC_MUTE,
+                               mute_state ? ES8388_DACCONTROL3_DAC_MUTE : 0);
 }
 
 // Set dac power output

esphome/components/esp32/crash_handler.cpp

@@ -31,11 +31,25 @@ static inline bool IRAM_ATTR is_code_addr(uint32_t addr) {
 }
 
 #if CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ARCH_RISCV
+// Bounds of this image's flash-mapped code, from the ESP-IDF linker script.
+extern "C" char _instruction_reserved_start;
+extern "C" char _instruction_reserved_end;
+
+// Check that [start, end) lies in this image's flash-mapped code or in IRAM.
+// The IROM range is larger than what the MMU maps, and reading an unmapped
+// address faults.
+static inline bool is_readable_code(uint32_t start, uint32_t end) {
+  auto irom_start = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t>(&_instruction_reserved_start);
+  auto irom_end = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t>(&_instruction_reserved_end);
+  return (start >= irom_start && end <= irom_end) || (start >= SOC_IRAM_LOW && end <= SOC_IRAM_HIGH);
+}
+
 // Check if a code address is a real return address by verifying the preceding
 // instruction is a JAL or JALR with rd=ra (x1). Called at log time (not during
-// panic) so flash cache is available and both IRAM and IROM are safely readable.
+// panic) so flash cache is available. The address may come from an earlier
+// build, so check that the bytes before it are mapped before reading them.
 static inline bool is_return_addr(uint32_t addr) {
-  if (!is_code_addr(addr) || addr < 4)
+  if (!is_code_addr(addr) || !is_readable_code(addr - 4, addr))
     return false;
   // A return address on the stack points to the instruction after a call.
   // Check for 4-byte JAL/JALR call instruction before this address.

esphome/components/esp32/gpio.py

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 from collections.abc import Callable
-from dataclasses import dataclass
 import logging
-from typing import Any
 
 from esphome import pins
 import esphome.codegen as cg
@@ -41,23 +39,20 @@ from .const import (
     VARIANT_ESP32S31,
     esp32_ns,
 )
-from .gpio_esp32 import esp32_validate_gpio_pin, esp32_validate_supports
-from .gpio_esp32_c2 import esp32_c2_validate_gpio_pin, esp32_c2_validate_supports
-from .gpio_esp32_c3 import esp32_c3_validate_gpio_pin, esp32_c3_validate_supports
-from .gpio_esp32_c5 import esp32_c5_validate_gpio_pin, esp32_c5_validate_supports
-from .gpio_esp32_c6 import esp32_c6_validate_gpio_pin, esp32_c6_validate_supports
-from .gpio_esp32_c61 import esp32_c61_validate_gpio_pin, esp32_c61_validate_supports
-from .gpio_esp32_h2 import esp32_h2_validate_gpio_pin, esp32_h2_validate_supports
-from .gpio_esp32_h4 import esp32_h4_validate_gpio_pin, esp32_h4_validate_supports
-from .gpio_esp32_h21 import esp32_h21_validate_gpio_pin, esp32_h21_validate_supports
-from .gpio_esp32_p4 import esp32_p4_validate_gpio_pin, esp32_p4_validate_supports
-from .gpio_esp32_s2 import esp32_s2_validate_gpio_pin, esp32_s2_validate_supports
-from .gpio_esp32_s3 import (
-    esp32_s3_final_validate_pins,
-    esp32_s3_validate_gpio_pin,
-    esp32_s3_validate_supports,
-)
-from .gpio_esp32_s31 import esp32_s31_validate_gpio_pin, esp32_s31_validate_supports
+from .gpio_common import ESP32PinSpec
+from .gpio_esp32 import ESP32_PIN_SPEC
+from .gpio_esp32_c2 import ESP32_C2_PIN_SPEC
+from .gpio_esp32_c3 import ESP32_C3_PIN_SPEC
+from .gpio_esp32_c5 import ESP32_C5_PIN_SPEC
+from .gpio_esp32_c6 import ESP32_C6_PIN_SPEC
+from .gpio_esp32_c61 import ESP32_C61_PIN_SPEC
+from .gpio_esp32_h2 import ESP32_H2_PIN_SPEC
+from .gpio_esp32_h4 import ESP32_H4_PIN_SPEC
+from .gpio_esp32_h21 import ESP32_H21_PIN_SPEC
+from .gpio_esp32_p4 import ESP32_P4_PIN_SPEC
+from .gpio_esp32_s2 import ESP32_S2_PIN_SPEC
+from .gpio_esp32_s3 import ESP32_S3_PIN_SPEC, esp32_s3_final_validate_pins
+from .gpio_esp32_s31 import ESP32_S31_PIN_SPEC
 
 ESP32InternalGPIOPin = esp32_ns.class_("ESP32InternalGPIOPin", cg.InternalGPIOPin)
 
@@ -98,66 +93,23 @@ def _translate_pin(value):
     return _lookup_pin(value)
 
 
-@dataclass
-class ESP32ValidationFunctions:
-    pin_validation: Callable[[int], int]
-    usage_validation: Callable[[dict[str, Any]], dict[str, Any]]
-    final_validate: Callable[[ConfigType], None] | None = None
-
-
-_esp32_validations = {
-    VARIANT_ESP32: ESP32ValidationFunctions(
-        pin_validation=esp32_validate_gpio_pin, usage_validation=esp32_validate_supports
-    ),
-    VARIANT_ESP32C2: ESP32ValidationFunctions(
-        pin_validation=esp32_c2_validate_gpio_pin,
-        usage_validation=esp32_c2_validate_supports,
-    ),
-    VARIANT_ESP32C3: ESP32ValidationFunctions(
-        pin_validation=esp32_c3_validate_gpio_pin,
-        usage_validation=esp32_c3_validate_supports,
-    ),
-    VARIANT_ESP32C5: ESP32ValidationFunctions(
-        pin_validation=esp32_c5_validate_gpio_pin,
-        usage_validation=esp32_c5_validate_supports,
-    ),
-    VARIANT_ESP32C6: ESP32ValidationFunctions(
-        pin_validation=esp32_c6_validate_gpio_pin,
-        usage_validation=esp32_c6_validate_supports,
-    ),
-    VARIANT_ESP32C61: ESP32ValidationFunctions(
-        pin_validation=esp32_c61_validate_gpio_pin,
-        usage_validation=esp32_c61_validate_supports,
-    ),
-    VARIANT_ESP32H2: ESP32ValidationFunctions(
-        pin_validation=esp32_h2_validate_gpio_pin,
-        usage_validation=esp32_h2_validate_supports,
-    ),
-    VARIANT_ESP32H4: ESP32ValidationFunctions(
-        pin_validation=esp32_h4_validate_gpio_pin,
-        usage_validation=esp32_h4_validate_supports,
-    ),
-    VARIANT_ESP32H21: ESP32ValidationFunctions(
-        pin_validation=esp32_h21_validate_gpio_pin,
-        usage_validation=esp32_h21_validate_supports,
-    ),
-    VARIANT_ESP32P4: ESP32ValidationFunctions(
-        pin_validation=esp32_p4_validate_gpio_pin,
-        usage_validation=esp32_p4_validate_supports,
-    ),
-    VARIANT_ESP32S2: ESP32ValidationFunctions(
-        pin_validation=esp32_s2_validate_gpio_pin,
-        usage_validation=esp32_s2_validate_supports,
-    ),
-    VARIANT_ESP32S3: ESP32ValidationFunctions(
-        pin_validation=esp32_s3_validate_gpio_pin,
-        usage_validation=esp32_s3_validate_supports,
-        final_validate=esp32_s3_final_validate_pins,
-    ),
-    VARIANT_ESP32S31: ESP32ValidationFunctions(
-        pin_validation=esp32_s31_validate_gpio_pin,
-        usage_validation=esp32_s31_validate_supports,
-    ),
+_esp32_pin_specs: dict[str, ESP32PinSpec] = {
+    VARIANT_ESP32: ESP32_PIN_SPEC,
+    VARIANT_ESP32C2: ESP32_C2_PIN_SPEC,
+    VARIANT_ESP32C3: ESP32_C3_PIN_SPEC,
+    VARIANT_ESP32C5: ESP32_C5_PIN_SPEC,
+    VARIANT_ESP32C6: ESP32_C6_PIN_SPEC,
+    VARIANT_ESP32C61: ESP32_C61_PIN_SPEC,
+    VARIANT_ESP32H2: ESP32_H2_PIN_SPEC,
+    VARIANT_ESP32H4: ESP32_H4_PIN_SPEC,
+    VARIANT_ESP32H21: ESP32_H21_PIN_SPEC,
+    VARIANT_ESP32P4: ESP32_P4_PIN_SPEC,
+    VARIANT_ESP32S2: ESP32_S2_PIN_SPEC,
+    VARIANT_ESP32S3: ESP32_S3_PIN_SPEC,
+    VARIANT_ESP32S31: ESP32_S31_PIN_SPEC,
+}
+_final_validations: dict[str, Callable[[ConfigType], None]] = {
+    VARIANT_ESP32S3: esp32_s3_final_validate_pins,
 }
 
