Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/dev' into 20260218-zigbee-proxy

# Conflicts:
#	esphome/components/api/api_connection.cpp
#	esphome/components/api/api_pb2.h
#	esphome/components/api/api_pb2_defines.h
#	esphome/components/api/api_pb2_service.cpp
#	esphome/components/api/api_pb2_service.h
#	esphome/components/serial_proxy/serial_proxy.cpp

tests/components/adc/validate.rp2040-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Deprecated `pin: TEMPERATURE`, superseded by the `internal_temperature` platform.
+# Remove before 2027.2.0
+sensor:
+  - id: adc_temperature_sensor
+    platform: adc
+    pin: TEMPERATURE
+    name: ADC Test temperature

tests/components/addressable_light/common-ard-esp32_rmt_led_strip.yaml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ light:
     id: led_matrix_32x8
     default_transition_length: 500ms
     chipset: ws2812
-    rgb_order: GRB
+    channel_colors: GRB
     num_leds: 256
     pin: ${pin}
 

tests/components/addressable_light/common-idf-esp32_rmt_led_strip.yaml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ light:
     id: led_matrix_32x8
     default_transition_length: 500ms
     chipset: ws2812
-    rgb_order: GRB
+    channel_colors: GRB
     num_leds: 256
     pin: ${pin}
 

tests/components/airthings_ble/common-ln.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+airthings_ble:

tests/components/airthings_ble/common.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+esp32_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_tracker_hub
+
+# Explicit ble_hub_id: pins the neutral binding as a declared key.
+airthings_ble:
+  ble_hub_id: ble_tracker_hub

tests/components/airthings_ble/test.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+packages:
+  ble: !include ../../test_build_components/common/ble/esp32-idf.yaml
+  airthings_ble: !include common.yaml

tests/components/airthings_ble/test.ln882x-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+packages:
+  ln882h_ble_tracker: !include ../ln882h_ble_tracker/common.yaml
+  airthings_ble: !include common-ln.yaml

tests/components/airthings_ble/validate.bk72xx-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Config-only: the CI base board (generic-bk7252, BLE 4.2) cannot compile the
+# BLE 5.x tracker, so this fixture proves validation (schema + neutral binding)
+# on a non-esp32 platform; codegen and compilation are not exercised here.
+bk72xx_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_tracker_hub
+
+airthings_ble:
+  ble_hub_id: ble_tracker_hub

tests/components/animation/validate-platform-defaults.host.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# `platform: animation` entry exercising the shared `defaults:`/`files:` expansion.
+display:
+  - platform: sdl
+    id: animation_display
+    auto_clear_enabled: false
+    dimensions:
+      width: 480
+      height: 480
+
+image:
+  - platform: animation
+    defaults:
+      type: rgb565
+      transparency: opaque
+      resize: 50x50
+    files:
+      - id: platform_defaults_animation
+        file: $component_dir/anim.gif
+      - id: platform_defaults_animation_rgb
+        file: $component_dir/anim.apng
+        type: rgb

tests/components/api/common-base.yaml

@@ -9,6 +9,14 @@ esphome:
           event: esphome.button_pressed
           data:
             message: Button was pressed
+      - homeassistant.event:
+          event: esphome.button_pressed_with_variables
+          data_template:
+            message: Button {{ button_name }} ({{ button_index }}) was pressed from {{ button_source }}
+          variables:
+            button_name: !lambda 'return std::string("test_button");'
+            button_index: !lambda 'return 1;'
+            button_source: static_value
       - homeassistant.action:
           action: notify.html5
           data:
@@ -53,8 +61,12 @@ api:
   reboot_timeout: 0min
   actions:
     - action: hello_world
+      description: Log a greeting
       variables:
-        name: string
+        name:
+          type: string
+          description: Name to greet
+          example: World
       then:
         - logger.log:
             format: Hello World %s!

tests/components/api/common.yaml

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-<<: !include common-base.yaml
+packages:
+  base: !include common-base.yaml
 
 api:
   encryption:

tests/components/api/test_proto_mac_varint.cpp

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ static void verify_mac(uint64_t mac, size_t expected_bytes) {
   size_t ref_len = reference_encode(mac, ref_buf);
 
