[binary_sensor] Add a test for the autorepeat filter timing steps

tests/components/binary_sensor/binary_sensor_autorepeat_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "esphome/components/binary_sensor/binary_sensor.h"
+#include "esphome/components/binary_sensor/filter.h"
+#include "esphome/core/application.h"
+#include "esphome/core/hal.h"
+
+namespace esphome::binary_sensor::testing {
+
+struct Transition {
+  bool state;
+  uint32_t at;
+};
+
+static void run_scheduler_for(uint32_t ms) {
+  const uint32_t start = millis();
+  while (millis() - start < ms) {
+    delay(1);
+    App.scheduler.call(millis());
+  }
+}
+
+// Each timing step's delay, time_off and time_on are used in order, then the last step repeats
+TEST(BinarySensorAutorepeat, StepsThroughEveryTiming) {
+  BinarySensor sensor;
+  AutorepeatFilter<2> autorepeat({{100, 40, 60}, {270, 120, 180}});
+  sensor.add_filter(&autorepeat);
+  std::vector<Transition> transitions;
+  sensor.add_on_state_callback([&transitions](bool state) { transitions.push_back({state, millis()}); });
+
+  sensor.publish_state(true);
+  run_scheduler_for(760);
+
+  // On for the first delay, then off/on from the first step, then from the second step after 100 + 270 ms
+  static constexpr uint32_t EXPECTED_MS[] = {100, 40, 60, 40, 60, 40, 60, 120, 180};
+  static constexpr size_t EXPECTED_COUNT = sizeof(EXPECTED_MS) / sizeof(EXPECTED_MS[0]);
+  ASSERT_EQ(transitions.size(), EXPECTED_COUNT + 1);
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < EXPECTED_COUNT; i++) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(transitions[i].state, i % 2 == 0) << "transition " << i;
+    EXPECT_NEAR(transitions[i + 1].at - transitions[i].at, EXPECTED_MS[i], 19) << "phase " << i;
+  }
+
+  // Releasing stops both timers
+  sensor.publish_state(false);
+  const size_t count = transitions.size();
+  run_scheduler_for(250);
+  EXPECT_EQ(transitions.size(), count);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(sensor.state);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::binary_sensor::testing