 
@@ -174,7 +126,7 @@ def gpio_pin_number_validator(value):
         return value
 
     variant = CORE.data[KEY_ESP32][KEY_VARIANT]
-    if variant not in _esp32_validations:
+    if variant not in _esp32_pin_specs:
         raise cv.Invalid(f"Unsupported ESP32 variant {variant}")
 
     return value
@@ -182,12 +134,12 @@ def gpio_pin_number_validator(value):
 
 def validate_gpio_pin(pin):
     variant = CORE.data[KEY_ESP32][KEY_VARIANT]
-    if variant not in _esp32_validations:
+    if variant not in _esp32_pin_specs:
         raise cv.Invalid(f"Unsupported ESP32 variant {variant}")
 
     ignore_pin_validation_warning = pin[CONF_IGNORE_PIN_VALIDATION_ERROR]
     try:
-        pin[CONF_NUMBER] = _esp32_validations[variant].pin_validation(pin[CONF_NUMBER])
+        pin[CONF_NUMBER] = _esp32_pin_specs[variant].validate_gpio_pin(pin[CONF_NUMBER])
     except cv.Invalid as exc:
         if not ignore_pin_validation_warning:
             raise
@@ -198,10 +150,10 @@ def validate_gpio_pin(pin):
             exc,
         )
     else:
-        # `ignore_pin_validation_error` only suppresses an error raised by the
-        # variant's pin_validation above (e.g. SPI flash/PSRAM pins, invalid pin
-        # numbers). If that didn't raise, the option is a no-op -- warn so the
-        # user can clean it up, but don't block the build.
+        # `ignore_pin_validation_error` only suppresses an error raised by
+        # validate_gpio_pin above (e.g. SPI flash/PSRAM pins); pin numbers out of
+        # range still fail validate_supports. If nothing raised, the option is a
+        # no-op -- warn so the user can clean it up, but don't block the build.
         if ignore_pin_validation_warning:
             _LOGGER.warning(
                 "GPIO%d has no validation errors to ignore; "
@@ -217,7 +169,7 @@ def validate_supports(value):
     is_output = mode[CONF_OUTPUT]
     is_open_drain = mode[CONF_OPEN_DRAIN]
     variant = CORE.data[KEY_ESP32][KEY_VARIANT]
-    if variant not in _esp32_validations:
+    if variant not in _esp32_pin_specs:
         raise cv.Invalid(f"Unsupported ESP32 variant {variant}")
 
     if is_open_drain and not is_output:
@@ -225,7 +177,7 @@ def validate_supports(value):
             "Open-drain only works with output mode", [CONF_MODE, CONF_OPEN_DRAIN]
         )
 
-    return _esp32_validations[variant].usage_validation(value)
+    return _esp32_pin_specs[variant].validate_supports(value)
 
 
 # https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/v3.3.5/api-reference/peripherals/gpio.html#_CPPv416gpio_drive_cap_t
@@ -276,6 +228,5 @@ async def esp32_pin_to_code(config):
 
 def final_validate_pins(full_config: ConfigType) -> None:
     """Run the active variant's pin final-validation, if it defines one."""
-    funcs = _esp32_validations.get(CORE.data[KEY_ESP32][KEY_VARIANT])
-    if funcs is not None and funcs.final_validate is not None:
-        funcs.final_validate(full_config)
+    if (final := _final_validations.get(CORE.data[KEY_ESP32][KEY_VARIANT])) is not None:
+        final(full_config)

esphome/components/esp32/gpio_common.py

@@ -1,26 +1,129 @@
 """Pin checks shared by the ESP32 variant validators."""
 
-from logging import Logger
-from typing import Any
+from collections.abc import Iterable, Mapping
+import logging
+from types import MappingProxyType
 
 from esphome.components.const import CONF_HOLD_STATE
-from esphome.const import CONF_NUMBER
+import esphome.config_validation as cv
+from esphome.const import (
+    CONF_MODE,
+    CONF_NUMBER,
+    CONF_OUTPUT,
+    CONF_PULLDOWN,
+    CONF_PULLUP,
+)
+from esphome.pins import check_strapping_pin
+from esphome.types import ConfigType
+
+_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+_NO_PINS: Mapping[int, str] = MappingProxyType({})
+
+_INPUT_ONLY_REJECTED_MODES = (
+    (CONF_OUTPUT, "does not support output pin mode."),
+    (CONF_PULLUP, "does not support pullups."),
+    (CONF_PULLDOWN, "does not support pulldowns."),
+)
 
 
-def check_usb_jtag_pin(num: int, usb_jtag_pins: set[int], logger: Logger) -> None:
-    if num in usb_jtag_pins:
-        logger.warning(
-            "GPIO%d is used by the USB-Serial-JTAG interface."
-            " Using this pin as GPIO will conflict with USB-Serial-JTAG.",
-            num,
-        )
+def spi_psram_errors(variant: str, functions: Mapping[int, str]) -> dict[int, str]:
+    """Error messages for pins taken by the SPI flash/PSRAM interface."""
+    return {
+        num: f"This pin cannot be used on {variant}s and is already used by the"
+        f" SPI/PSRAM interface (function: {function})"
+        for num, function in functions.items()
+    }
 
 
-def check_usb_jtag_hold(
-    conf: dict[str, Any], usb_jtag_pins: set[int], logger: Logger
-) -> None:
-    num = conf[CONF_NUMBER]
-    if conf.get(CONF_HOLD_STATE) and num in usb_jtag_pins:
-        logger.warning(
-            "GPIO%d cannot hold at low level during wakeup from deep sleep.", num
-        )
+def unusable_errors(variant: str, pins: Iterable[int]) -> dict[int, str]:
+    """Error messages for pins that are missing from the GPIO matrix."""
+    return {num: f"The pin GPIO{num} is not usable on {variant}s." for num in pins}
+
+
+class ESP32PinSpec:
+    """Pin facts of one ESP32 variant, with the two validators built from them.
+
+    `error_pins` fail pin validation, which `ignore_pin_validation_error` bypasses;
+    `fatal_pins` and pins above `max_pin` fail both validators, so the option cannot bypass them.
+    `input_only_label` is inserted after "GPIOn" in the input-only errors.
+    A plain class, not a dataclass: building a dataclass costs ~0.5 ms of import.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "error_pins",
+        "fatal_pins",
+        "input_only_label",
+        "input_only_pins",
+        "max_pin",
+        "no_hold_pins",
+        "strapping_pins",
+        "usb_jtag_pins",
+        "warning_pins",
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        max_pin: int,
+        strapping_pins: frozenset[int],
+        usb_jtag_pins: frozenset[int] = frozenset(),
+        error_pins: Mapping[int, str] = _NO_PINS,
+        fatal_pins: Mapping[int, str] = _NO_PINS,
+        warning_pins: Mapping[int, str] = _NO_PINS,
+        input_only_pins: frozenset[int] = frozenset(),
+        input_only_label: str = "",
+        no_hold_pins: frozenset[int] = frozenset(),
+    ) -> None:
+        self.max_pin = max_pin
+        self.strapping_pins = strapping_pins
+        self.usb_jtag_pins = usb_jtag_pins
+        self.error_pins = error_pins
+        self.fatal_pins = fatal_pins
+        self.warning_pins = warning_pins
+        self.input_only_pins = input_only_pins
+        self.input_only_label = input_only_label
+        self.no_hold_pins = no_hold_pins
+
+    def _check_pin_exists(self, num: int) -> None:
+        if num < 0 or num > self.max_pin:
+            raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {num} (must be 0-{self.max_pin})")
+        if (message := self.fatal_pins.get(num)) is not None:
+            raise cv.Invalid(message)
+
+    def validate_gpio_pin(self, value: int) -> int:
+        self._check_pin_exists(value)
+        if (message := self.error_pins.get(value)) is not None:
+            raise cv.Invalid(message)
+        if (message := self.warning_pins.get(value)) is not None:
+            _LOGGER.warning("%s", message)
+        if value in self.usb_jtag_pins:
+            _LOGGER.warning(
+                "GPIO%d is used by the USB-Serial-JTAG interface."
+                " Using this pin as GPIO will conflict with USB-Serial-JTAG.",
+                value,
+            )
+        return value
+
+    def validate_supports(self, value: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
+        num = value[CONF_NUMBER]
+        self._check_pin_exists(num)
+        hold = value.get(CONF_HOLD_STATE)
+        if num in self.input_only_pins:
+            prefix = f"GPIO{num}{self.input_only_label}"
+            mode = value[CONF_MODE]
+            for key, problem in _INPUT_ONLY_REJECTED_MODES:
+                if mode[key]:
+                    raise cv.Invalid(f"{prefix} {problem}", [CONF_MODE, key])
+            if hold:
+                raise cv.Invalid(
+                    f"{prefix} is input-only and cannot be held.", [CONF_HOLD_STATE]
+                )
+        if hold and num in self.no_hold_pins:
+            raise cv.Invalid(f"GPIO{num} has no hold function.", [CONF_HOLD_STATE])
+        if hold and num in self.usb_jtag_pins:
+            _LOGGER.warning(
+                "GPIO%d cannot hold at low level during wakeup from deep sleep.", num
+            )
+        check_strapping_pin(value, self.strapping_pins, _LOGGER)
+        return value

esphome/components/esp32/gpio_esp32.py

@@ -1,17 +1,4 @@
-import logging
-from typing import Any
-
-from esphome.components.const import CONF_HOLD_STATE
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import (
-    CONF_INPUT,
-    CONF_MODE,
-    CONF_NUMBER,
-    CONF_OUTPUT,
-    CONF_PULLDOWN,
-    CONF_PULLUP,
-)
-from esphome.pins import check_strapping_pin
+from .gpio_common import ESP32PinSpec, unusable_errors
 
 _ESP_SDIO_PINS = {
     6: "Flash Clock",
@@ -20,66 +7,28 @@ _ESP_SDIO_PINS = {
     11: "Flash Command",
 }
 