   APIBuffer api_buf;
-  api_buf.resize(16);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(api_buf.resize(16));
   uint8_t *pos = api_buf.data();
 #ifdef ESPHOME_DEBUG_API
   uint8_t *proto_debug_end_ = api_buf.data() + api_buf.size();

tests/components/atc_mithermometer/common-ln.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+sensor:
+  - platform: atc_mithermometer
+    mac_address: A4:C1:38:4E:16:78
+    temperature:
+      name: ATC Temperature
+    humidity:
+      name: ATC Humidity

tests/components/atc_mithermometer/common.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 esp32_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_tracker_hub
 
 sensor:
+  # Explicit ble_hub_id: pins the neutral binding as a declared key.
   - platform: atc_mithermometer
+    ble_hub_id: ble_tracker_hub
     mac_address: A4:C1:38:4E:16:78
     temperature:
       name: ATC Temperature

tests/components/atc_mithermometer/test.ln882x-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+packages:
+  ln882h_ble_tracker: !include ../ln882h_ble_tracker/common.yaml
+  atc_mithermometer: !include common-ln.yaml

tests/components/atc_mithermometer/validate-legacy-key.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# The esp32_ble_id -> ble_hub_id alias (removal 2027.2.0) still validates.
+esp32_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_tracker_hub
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: atc_mithermometer
+    esp32_ble_id: ble_tracker_hub
+    mac_address: A4:C1:38:4E:16:78
+    temperature:
+      name: ATC Legacy Key Temperature

tests/components/atc_mithermometer/validate.bk72xx-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Config-only: the CI base board (generic-bk7252, BLE 4.2) cannot compile the
+# BLE 5.x tracker, so this fixture proves validation (schema + neutral binding)
+# on a non-esp32 platform; codegen and compilation are not exercised here.
+bk72xx_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_hub
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: atc_mithermometer
+    ble_hub_id: ble_hub
+    mac_address: A4:C1:38:4E:16:78
+    temperature:
+      name: BK ATC Temperature
+  # No ble_hub_id: exercises the generated binding real configs use.
+  - platform: atc_mithermometer
+    mac_address: A4:C1:38:4E:16:79
+    temperature:
+      name: BK ATC Implicit Temperature

tests/components/audio_http/common.yaml

@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@ media_source:
   - platform: audio_http
     id: audio_http_source
     buffer_size: 100000
+    persistent_ring_buffer: true
     task_stack_in_psram: true

tests/components/b_parasite/common-ln.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+sensor:
+  - platform: b_parasite
+    mac_address: F0:CA:F0:CA:01:01
+    humidity:
+      name: b-parasite Air Humidity
+    temperature:
+      name: b-parasite Air Temperature

tests/components/b_parasite/common.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 esp32_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_tracker_hub
 
 sensor:
+  # Explicit ble_hub_id: pins the neutral binding as a declared key.
   - platform: b_parasite
+    ble_hub_id: ble_tracker_hub
     mac_address: F0:CA:F0:CA:01:01
     humidity:
       name: b-parasite Air Humidity

tests/components/b_parasite/test.ln882x-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+packages:
+  ln882h_ble_tracker: !include ../ln882h_ble_tracker/common.yaml
+  b_parasite: !include common-ln.yaml

tests/components/b_parasite/validate.bk72xx-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# Config-only: the CI base board (generic-bk7252, BLE 4.2) cannot compile the
+# BLE 5.x tracker, so this fixture proves validation (schema + neutral binding)
+# on a non-esp32 platform; codegen and compilation are not exercised here.
+bk72xx_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_tracker_hub
+
+sensor:
+  # Explicit ble_hub_id: pins the neutral binding as a declared key.
+  - platform: b_parasite
+    ble_hub_id: ble_tracker_hub
+    mac_address: F0:CA:F0:CA:01:01
+    humidity:
+      name: b-parasite Air Humidity
+    temperature:
+      name: b-parasite Air Temperature
+    moisture:
+      name: b-parasite Soil Moisture
+    battery_voltage:
+      name: b-parasite Battery Voltage
+    illuminance:
+      name: b-parasite Illuminance
+  # No ble_hub_id: exercises the generated binding real configs use.
+  - platform: b_parasite
+    mac_address: F0:CA:F0:CA:01:02
+    temperature:
+      name: BK b-parasite Implicit Temperature

