[socket] Fix RP2040 socket_delay race that could miss a wake

Remove the redundant s_socket_woke = false between the early-return
check and the while loop. If an IRQ fires in that window (recv_fn
sets s_socket_woke = true), clearing the flag would lose the wake
and sleep until the timer fires. Now the while loop sees the flag
immediately and exits. The flag is cleared after the loop instead.

esphome/components/socket/lwip_raw_tcp_impl.cpp

@@ -82,7 +82,9 @@ void socket_delay(uint32_t ms) {
     s_socket_woke = false;
     return;
   }
-  s_socket_woke = false;
+  // Don't clear s_socket_woke here — if an IRQ fires between the check above
+  // and the while loop below, the while condition sees it immediately. Clearing
+  // here would lose that wake and sleep until the timer fires.
   s_delay_expired = false;
   // Set a one-shot timer to wake us after the timeout.
   // add_alarm_in_ms returns >0 on success, 0 if time already passed, <0 on error.
@@ -100,6 +102,7 @@ void socket_delay(uint32_t ms) {
   // Cancel timer if we woke early (socket data arrived before timeout)
   if (!s_delay_expired)
     cancel_alarm(alarm);
+  s_socket_woke = false;  // consume the wake for next call
 }
 
 // No IRAM_ATTR equivalent needed: on RP2040, CYW43 async_context runs LWIP