-_ESP32_STRAPPING_PINS = {0, 2, 5, 12, 15}
-_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-def esp32_validate_gpio_pin(value: int) -> int:
-    if value < 0 or value > 39:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {value} (must be 0-39)")
-    if value in _ESP_SDIO_PINS:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"This pin cannot be used on ESP32s and is already used by the flash interface"
-            f" (function: {_ESP_SDIO_PINS[value]})."
-            f" If you are using an ESP32 module that uses a different flash pin"
-            f" configuration (e.g. ESP32-PICO-V3-02), you can set"
-            f" 'ignore_pin_validation_error: true' to bypass this check."
-        )
-    if 9 <= value <= 10:
-        _LOGGER.warning(
-            "Pin %s (9-10) might already be used by the flash interface in QUAD IO flash mode.",
-            value,
-        )
-    if value in (24, 28, 29, 30, 31):
+ESP32_PIN_SPEC = ESP32PinSpec(
+    max_pin=39,
+    strapping_pins=frozenset({0, 2, 5, 12, 15}),
+    error_pins={
+        **{
+            num: "This pin cannot be used on ESP32s and is already used by the flash interface"
+            f" (function: {function})."
+            " If you are using an ESP32 module that uses a different flash pin"
+            " configuration (e.g. ESP32-PICO-V3-02), you can set"
+            " 'ignore_pin_validation_error: true' to bypass this check."
+            for num, function in _ESP_SDIO_PINS.items()
+        },
         # These pins are not exposed in GPIO mux (reason unknown)
         # but they're missing from IO_MUX list in datasheet
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"The pin GPIO{value} is not usable on ESP32s.")
-    return value
-
-
-def esp32_validate_supports(value: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    num = value[CONF_NUMBER]
-    mode = value[CONF_MODE]
-    is_input = mode[CONF_INPUT]
-    is_output = mode[CONF_OUTPUT]
-    is_pullup = mode[CONF_PULLUP]
-    is_pulldown = mode[CONF_PULLDOWN]
-    is_hold = value.get(CONF_HOLD_STATE)
-
-    if is_input:
-        # All ESP32 pins support input mode
-        pass
-    if is_output and 34 <= num <= 39:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"GPIO{num} (34-39) does not support output pin mode.",
-            [CONF_MODE, CONF_OUTPUT],
-        )
-    if is_pullup and 34 <= num <= 39:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"GPIO{num} (34-39) does not support pullups.", [CONF_MODE, CONF_PULLUP]
-        )
-    if is_pulldown and 34 <= num <= 39:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"GPIO{num} (34-39) does not support pulldowns.", [CONF_MODE, CONF_PULLDOWN]
-        )
-    if is_hold and 34 <= num <= 39:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"GPIO{num} (34-39) is input-only and cannot be held.",
-            [CONF_HOLD_STATE],
-        )
-    if is_hold and num == 20:
-        # Not in the digital hold mask and not an RTC pad, so the driver cannot hold it
-        raise cv.Invalid("GPIO20 has no hold function.", [CONF_HOLD_STATE])
-
-    check_strapping_pin(value, _ESP32_STRAPPING_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
+        **unusable_errors("ESP32", (24, 28, 29, 30, 31)),
+    },
+    warning_pins={
+        num: f"Pin {num} (9-10) might already be used by the flash interface in QUAD IO flash mode."
+        for num in (9, 10)
+    },
+    input_only_pins=frozenset(range(34, 40)),
+    input_only_label=" (34-39)",
+    # Not in the digital hold mask and not an RTC pad, so the driver cannot hold it
+    no_hold_pins=frozenset({20}),
+)

esphome/components/esp32/gpio_esp32_c2.py

@@ -1,33 +1,3 @@
-import logging
-from typing import Any
+from .gpio_common import ESP32PinSpec
 
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_INPUT, CONF_MODE, CONF_NUMBER
-from esphome.pins import check_strapping_pin
-
-_ESP32C2_STRAPPING_PINS = {8, 9}
-
-_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-def esp32_c2_validate_gpio_pin(value: int) -> int:
-    if value < 0 or value > 20:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {value} (must be 0-20)")
-
-    return value
-
-
-def esp32_c2_validate_supports(value: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    num = value[CONF_NUMBER]
-    mode = value[CONF_MODE]
-    is_input = mode[CONF_INPUT]
-
-    if num < 0 or num > 20:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {num} (must be 0-20)")
-
-    if is_input:
-        # All ESP32 pins support input mode
-        pass
-
-    check_strapping_pin(value, _ESP32C2_STRAPPING_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
+ESP32_C2_PIN_SPEC = ESP32PinSpec(max_pin=20, strapping_pins=frozenset({8, 9}))

esphome/components/esp32/gpio_esp32_c3.py

@@ -1,52 +1,18 @@
-import logging
-from typing import Any
+from .gpio_common import ESP32PinSpec, spi_psram_errors
 
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_INPUT, CONF_MODE, CONF_NUMBER
-from esphome.pins import check_strapping_pin
-
-from .gpio_common import check_usb_jtag_hold, check_usb_jtag_pin
-
-_ESP32C3_SPI_PSRAM_PINS = {
-    12: "SPIHD",
-    13: "SPIWP",
-    14: "SPICS0",
-    15: "SPICLK",
-    16: "SPID",
-    17: "SPIQ",
-}
-
-_ESP32C3_USB_JTAG_PINS = {18, 19}
-
-_ESP32C3_STRAPPING_PINS = {2, 8, 9}
-
-_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-def esp32_c3_validate_gpio_pin(value: int) -> int:
-    if value < 0 or value > 21:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {value} (must be 0-21)")
-    if value in _ESP32C3_SPI_PSRAM_PINS:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"This pin cannot be used on ESP32-C3s and is already used by the SPI/PSRAM interface (function: {_ESP32C3_SPI_PSRAM_PINS[value]})"
-        )
-    check_usb_jtag_pin(value, _ESP32C3_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-
-    return value
-
-
-def esp32_c3_validate_supports(value: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    num = value[CONF_NUMBER]
-    mode = value[CONF_MODE]
-    is_input = mode[CONF_INPUT]
-
-    if num < 0 or num > 21:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {num} (must be 0-21)")
-
-    if is_input:
-        # All ESP32 pins support input mode
-        pass
-    check_usb_jtag_hold(value, _ESP32C3_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-
-    check_strapping_pin(value, _ESP32C3_STRAPPING_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
+ESP32_C3_PIN_SPEC = ESP32PinSpec(
+    max_pin=21,
+    strapping_pins=frozenset({2, 8, 9}),
+    usb_jtag_pins=frozenset({18, 19}),
+    error_pins=spi_psram_errors(
+        "ESP32-C3",
+        {
+            12: "SPIHD",
+            13: "SPIWP",
+            14: "SPICS0",
+            15: "SPICLK",
+            16: "SPID",
+            17: "SPIQ",
+        },
+    ),
+)

esphome/components/esp32/gpio_esp32_c5.py

@@ -1,59 +1,28 @@
-import logging
-from typing import Any
-
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_INPUT, CONF_MODE, CONF_NUMBER, CONF_SCL, CONF_SDA
-from esphome.pins import check_strapping_pin
+from esphome.const import CONF_SCL, CONF_SDA
 
-from .gpio_common import check_usb_jtag_hold, check_usb_jtag_pin
+from .gpio_common import ESP32PinSpec, spi_psram_errors
 
 # https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/blob/master/components/esp_hal_i2c/esp32c5/include/hal/i2c_ll.h
 _ESP32C5_I2C_LP_PINS = {"SDA": 2, "SCL": 3}
 
-_ESP32C5_SPI_PSRAM_PINS = {
-    16: "SPICS0",
-    17: "SPIQ",
-    18: "SPIWP",
-    19: "VDD_SPI",
-    20: "SPIHD",
-    21: "SPICLK",
-    22: "SPID",
-}
-
-_ESP32C5_STRAPPING_PINS = {2, 7, 27, 28}
-
-_ESP32C5_USB_JTAG_PINS = {13, 14}
-
-_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-def esp32_c5_validate_gpio_pin(value: int) -> int:
-    if value < 0 or value > 28:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {value} (must be 0-28)")
-    if value in _ESP32C5_SPI_PSRAM_PINS:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"This pin cannot be used on ESP32-C5s and is already used by the SPI/PSRAM interface (function: {_ESP32C5_SPI_PSRAM_PINS[value]})"
-        )
-
-    check_usb_jtag_pin(value, _ESP32C5_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
-
-
-def esp32_c5_validate_supports(value: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    num = value[CONF_NUMBER]
-    mode = value[CONF_MODE]
-    is_input = mode[CONF_INPUT]
-
-    if num < 0 or num > 28:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {num} (must be 0-28)")
-    if is_input:
-        # All ESP32 pins support input mode
-        pass
-
-    check_usb_jtag_hold(value, _ESP32C5_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-
-    check_strapping_pin(value, _ESP32C5_STRAPPING_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
+ESP32_C5_PIN_SPEC = ESP32PinSpec(
+    max_pin=28,
+    strapping_pins=frozenset({2, 7, 27, 28}),
+    usb_jtag_pins=frozenset({13, 14}),
+    error_pins=spi_psram_errors(
+        "ESP32-C5",
+        {
+            16: "SPICS0",
+            17: "SPIQ",
+            18: "SPIWP",
+            19: "VDD_SPI",
+            20: "SPIHD",
+            21: "SPICLK",
+            22: "SPID",
+        },
+    ),
+)
 
 
 def esp32_c5_validate_lp_i2c(value):

esphome/components/esp32/gpio_esp32_c6.py

@@ -1,58 +1,28 @@
-import logging
-from typing import Any
-
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_INPUT, CONF_MODE, CONF_NUMBER, CONF_SCL, CONF_SDA
-from esphome.pins import check_strapping_pin
+from esphome.const import CONF_SCL, CONF_SDA
 