tests/components/beken_spi_led_strip/test.bk72xx-ard.yaml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 light:
   - platform: beken_spi_led_strip
-    rgb_order: GRB
+    channel_colors: GRB
     pin: P16
     num_leds: 30
     chipset: ws2812

tests/components/beken_spi_led_strip/validate-legacy.bk72xx-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# The deprecated rgb_order / is_rgbw / is_wrgb keys, kept working until 2027.3.0.
+# Config-only, and only one strip because P16 is the sole supported pin.
+light:
+  - platform: beken_spi_led_strip
+    name: Legacy RGBW
+    pin: P16
+    num_leds: 30
+    chipset: sk6812
+    rgb_order: GRB
+    is_rgbw: true # -> GRBW

tests/components/binary_sensor/common.yaml

@@ -136,3 +136,19 @@ binary_sensor:
         invalid_cooldown: 2s
         then:
           - logger.log: "Click with custom cooldown"
+
+  # Test on_click and on_double_click (compiles match_interval via
+  # USE_BINARY_SENSOR_CLICK_TRIGGER)
+  - platform: template
+    id: click_triggers
+    name: "Click Triggers"
+    on_click:
+      min_length: 50ms
+      max_length: 350ms
+      then:
+        - logger.log: "Clicked"
+    on_double_click:
+      min_length: 50ms
+      max_length: 350ms
+      then:
+        - logger.log: "Double clicked"

tests/components/bk72xx_ble_tracker/validate-passive.bk72xx-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Passive scanning variant: the package merge keeps the shared parameters from
+# common.yaml and overrides only the mode.
+packages:
+  bk72xx_ble_tracker: !include common.yaml
+
+bk72xx_ble_tracker:
+  scan_parameters:
+    active: false

tests/components/ble_device_base/__init__.py

@@ -6,7 +6,11 @@ def override_manifest(manifest: ComponentManifestOverride) -> None:
     # resolve_irk() is compiled only when a sensor configures irk:
     # (request_irk_support() emits USE_BLE_DEVICE_IRK). The unit-test build has
     # no sensors, so emit the define here to put the real IRK path under test.
+    # Likewise the scan-response merger (emitted by the split-report trackers)
+    # and the listener vector it dispatches into (codegen-sized by consumers).
     async def to_code_testing(config):
         cg.add_define("USE_BLE_DEVICE_IRK")
+        cg.add_define("USE_BLE_SCAN_RESPONSE_MERGER")
+        cg.add_define("ESPHOME_BLE_DEVICE_BASE_LISTENER_COUNT", 4)
 
     manifest.to_code = to_code_testing

tests/components/ble_device_base/test_aes_ccm.cpp

@@ -19,6 +19,33 @@ const uint8_t TAG[4] = {0x48, 0x4d, 0xaa, 0x56};
 const uint8_t PLAINTEXT[7] = {0x02, 0x01, 0x64, 0x03, 0x10, 0x8a, 0x01};
 }  // namespace
 