-from .gpio_common import check_usb_jtag_hold, check_usb_jtag_pin
+from .gpio_common import ESP32PinSpec, spi_psram_errors
 
 # https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/blob/master/components/esp_hal_i2c/esp32c6/include/hal/i2c_ll.h
 _ESP32C6_I2C_LP_PINS = {"SDA": 6, "SCL": 7}
 
-_ESP32C6_SPI_PSRAM_PINS = {
-    24: "SPICS0",
-    25: "SPIQ",
-    26: "SPIWP",
-    27: "VDD_SPI",
-    28: "SPIHD",
-    29: "SPICLK",
-    30: "SPID",
-}
-
-_ESP32C6_USB_JTAG_PINS = {12, 13}
-
-_ESP32C6_STRAPPING_PINS = {4, 5, 8, 9, 15}
-
-_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-def esp32_c6_validate_gpio_pin(value: int) -> int:
-    if value < 0 or value > 30:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {value} (must be 0-30)")
-    if value in _ESP32C6_SPI_PSRAM_PINS:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"This pin cannot be used on ESP32-C6s and is already used by the SPI/PSRAM interface (function: {_ESP32C6_SPI_PSRAM_PINS[value]})"
-        )
-    check_usb_jtag_pin(value, _ESP32C6_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-
-    return value
-
-
-def esp32_c6_validate_supports(value: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    num = value[CONF_NUMBER]
-    mode = value[CONF_MODE]
-    is_input = mode[CONF_INPUT]
-
-    if num < 0 or num > 30:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {num} (must be 0-30)")
-    if is_input:
-        # All ESP32 pins support input mode
-        pass
-    check_usb_jtag_hold(value, _ESP32C6_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-
-    check_strapping_pin(value, _ESP32C6_STRAPPING_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
+ESP32_C6_PIN_SPEC = ESP32PinSpec(
+    max_pin=30,
+    strapping_pins=frozenset({4, 5, 8, 9, 15}),
+    usb_jtag_pins=frozenset({12, 13}),
+    error_pins=spi_psram_errors(
+        "ESP32-C6",
+        {
+            24: "SPICS0",
+            25: "SPIQ",
+            26: "SPIWP",
+            27: "VDD_SPI",
+            28: "SPIHD",
+            29: "SPICLK",
+            30: "SPID",
+        },
+    ),
+)
 
 
 def esp32_c6_validate_lp_i2c(value):

esphome/components/esp32/gpio_esp32_c61.py

@@ -1,54 +1,20 @@
-import logging
-from typing import Any
+from .gpio_common import ESP32PinSpec, spi_psram_errors
 
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_INPUT, CONF_MODE, CONF_NUMBER
-from esphome.pins import check_strapping_pin
-
-from .gpio_common import check_usb_jtag_hold, check_usb_jtag_pin
-
-# GPIO14-17, GPIO19-21 are used for SPI flash/PSRAM
-_ESP32C61_SPI_PSRAM_PINS = {
-    14: "SPICS0",
-    15: "SPICLK",
-    16: "SPID",
-    17: "SPIQ",
-    19: "SPIWP",
-    20: "SPIHD",
-    21: "VDD_SPI",
-}
-
-_ESP32C61_STRAPPING_PINS = {8, 9}
-
-_ESP32C61_USB_JTAG_PINS = {12, 13}
-
-_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-def esp32_c61_validate_gpio_pin(value: int) -> int:
-    if value < 0 or value > 29:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {value} (must be 0-29)")
-    if value in _ESP32C61_SPI_PSRAM_PINS:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"This pin cannot be used on ESP32-C61s and is already used by the SPI/PSRAM interface (function: {_ESP32C61_SPI_PSRAM_PINS[value]})"
-        )
-
-    check_usb_jtag_pin(value, _ESP32C61_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
-
-
-def esp32_c61_validate_supports(value: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    num = value[CONF_NUMBER]
-    mode = value[CONF_MODE]
-    is_input = mode[CONF_INPUT]
-
-    if num < 0 or num > 29:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {num} (must be 0-29)")
-    if is_input:
-        # All ESP32-C61 pins support input mode
-        pass
-
-    check_usb_jtag_hold(value, _ESP32C61_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-
-    check_strapping_pin(value, _ESP32C61_STRAPPING_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
+ESP32_C61_PIN_SPEC = ESP32PinSpec(
+    max_pin=29,
+    strapping_pins=frozenset({8, 9}),
+    usb_jtag_pins=frozenset({12, 13}),
+    # GPIO14-17, GPIO19-21 are used for SPI flash/PSRAM
+    error_pins=spi_psram_errors(
+        "ESP32-C61",
+        {
+            14: "SPICS0",
+            15: "SPICLK",
+            16: "SPID",
+            17: "SPIQ",
+            19: "SPIWP",
+            20: "SPIHD",
+            21: "VDD_SPI",
+        },
+    ),
+)

esphome/components/esp32/gpio_esp32_h2.py

@@ -1,46 +1,13 @@
-import logging
-from typing import Any
+from .gpio_common import ESP32PinSpec
 
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_INPUT, CONF_MODE, CONF_NUMBER
-from esphome.pins import check_strapping_pin
-
-from .gpio_common import check_usb_jtag_hold, check_usb_jtag_pin
-
-_ESP32H2_SPI_FLASH_PINS = {6, 7, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21}
-
-_ESP32H2_USB_JTAG_PINS = {26, 27}
-
-_ESP32H2_STRAPPING_PINS = {8, 9, 25}
-
-_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-def esp32_h2_validate_gpio_pin(value: int) -> int:
-    if value < 0 or value > 27:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {value} (must be 0-27)")
-    if value in _ESP32H2_SPI_FLASH_PINS:
-        _LOGGER.warning(
-            "GPIO%d is reserved for SPI Flash communication on some ESP32-H2 chip variants.\n"
-            "Utilizing SPI-reserved pins could cause unexpected failures.\n"
-            "See https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32h2/api-reference/peripherals/gpio.html",
-            value,
-        )
-    check_usb_jtag_pin(value, _ESP32H2_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-
-    return value
-
-
-def esp32_h2_validate_supports(value: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    num = value[CONF_NUMBER]
-    mode = value[CONF_MODE]
-    is_input = mode[CONF_INPUT]
-
-    if num < 0 or num > 27:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {num} (must be 0-27)")
-    if is_input:
-        # All ESP32 pins support input mode
-        pass
-    check_usb_jtag_hold(value, _ESP32H2_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    check_strapping_pin(value, _ESP32H2_STRAPPING_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
+ESP32_H2_PIN_SPEC = ESP32PinSpec(
+    max_pin=27,
+    strapping_pins=frozenset({8, 9, 25}),
+    usb_jtag_pins=frozenset({26, 27}),
+    warning_pins={
+        num: f"GPIO{num} is reserved for SPI Flash communication on some ESP32-H2 chip variants.\n"
+        "Utilizing SPI-reserved pins could cause unexpected failures.\n"
+        "See https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32h2/api-reference/peripherals/gpio.html"
+        for num in (6, 7, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
+    },
+)

esphome/components/esp32/gpio_esp32_h21.py

@@ -1,41 +1,10 @@
-import logging
-from typing import Any
+from .gpio_common import ESP32PinSpec
 
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_INPUT, CONF_MODE, CONF_NUMBER
-from esphome.pins import check_strapping_pin
-
-from .gpio_common import check_usb_jtag_hold, check_usb_jtag_pin
-
-# Partial set from the ESP-IDF / esptool boot-mode docs:
-# https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esptool/en/latest/esp32h21/advanced-topics/boot-mode-selection.html
-# The full list awaits the ESP32-H21 datasheet's "Strapping Pins" section.
-_ESP32H21_STRAPPING_PINS: set[int] = {13, 14}
-
-_ESP32H21_USB_JTAG_PINS = {17, 18}
-
-_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-def esp32_h21_validate_gpio_pin(value: int) -> int:
-    if value < 0 or value > 25:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {value} (must be 0-25)")
-    check_usb_jtag_pin(value, _ESP32H21_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
-
-
-def esp32_h21_validate_supports(value: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    num = value[CONF_NUMBER]
-    mode = value[CONF_MODE]
-    is_input = mode[CONF_INPUT]
-
-    if num < 0 or num > 25:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {num} (must be 0-25)")
-    if is_input:
-        # All ESP32 pins support input mode
-        pass
-
-    check_usb_jtag_hold(value, _ESP32H21_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-
-    check_strapping_pin(value, _ESP32H21_STRAPPING_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
+ESP32_H21_PIN_SPEC = ESP32PinSpec(
+    max_pin=25,
+    # Partial set from the ESP-IDF / esptool boot-mode docs:
+    # https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esptool/en/latest/esp32h21/advanced-topics/boot-mode-selection.html
+    # The full list awaits the ESP32-H21 datasheet's "Strapping Pins" section.
+    strapping_pins=frozenset({13, 14}),
+    usb_jtag_pins=frozenset({17, 18}),
+)

esphome/components/esp32/gpio_esp32_h4.py

@@ -1,41 +1,10 @@
-import logging
-from typing import Any
+from .gpio_common import ESP32PinSpec
 
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_INPUT, CONF_MODE, CONF_NUMBER
-from esphome.pins import check_strapping_pin
-
-from .gpio_common import check_usb_jtag_hold, check_usb_jtag_pin
-
-# Partial set from the ESP-IDF / esptool boot-mode docs:
-# https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esptool/en/latest/esp32h4/advanced-topics/boot-mode-selection.html
-# The full list awaits the ESP32-H4 datasheet's "Strapping Pins" section.
-_ESP32H4_STRAPPING_PINS: set[int] = {13, 14}
-
-_ESP32H4_USB_JTAG_PINS = {13, 14}
-
-_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-def esp32_h4_validate_gpio_pin(value: int) -> int:
-    if value < 0 or value > 39:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {value} (must be 0-39)")
-    check_usb_jtag_pin(value, _ESP32H4_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
-
-
-def esp32_h4_validate_supports(value: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    num = value[CONF_NUMBER]
-    mode = value[CONF_MODE]
-    is_input = mode[CONF_INPUT]
-
-    if num < 0 or num > 39:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {num} (must be 0-39)")
-    if is_input:
-        # All ESP32 pins support input mode
-        pass
-
-    check_usb_jtag_hold(value, _ESP32H4_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-
-    check_strapping_pin(value, _ESP32H4_STRAPPING_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
+ESP32_H4_PIN_SPEC = ESP32PinSpec(
+    max_pin=39,
+    # Partial set from the ESP-IDF / esptool boot-mode docs:
+    # https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esptool/en/latest/esp32h4/advanced-topics/boot-mode-selection.html
+    # The full list awaits the ESP32-H4 datasheet's "Strapping Pins" section.
+    strapping_pins=frozenset({13, 14}),
+    usb_jtag_pins=frozenset({13, 14}),
+)

esphome/components/esp32/gpio_esp32_p4.py

@@ -1,43 +1,16 @@
-import logging
-from typing import Any
-
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_INPUT, CONF_MODE, CONF_NUMBER, CONF_SCL, CONF_SDA
-from esphome.pins import check_strapping_pin
+from esphome.const import CONF_SCL, CONF_SDA
 
-from .gpio_common import check_usb_jtag_hold, check_usb_jtag_pin
+from .gpio_common import ESP32PinSpec
 
 # https://documentation.espressif.com/esp32-p4-chip-revision-v1.3_datasheet_en.pdf
 _ESP32P4_LP_PINS = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15}
 
-_ESP32P4_USB_JTAG_PINS = {24, 25}
-
-_ESP32P4_STRAPPING_PINS = {34, 35, 36, 37, 38}
-
-_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-def esp32_p4_validate_gpio_pin(value: int) -> int:
-    if value < 0 or value > 54:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {value} (must be 0-54)")
-    check_usb_jtag_pin(value, _ESP32P4_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-
-    return value
-
-
-def esp32_p4_validate_supports(value: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    num = value[CONF_NUMBER]
-    mode = value[CONF_MODE]
-    is_input = mode[CONF_INPUT]
-
-    if num < 0 or num > 54:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {num} (must be 0-54)")
-    if is_input:
-        # All ESP32 pins support input mode
-        pass
-    check_usb_jtag_hold(value, _ESP32P4_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    check_strapping_pin(value, _ESP32P4_STRAPPING_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
+ESP32_P4_PIN_SPEC = ESP32PinSpec(
+    max_pin=54,
+    strapping_pins=frozenset({34, 35, 36, 37, 38}),
+    usb_jtag_pins=frozenset({24, 25}),
+)
 
 
 def esp32_p4_validate_lp_i2c(value):

esphome/components/esp32/gpio_esp32_s2.py

@@ -1,81 +1,30 @@
-import logging
-from typing import Any
-
-from esphome.components.const import CONF_HOLD_STATE
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import (
-    CONF_INPUT,
-    CONF_MODE,
-    CONF_NUMBER,
-    CONF_OUTPUT,
-    CONF_PULLDOWN,
-    CONF_PULLUP,
-)
-from esphome.pins import check_strapping_pin
-
-_ESP32S2_SPI_PSRAM_PINS = {
-    26: "SPICS1",
-    27: "SPIHD",
-    28: "SPIWP",
-    29: "SPICS0",
-    30: "SPICLK",
-    31: "SPIQ",
-    32: "SPID",
-}
-
-_ESP32S2_STRAPPING_PINS = {0, 45, 46}
-
-_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+from .gpio_common import ESP32PinSpec, spi_psram_errors, unusable_errors
 
 
-def esp32_s2_validate_gpio_pin(value: int) -> int:
-    if value < 0 or value > 46:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {value} (must be 0-46)")
-
-    if value in _ESP32S2_SPI_PSRAM_PINS:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"This pin cannot be used on ESP32-S2s and is already used by the SPI/PSRAM interface (function: {_ESP32S2_SPI_PSRAM_PINS[value]})"
-        )
-
-    if value in (22, 23, 24, 25):
+def s2_s3_error_pins(variant: str) -> dict[int, str]:
+    """Errors for the flash/PSRAM and missing pins, which S2 and S3 share."""
+    return {
+        **spi_psram_errors(
+            variant,
+            {
+                26: "SPICS1",
+                27: "SPIHD",
+                28: "SPIWP",
+                29: "SPICS0",
+                30: "SPICLK",
+                31: "SPIQ",
+                32: "SPID",
+            },
+        ),
         # These pins are not exposed in GPIO mux (reason unknown)
         # but they're missing from IO_MUX list in datasheet
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"The pin GPIO{value} is not usable on ESP32-S2s.")
-
-    return value
+        **unusable_errors(variant, (22, 23, 24, 25)),
+    }
 
 
-def esp32_s2_validate_supports(value: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    num = value[CONF_NUMBER]
-    mode = value[CONF_MODE]
-    is_input = mode[CONF_INPUT]
-    is_output = mode[CONF_OUTPUT]
-    is_pullup = mode[CONF_PULLUP]
-    is_pulldown = mode[CONF_PULLDOWN]
-
-    if num < 0 or num > 46:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {num} (must be 0-46)")
-    if is_input:
-        # All ESP32 pins support input mode
-        pass
-    if is_output and num == 46:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"GPIO{num} does not support output pin mode.",
-            [CONF_MODE, CONF_OUTPUT],
-        )
-    if is_pullup and num == 46:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"GPIO{num} does not support pullups.", [CONF_MODE, CONF_PULLUP]
-        )
-    if is_pulldown and num == 46:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"GPIO{num} does not support pulldowns.", [CONF_MODE, CONF_PULLDOWN]
-        )
-    if value.get(CONF_HOLD_STATE) and num == 46:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"GPIO{num} is input-only and cannot be held.",
-            [CONF_HOLD_STATE],
-        )
-
-    check_strapping_pin(value, _ESP32S2_STRAPPING_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
+ESP32_S2_PIN_SPEC = ESP32PinSpec(
+    max_pin=46,
+    strapping_pins=frozenset({0, 45, 46}),
+    error_pins=s2_s3_error_pins("ESP32-S2"),
+    input_only_pins=frozenset({46}),
+)

esphome/components/esp32/gpio_esp32_s3.py

@@ -1,28 +1,11 @@
 import logging
-from typing import Any
 
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import (
-    CONF_DISABLED,
-    CONF_INPUT,
-    CONF_MODE,
-    CONF_NUMBER,
-    PLATFORM_ESP32,
-)
-from esphome.pins import PIN_SCHEMA_REGISTRY, check_strapping_pin
+from esphome.const import CONF_DISABLED, CONF_MODE, PLATFORM_ESP32
+from esphome.pins import PIN_SCHEMA_REGISTRY
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .gpio_common import check_usb_jtag_hold, check_usb_jtag_pin
-
-_ESP32S3_SPI_PSRAM_PINS = {
-    26: "SPICS1",
-    27: "SPIHD",
-    28: "SPIWP",
-    29: "SPICS0",
-    30: "SPICLK",
-    31: "SPIQ",
-    32: "SPID",
-}
+from .gpio_common import ESP32PinSpec
+from .gpio_esp32_s2 import s2_s3_error_pins
 
 _ESP32S3R8_PSRAM_PINS = {
     33: "SPIIO4",
@@ -32,48 +15,14 @@ _ESP32S3R8_PSRAM_PINS = {
     37: "SPIDQS",
 }
 
-_ESP32S3_USB_JTAG_PINS = {19, 20}
-
-_ESP32S3_STRAPPING_PINS = {0, 3, 45, 46}
-
 _LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
-
-def esp32_s3_validate_gpio_pin(value: int) -> int:
-    if value < 0 or value > 48:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {value} (must be 0-48)")
-
-    if value in _ESP32S3_SPI_PSRAM_PINS:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"This pin cannot be used on ESP32-S3s and is already used by the SPI/PSRAM interface(function: {_ESP32S3_SPI_PSRAM_PINS[value]})"
-        )
-    # GPIO33-37 (_ESP32S3R8_PSRAM_PINS) are only taken by the PSRAM interface in
-    # octal mode -- whether that applies isn't known here, so the warning is
-    # deferred to final_validate_pins() in gpio.py once the PSRAM mode is resolved.
-
-    if value in (22, 23, 24, 25):
-        # These pins are not exposed in GPIO mux (reason unknown)
-        # but they're missing from IO_MUX list in datasheet
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"The pin GPIO{value} is not usable on ESP32-S3s.")
-    check_usb_jtag_pin(value, _ESP32S3_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-
-    return value
-
-
-def esp32_s3_validate_supports(value: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    num = value[CONF_NUMBER]
-    mode = value[CONF_MODE]
-    is_input = mode[CONF_INPUT]
-
-    if num < 0 or num > 48:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {num} (must be 0-48)")
-    if is_input:
-        # All ESP32 pins support input mode
-        pass
-    check_usb_jtag_hold(value, _ESP32S3_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-
-    check_strapping_pin(value, _ESP32S3_STRAPPING_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
+ESP32_S3_PIN_SPEC = ESP32PinSpec(
+    max_pin=48,
+    strapping_pins=frozenset({0, 3, 45, 46}),
+    usb_jtag_pins=frozenset({19, 20}),
+    error_pins=s2_s3_error_pins("ESP32-S3"),
+)
 
 
 def esp32_s3_final_validate_pins(full_config: ConfigType) -> None:

esphome/components/esp32/gpio_esp32_s31.py

@@ -1,60 +1,27 @@
-import logging
-from typing import Any
-
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_INPUT, CONF_MODE, CONF_NUMBER, CONF_SCL, CONF_SDA
-from esphome.pins import check_strapping_pin
+from esphome.const import CONF_SCL, CONF_SDA
 
-from .gpio_common import check_usb_jtag_hold, check_usb_jtag_pin
+from .gpio_common import ESP32PinSpec
+
+# LP I2C is fixed to GPIO6 (SCL) / GPIO7 (SDA) per the datasheet IO MUX table.
+_ESP32S31_I2C_LP_PINS = {"SDA": 7, "SCL": 6}
 
 # Per the ESP32-S31 IDF DOCS and datasheet:
 # https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/v6.1/esp32s31/api-reference/peripherals/gpio.html
 # https://documentation.espressif.com/esp32-s31_datasheet_en.pdf
-_ESP32S31_SPI_FLASH_PINS: set[int] = {26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32}
-_ESP32S31_INVALID_PINS: set[int] = {29, 41}
-# GPIO60/GPIO61 set the boot mode; GPIO37 selects the JTAG signal source;
-# GPIO36 sets the VDD_SPI voltage.
-_ESP32S31_STRAPPING_PINS: set[int] = {36, 37, 60, 61}
-# LP I2C is fixed to GPIO6 (SCL) / GPIO7 (SDA) per the datasheet IO MUX table.
-_ESP32S31_I2C_LP_PINS = {"SDA": 7, "SCL": 6}
-
-_ESP32S31_USB_JTAG_PINS = {33, 34}
-
-_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-def esp32_s31_validate_gpio_pin(value: int) -> int:
-    if value < 0 or value > 61:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {value} (must be 0-61)")
-    if value in _ESP32S31_INVALID_PINS:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"GPIO{value} does not exist on ESP32-S31.")
-    if value in _ESP32S31_SPI_FLASH_PINS:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"GPIO{value} is reserved for the SPI flash interface on ESP32-S31 and cannot be used."
-        )
-    check_usb_jtag_pin(value, _ESP32S31_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
-
-
-def esp32_s31_validate_supports(value: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    num = value[CONF_NUMBER]
-    mode = value[CONF_MODE]
-    is_input = mode[CONF_INPUT]
-
-    if num < 0 or num > 61:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"Invalid pin number: {num} (must be 0-61)")
-    # Checked here as well so ignore_pin_validation_error cannot bypass it;
-    # these pins are not bonded and can never work
-    if num in _ESP32S31_INVALID_PINS:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"GPIO{num} does not exist on ESP32-S31.")
-    if is_input:
-        # All ESP32 pins support input mode
-        pass
-
-    check_usb_jtag_hold(value, _ESP32S31_USB_JTAG_PINS, _LOGGER)
-
-    check_strapping_pin(value, _ESP32S31_STRAPPING_PINS, _LOGGER)
-    return value
+ESP32_S31_PIN_SPEC = ESP32PinSpec(
+    max_pin=61,
+    # GPIO60/GPIO61 set the boot mode; GPIO37 selects the JTAG signal source;
+    # GPIO36 sets the VDD_SPI voltage.
+    strapping_pins=frozenset({36, 37, 60, 61}),
+    usb_jtag_pins=frozenset({33, 34}),
+    error_pins={
+        num: f"GPIO{num} is reserved for the SPI flash interface on ESP32-S31 and cannot be used."
+        for num in (26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32)
+    },
+    # Not bonded, so they can never work
+    fatal_pins={num: f"GPIO{num} does not exist on ESP32-S31." for num in (29, 41)},
+)
 
 
 def esp32_s31_validate_lp_i2c(value):

esphome/components/esp32_camera/esp32_camera.cpp

@@ -271,7 +271,9 @@ void ESP32Camera::loop() {
     fb->timestamp = timestamp;
   }
 #endif
-  this->current_image_ = std::make_shared<ESP32CameraImage>(fb, this->single_requesters_ | this->stream_requesters_);
+  // A request that arrives while this image is handed out is kept for the next frame
+  const uint8_t single_requesters = this->single_requesters_.exchange(0);
+  this->current_image_ = std::make_shared<ESP32CameraImage>(fb, single_requesters | this->stream_requesters_);
 
 #if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Got Image: len=%u", fb->len);
@@ -291,7 +293,6 @@ void ESP32Camera::loop() {
     listener->on_camera_image(this->current_image_);
   }
   this->last_update_ = now;
-  this->single_requesters_ = 0;
 }
 
 /* ---------------- constructors ---------------- */

esphome/components/esp32_ulp/esp32_ulp.cpp

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ void ESP32ULP::setup() {
     esp_err_t err = ulp_set_wakeup_period(0, this->wakeup_period_us_);
     if (err != ESP_OK) {
       ESP_LOGE(TAG, "ulp_set_wakeup_period failed: %s", esp_err_to_name(err));
-      this->mark_failed();
+      this->mark_failed(LOG_STR("Wakeup period not set"));
       return;
     }
   }
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ void ESP32ULP::setup() {
   if (esp_reset_reason() == ESP_RST_DEEPSLEEP && s_program_loaded) {
     this->loaded_ = true;
   } else if (this->run_on_boot_ && !this->load_and_run()) {
-    this->mark_failed();
+    this->mark_failed(LOG_STR("Program did not start"));
     return;
   }
   if (this->wakeup_from_sleep_) {

esphome/components/factory_reset/button/__init__.py

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ from esphome.const import (
 )
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
+AUTO_LOAD = ["factory_reset"]
+
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = button.button_schema(
     button.ApplyButton,
     device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_RESTART,

esphome/components/factory_reset/factory_reset_device.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#include "factory_reset_button.h"
+#include "factory_reset_device.h"
 
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 namespace esphome::factory_reset {
 
-ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "factory_reset.button");
+ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "factory_reset");
 
 static void reset_and_reboot() {
   global_preferences->reset();

esphome/components/factory_reset/factory_reset_device.h

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace esphome::factory_reset {
 
-/// Run by the factory reset button.
+/// Run by the factory reset button and switch.
 void factory_reset_device();
 
 }  // namespace esphome::factory_reset

esphome/components/factory_reset/switch/__init__.py

@@ -1,23 +1,21 @@
-import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import switch
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG, ICON_RESTART_ALERT
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import factory_reset_ns
-
-FactoryResetSwitch = factory_reset_ns.class_(
-    "FactoryResetSwitch", switch.Switch, cg.Component
-)
+AUTO_LOAD = ["factory_reset"]
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = switch.switch_schema(
-    FactoryResetSwitch,
+    switch.ApplySwitch,
     block_inverted=True,
     icon=ICON_RESTART_ALERT,
     entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
-).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
+)
 
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    var = await switch.new_switch(config)
-    await cg.register_component(var, config)
+    await switch.sub_switches(config).create(
+        config,
+        None,
+        apply="factory_reset::factory_reset_device()",
+        publish="momentary",
+    )

esphome/components/factory_reset/switch/factory_reset_switch.cpp

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-#include "factory_reset_switch.h"
-
-#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
-
-#ifdef USE_OPENTHREAD
-#include "esphome/components/openthread/openthread.h"
-#endif
-#include "esphome/core/application.h"
-#include "esphome/core/hal.h"
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
-
-namespace esphome::factory_reset {
-
-ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "factory_reset.switch");
-
-void FactoryResetSwitch::dump_config() { LOG_SWITCH("", "Factory Reset Switch", this); }
-void FactoryResetSwitch::write_state(bool state) {
-  // Acknowledge
-  this->publish_state(false);
-
-  if (state) {
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Resetting");
-    // Let MQTT settle a bit
-    delay(100);  // NOLINT
-#ifdef USE_OPENTHREAD
-    openthread::global_openthread_component->on_factory_reset(FactoryResetSwitch::factory_reset_callback);
-#else
-    global_preferences->reset();
-    App.safe_reboot();
-#endif
-  }
-}
-
-#ifdef USE_OPENTHREAD
-void FactoryResetSwitch::factory_reset_callback() {
-  global_preferences->reset();
-  App.safe_reboot();
-}
-#endif
-
-}  // namespace esphome::factory_reset

esphome/components/factory_reset/switch/factory_reset_switch.h

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/components/switch/switch.h"
-#include "esphome/core/component.h"
-#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
-
-namespace esphome::factory_reset {
-
-class FactoryResetSwitch final : public switch_::Switch, public Component {
- public:
-  void dump_config() override;
-#ifdef USE_OPENTHREAD
-  static void factory_reset_callback();
-#endif
-
- protected:
-  void write_state(bool state) override;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::factory_reset

esphome/components/fan/__init__.py

@@ -185,6 +185,10 @@ _PRESET_MODES_SCHEMA = cv.All(
 )
 
 
+# speed_count_ is a uint16_t in FanTraits
+validate_speed_count = cv.int_range(min=1, max=65535)
+
+
 def validate_preset_modes(value):
     # Check against defined schema
     value = _PRESET_MODES_SCHEMA(value)

esphome/components/fan/fan_traits.h

@@ -17,24 +17,24 @@ class FanTraits {
  public:
   FanTraits() = default;
   FanTraits(bool oscillation, bool speed, bool direction, int speed_count)
-      : oscillation_(oscillation), speed_(speed), direction_(direction), speed_count_(speed_count) {}
+      : flags_{oscillation, speed, direction, 0}, speed_count_(speed_count) {}
 
   /// Return if this fan supports oscillation.
-  bool supports_oscillation() const { return this->oscillation_; }
+  bool supports_oscillation() const { return this->flags_.oscillation; }
   /// Set whether this fan supports oscillation.
-  void set_oscillation(bool oscillation) { this->oscillation_ = oscillation; }
+  void set_oscillation(bool oscillation) { this->flags_.oscillation = oscillation; }
   /// Return if this fan supports speed modes.
-  bool supports_speed() const { return this->speed_; }
+  bool supports_speed() const { return this->flags_.speed; }
   /// Set whether this fan supports speed levels.
-  void set_speed(bool speed) { this->speed_ = speed; }
+  void set_speed(bool speed) { this->flags_.speed = speed; }
   /// Return how many speed levels the fan has
   int supported_speed_count() const { return this->speed_count_; }
   /// Set how many speed levels this fan has.
   void set_supported_speed_count(int speed_count) { this->speed_count_ = speed_count; }
   /// Return if this fan supports changing direction
-  bool supports_direction() const { return this->direction_; }
+  bool supports_direction() const { return this->flags_.direction; }
   /// Set whether this fan supports changing direction
-  void set_direction(bool direction) { this->direction_ = direction; }
+  void set_direction(bool direction) { this->flags_.direction = direction; }
   /// Empty when the fan has no preset modes. Set them on the Fan entity.
   const FanPresetModes &supported_preset_modes() const;
 
@@ -60,10 +60,14 @@ class FanTraits {
   /// Set the preset modes pointer (only Fan::wire_preset_modes_() should call this).
   void set_supported_preset_modes_(const FanPresetModes *preset_modes) { this->preset_modes_ = preset_modes; }
 
-  bool oscillation_{false};
-  bool speed_{false};
-  bool direction_{false};
-  int speed_count_{};
+  // Bit-packed flags to save memory (1 byte instead of 3)
+  struct FanTraitFlags {
+    uint8_t oscillation : 1;
+    uint8_t speed : 1;
+    uint8_t direction : 1;
+    uint8_t reserved : 5;
+  } flags_{};
+  uint16_t speed_count_{};                       // validators cap configs at 65535
   const FanPresetModes *preset_modes_{nullptr};  // owned by the Fan entity
 };
 static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<FanTraits>, "FanTraits is returned by value from get_traits()");

esphome/components/fusb302b/fusb302b.cpp

@@ -286,9 +286,7 @@ bool FUSB302B::reset_pd_() {
 }
 
 bool FUSB302B::enable_auto_crc_() {
-  uint8_t switches1 = 0;
-  return this->read_byte(FUSB_SWITCHES1, &switches1) &&
-         this->write_byte(FUSB_SWITCHES1, switches1 | FUSB_SWITCHES1_AUTO_CRC);
+  return this->update_register(FUSB_SWITCHES1, FUSB_SWITCHES1_AUTO_CRC, FUSB_SWITCHES1_AUTO_CRC);
 }
 
 void FUSB302B::handle_interrupt_() {

esphome/components/gp8403/output/__init__.py

@@ -1,24 +1,20 @@
-import esphome.codegen as cg
-from esphome.components import i2c, output
+from esphome.components import output
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_CHANNEL, CONF_ID
+from esphome.const import CONF_CHANNEL
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from .. import CONF_GP8403_ID, GP8403Component, gp8403_ns
+from .. import CONF_GP8403_ID, GP8403Component
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["gp8403"]
 
-GP8403Output = gp8403_ns.class_(
-    "GP8403Output", cg.Component, i2c.I2CDevice, output.FloatOutput
-)
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = output.FLOAT_OUTPUT_SCHEMA.extend(
     {
-        cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(GP8403Output),
+        cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(output.ApplyFloatOutput),
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_GP8403_ID): cv.use_id(GP8403Component),
         cv.Required(CONF_CHANNEL): cv.int_range(min=0, max=1),
     }
-).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
+)
 
 
 FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = output.final_validate_unique_channel(
@@ -27,10 +23,6 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = output.final_validate_unique_channel(
 
 
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
-    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
-    await cg.register_component(var, config)
-    await output.register_output(var, config)
-
-    await cg.register_parented(var, config[CONF_GP8403_ID])
-
-    cg.add(var.set_channel(config[CONF_CHANNEL]))
+    await output.sub_float_outputs(config, parent=config[CONF_GP8403_ID]).create(
+        config, None, config[CONF_CHANNEL], apply="write_state(state, index)"
+    )

esphome/components/gp8403/output/gp8403_output.cpp

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-#include "gp8403_output.h"
-
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
-
-namespace esphome::gp8403 {
-
-ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "gp8403.output");
-
-void GP8403Output::dump_config() {
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
-                "GP8403 Output:\n"
-                "  Channel: %u",
-                this->channel_);
-}
-
-void GP8403Output::write_state(float state) { this->parent_->write_state(state, this->channel_); }
-
-}  // namespace esphome::gp8403

esphome/components/gp8403/output/gp8403_output.h

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/components/output/float_output.h"
-#include "esphome/core/component.h"
-
-#include "esphome/components/gp8403/gp8403.h"
-
-namespace esphome::gp8403 {
-
-class GP8403Output final : public Component, public output::FloatOutput, public Parented<GP8403Component> {
- public:
-  void dump_config() override;
-  float get_setup_priority() const override { return setup_priority::DATA - 1; }
-  void set_channel(uint8_t channel) { this->channel_ = channel; }
-  void write_state(float state) override;
-
- protected:
-  uint8_t channel_;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::gp8403

esphome/components/gree/climate.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import climate_ir
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_MODEL
+from esphome.const import CONF_MODEL, CONF_USE_FAHRENHEIT
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
 from . import gree_ns
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ MODELS = Model.options(
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = climate_ir.climate_ir_with_receiver_schema(GreeClimate).extend(
     {
         cv.Required(CONF_MODEL): cv.enum(MODELS, lower=True),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_USE_FAHRENHEIT, default=False): cv.boolean,
     }
 )
 
@@ -26,5 +27,8 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = climate_ir.climate_ir_with_receiver_schema(GreeClimate).extend(
 async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     var = await climate_ir.new_climate_ir(config)
     cg.add(var.set_model(config[CONF_MODEL]))
+    if config[CONF_USE_FAHRENHEIT]:
+        cg.add_define("USE_GREE_FAHRENHEIT")
+        cg.add(var.set_use_fahrenheit(True))
     if config[CONF_MODEL] == "yaw1f":
         cg.add_define("USE_GREE_YAW1F")

esphome/components/gree/gree.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #include "gree.h"
+
+#include <cmath>
 #include "esphome/components/remote_base/remote_base.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
@@ -34,6 +36,21 @@ void GreeClimate::set_mode_bit(uint8_t bit_mask, bool enabled) {
   this->transmit_state();
 }
 
+#ifdef USE_GREE_FAHRENHEIT
+uint8_t fahrenheit_half_steps(float target_celsius) {
+  if (!std::isfinite(target_celsius)) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  // Whole degrees shown at k = 0 and at the top of the range
+  static constexpr int MIN_F = static_cast<int>(celsius_to_fahrenheit(GREE_TEMP_MIN));
+  static constexpr int MAX_F = static_cast<int>(celsius_to_fahrenheit(GREE_TEMP_MAX));
+  const int desired_f = static_cast<int>(roundf(clamp<float>(celsius_to_fahrenheit(target_celsius), MIN_F, MAX_F)));
+  // The display at k is (10 * 32 + 18 * GREE_TEMP_MIN + 9 * k) / 10; pick the smallest k that reaches desired_f
+  const int tenths_above_min = 10 * desired_f - (10 * 32 + 18 * GREE_TEMP_MIN);
+  return static_cast<uint8_t>((tenths_above_min + 8) / 9);
+}
+#endif
+
 void GreeClimate::transmit_state() {
   uint8_t remote_state[8] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00};
   const Model model = this->model_;
@@ -41,7 +58,12 @@ void GreeClimate::transmit_state() {
   const bool yag_layout = model == GREE_YAG || model == GREE_YAW1F;
 
   remote_state[0] = this->fan_speed_() | this->operation_mode_();
+#ifdef USE_GREE_FAHRENHEIT
+  const uint8_t half_steps = this->use_fahrenheit_ ? fahrenheit_half_steps(this->target_temperature) : 0;
+  remote_state[1] = this->use_fahrenheit_ ? half_steps >> 1 : this->temperature_();
+#else
   remote_state[1] = this->temperature_();
+#endif
 
   if (model == GREE_YAN) {
     remote_state[3] = 0x50;  // bits 4..7 always 0101
@@ -107,16 +129,15 @@ void GreeClimate::transmit_state() {
     remote_state[0] |= GREE_PRESET_SLEEP_BIT;
   }
 
-  // Calculate the checksum
-  if (model == GREE_YAN) {
-    remote_state[7] = ((remote_state[0] << 4) + (remote_state[1] << 4) + 0xC0);
-  } else {
-    remote_state[7] =
-        ((((remote_state[0] & 0x0F) + (remote_state[1] & 0x0F) + (remote_state[2] & 0x0F) + (remote_state[3] & 0x0F) +
-           ((remote_state[4] & 0xF0) >> 4) + ((remote_state[5] & 0xF0) >> 4) + ((remote_state[6] & 0xF0) >> 4) + 0x0A) &
-          0x0F)
-         << 4);
+#ifdef USE_GREE_FAHRENHEIT
+  if (this->use_fahrenheit_) {
+    remote_state[3] |= GREE_FAHRENHEIT_BIT;
+    if (half_steps & 1)
+      remote_state[3] |= GREE_TEMP_HALF_DEGREE_BIT;
   }
+#endif
+
+  remote_state[7] = frame_checksum(remote_state);
 
   auto transmit = this->transmitter_->transmit();
   auto *data = transmit.get_data();

esphome/components/gree/gree.h

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "esphome/components/climate_ir/climate_ir.h"
+#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 
 namespace esphome::gree {
 
@@ -90,6 +91,26 @@ static constexpr uint8_t GREE_MODE_BIT_LIGHT = 0x20;
 static constexpr uint8_t GREE_MODE_BIT_HEALTH = 0x40;
 static constexpr uint8_t GREE_MODE_BIT_XFAN = 0x80;
 
+// Byte 3 Fahrenheit bits
+static constexpr uint8_t GREE_FAHRENHEIT_BIT = 0x08;
+static constexpr uint8_t GREE_TEMP_HALF_DEGREE_BIT = 0x04;  // Half a degree Celsius added to the temperature
+
+/// Checksum of a state frame: the low nibbles of bytes 0-3 plus the high nibbles of bytes 4-6 plus 0x0A, in the high
+/// nibble.
+inline uint8_t frame_checksum(const uint8_t *remote_state) {
+  return (
+      (((remote_state[0] & 0x0F) + (remote_state[1] & 0x0F) + (remote_state[2] & 0x0F) + (remote_state[3] & 0x0F) +
+        ((remote_state[4] & 0xF0) >> 4) + ((remote_state[5] & 0xF0) >> 4) + ((remote_state[6] & 0xF0) >> 4) + 0x0A) &
+       0x0F)
+      << 4);
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_GREE_FAHRENHEIT
+/// Return k = 2 * temp_field + half_degree_bit (0..28) for a Celsius target. The unit displays
+/// trunc(celsius_to_fahrenheit(GREE_TEMP_MIN + k / 2)), so k is the smallest value that shows the target in F.
+uint8_t fahrenheit_half_steps(float target_celsius);
+#endif
+
 // Model codes
 enum Model : uint8_t { GREE_GENERIC, GREE_YAN, GREE_YAA, GREE_YAC, GREE_YAC1FB9, GREE_YX1FF, GREE_YAG, GREE_YAW1F };
 
@@ -103,6 +124,9 @@ class GreeClimate final : public climate_ir::ClimateIR {
                                climate::CLIMATE_SWING_HORIZONTAL, climate::CLIMATE_SWING_BOTH}) {}
 
   void set_model(Model model);
+#ifdef USE_GREE_FAHRENHEIT
+  void set_use_fahrenheit(bool use_fahrenheit) { this->use_fahrenheit_ = use_fahrenheit; }
+#endif
   void set_mode_bit(uint8_t bit_mask, bool enabled);
 
  protected:
@@ -118,6 +142,9 @@ class GreeClimate final : public climate_ir::ClimateIR {
 
   Model model_{};
   uint8_t mode_bits_{GREE_MODE_BIT_LIGHT};  // The display light is on until a switch says otherwise
+#ifdef USE_GREE_FAHRENHEIT
+  bool use_fahrenheit_{false};
+#endif
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::gree

esphome/components/gree/switch/gree_switch.cpp

@@ -5,12 +5,7 @@ namespace esphome::gree {
 
 ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "gree.switch");
 
-void GreeModeBitSwitch::setup() {
-  auto initial = this->get_initial_state_with_restore_mode();
-  if (initial.has_value()) {
-    this->write_state(*initial);
-  }
-}
+void GreeModeBitSwitch::setup() { this->restore(); }
 
 void GreeModeBitSwitch::dump_config() { log_switch(TAG, "  ", this->name_, this); }
 

esphome/components/haier/switch/__init__.py

@@ -3,20 +3,11 @@ from esphome.components import switch
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_BEEPER, CONF_DISPLAY, ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG
 import esphome.final_validate as fv
+from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
-from ..climate import (
-    CONF_HAIER_ID,
-    CONF_PROTOCOL,
-    PROTOCOL_HON,
-    HaierClimateBase,
-    haier_ns,
-)
+from ..climate import CONF_HAIER_ID, CONF_PROTOCOL, PROTOCOL_HON, HaierClimateBase
 
 CODEOWNERS = ["@paveldn"]
-BeeperSwitch = haier_ns.class_("BeeperSwitch", switch.Switch)
-HealthModeSwitch = haier_ns.class_("HealthModeSwitch", switch.Switch)
-DisplaySwitch = haier_ns.class_("DisplaySwitch", switch.Switch)
-QuietModeSwitch = haier_ns.class_("QuietModeSwitch", switch.Switch)
 
 # Haier switches
 CONF_HEALTH_MODE = "health_mode"
@@ -32,26 +23,26 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
     {
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_HAIER_ID): cv.use_id(HaierClimateBase),
         cv.Optional(CONF_DISPLAY): switch.switch_schema(
-            DisplaySwitch,
+            switch.ApplySwitch,
             icon=ICON_LED_ON,
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
             default_restore_mode="DISABLED",
         ),
         cv.Optional(CONF_HEALTH_MODE): switch.switch_schema(
-            HealthModeSwitch,
+            switch.ApplySwitch,
             icon=ICON_LEAF,
             default_restore_mode="DISABLED",
         ),
         # Beeper switch is only supported for HonClimate
         cv.Optional(CONF_BEEPER): switch.switch_schema(
-            BeeperSwitch,
+            switch.ApplySwitch,
             icon=ICON_VOLUME_HIGH,
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
             default_restore_mode="DISABLED",
         ),
         # Quiet mode is only supported for HonClimate
         cv.Optional(CONF_QUIET_MODE): switch.switch_schema(
-            QuietModeSwitch,
+            switch.ApplySwitch,
             icon=ICON_VOLUME_OFF,
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_CONFIG,
             default_restore_mode="DISABLED",
@@ -77,11 +68,31 @@ def _final_validate(config) -> None:
 FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = _final_validate
 
 
-async def to_code(config):
-    parent = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_HAIER_ID])
-
-    for switch_type in [CONF_DISPLAY, CONF_HEALTH_MODE, CONF_BEEPER, CONF_QUIET_MODE]:
-        if conf := config.get(switch_type):
-            sw_var = await switch.new_switch(conf)
-            await cg.register_parented(sw_var, parent)
-            cg.add(getattr(parent, f"set_{switch_type}_switch")(sw_var))
+async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
+    hub = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_HAIER_ID])
+    switches = switch.sub_switches(config, parent=hub)
+    # The setters skip an unchanged value; the switch reports the state either way
+    await switches(
+        CONF_DISPLAY,
+        hub.set_display_switch,
+        apply="set_display_state(state)",
+        publish="after",
+    )
+    await switches(
+        CONF_HEALTH_MODE,
+        hub.set_health_mode_switch,
+        apply="set_health_mode(state)",
+        publish="after",
+    )
+    await switches(
+        CONF_BEEPER,
+        hub.set_beeper_switch,
+        apply="set_beeper_state(state)",
+        publish="after",
+    )
+    await switches(
+        CONF_QUIET_MODE,
+        hub.set_quiet_mode_switch,
+        apply="set_quiet_mode_state(state)",
+        publish="after",
+    )

esphome/components/haier/switch/beeper.cpp

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-#include "beeper.h"
-
-namespace esphome::haier {
-
-void BeeperSwitch::write_state(bool state) {
-  if (this->parent_->get_beeper_state() != state) {
-    this->parent_->set_beeper_state(state);
-  }
-  this->publish_state(state);
-}
-
-}  // namespace esphome::haier

esphome/components/haier/switch/beeper.h

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/components/switch/switch.h"
-#include "../hon_climate.h"
-
-namespace esphome::haier {
-
-class BeeperSwitch final : public switch_::Switch, public Parented<HonClimate> {
- public:
-  BeeperSwitch() = default;
-
- protected:
-  void write_state(bool state) override;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::haier

esphome/components/haier/switch/display.cpp

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-#include "display.h"
-
-namespace esphome::haier {
-
-void DisplaySwitch::write_state(bool state) {
-  if (this->parent_->get_display_state() != state) {
-    this->parent_->set_display_state(state);
-  }
-  this->publish_state(state);
-}
-
-}  // namespace esphome::haier

esphome/components/haier/switch/display.h

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/components/switch/switch.h"
-#include "../haier_base.h"
-
-namespace esphome::haier {
-
-class DisplaySwitch final : public switch_::Switch, public Parented<HaierClimateBase> {
- public:
-  DisplaySwitch() = default;
-
- protected:
-  void write_state(bool state) override;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::haier