+// Xiaomi's parameters differ from BTHome's: a 12-byte nonce and a 1-byte AAD
+// (0x11). Both the AAD block and the l = 3 length encoding are only reachable
+// through this shape, so they need their own vector. Generated the same way.
+namespace {
+const uint8_t NONCE_XIAOMI[12] = {0x30, 0x31, 0x32, 0x33, 0x34, 0x35, 0x36, 0x37, 0x38, 0x39, 0x3a, 0x3b};
+const uint8_t AAD_XIAOMI[1] = {0x11};
+const uint8_t CIPHERTEXT_XIAOMI[5] = {0xc3, 0x7e, 0x0a, 0x1d, 0x23};
+const uint8_t TAG_XIAOMI[4] = {0x98, 0x79, 0x87, 0xc6};
+const uint8_t PLAINTEXT_XIAOMI[5] = {0x04, 0x10, 0x02, 0xd4, 0x00};
+}  // namespace
+
+TEST(BleAesCcm, DecryptsXiaomiShapedVector) {
+  uint8_t out[sizeof(PLAINTEXT_XIAOMI)] = {};
+  EXPECT_TRUE(aes_ccm_auth_decrypt(KEY, NONCE_XIAOMI, sizeof(NONCE_XIAOMI), AAD_XIAOMI, sizeof(AAD_XIAOMI),
+                                   CIPHERTEXT_XIAOMI, sizeof(CIPHERTEXT_XIAOMI), out, TAG_XIAOMI, sizeof(TAG_XIAOMI)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, memcmp(out, PLAINTEXT_XIAOMI, sizeof(PLAINTEXT_XIAOMI)));
+}
+
+TEST(BleAesCcm, RejectsWrongAssociatedData) {
+  uint8_t bad_aad[sizeof(AAD_XIAOMI)];
+  memcpy(bad_aad, AAD_XIAOMI, sizeof(AAD_XIAOMI));
+  bad_aad[0] ^= 0x01;
+  uint8_t out[sizeof(PLAINTEXT_XIAOMI)] = {};
+  EXPECT_FALSE(aes_ccm_auth_decrypt(KEY, NONCE_XIAOMI, sizeof(NONCE_XIAOMI), bad_aad, sizeof(bad_aad),
+                                    CIPHERTEXT_XIAOMI, sizeof(CIPHERTEXT_XIAOMI), out, TAG_XIAOMI, sizeof(TAG_XIAOMI)));
+}
+
 TEST(BleAesCcm, DecryptsAndAuthenticatesKnownVector) {
   uint8_t out[sizeof(PLAINTEXT)] = {};
   EXPECT_TRUE(aes_ccm_auth_decrypt(KEY, NONCE, sizeof(NONCE), nullptr, 0, CIPHERTEXT, sizeof(CIPHERTEXT), out, TAG,

tests/components/ble_device_base/test_gatt_client_contract.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 // The GATT client contract compiles in no real build until a hub backend is
 // configured; this TU pins it on the host so the header cannot rot unseen.
+// The contract is a concept (BLEGattConnection is a per-platform alias), so
+// the minimal backend here proves the concept stays satisfiable and routes
+// events through the GattClientListener interface the way a real backend does.
 #define USE_BLE_GATT_CLIENT
 
 #include "esphome/components/ble_device_base/ble_gatt_client.h"
@@ -8,44 +11,55 @@
 
 namespace esphome::ble_device_base::testing {
 
-class RecordingListener : public GattClientEventListener {
+// Overrides only what it records; the interface's defaults cover the rest.
+class RecordingListener : public GattClientListener {
  public:
   void on_connection_state(bool connected, uint16_t mtu, int error) override { this->connected_ = connected; }
   void on_service_discovery_done(int error) override { this->discovery_error_ = error; }
-  void on_read_result(uint16_t handle, const uint8_t *data, uint16_t len, int error) override {}
-  void on_write_result(uint16_t handle, int error) override {}
-  void on_notify_state(uint16_t handle, bool enabled, int error) override {}
-  void on_notify_data(uint16_t handle, const uint8_t *data, uint16_t len) override {}
+  void on_write_result(uint16_t handle, int error) override { this->write_handle_ = handle; }
+
   bool connected_{false};
   int discovery_error_{0};
+  uint16_t write_handle_{0};
 };
 
-class MinimalConnection : public BLEGattConnection {
+class MinimalConnection {
  public:
-  int connect(uint64_t address, uint8_t addr_type) override {
-    if (this->listener_ != nullptr)
-      this->listener_->on_connection_state(true, 517, 0);
+  void set_listener(GattClientListener *listener) { this->listener_ = listener; }
+
+  int connect(uint64_t address, uint8_t addr_type) {
+    this->listener_->on_connection_state(true, 517, 0);
     return 0;
   }
-  int disconnect() override { return 0; }
-  int discover_services() override {
-    if (this->listener_ != nullptr)
-      this->listener_->on_service_discovery_done(0);
+  bool cancel_gatt_disconnect() { return false; }
+  int gatt_disconnect() { return 0; }
+  int discover_services() {
+    this->listener_->on_service_discovery_done(0);
     return 0;
   }
-  int read_characteristic(uint16_t handle) override { return GATT_ERR_NOT_CONNECTED; }
-  int write_characteristic(uint16_t handle, const uint8_t *data, uint16_t len, bool response) override { return 0; }
-  int read_descriptor(uint16_t handle) override { return 0; }
-  int write_descriptor(uint16_t handle, const uint8_t *data, uint16_t len) override { return 0; }
-  int notify_characteristic(uint16_t handle, bool enable) override { return 0; }
-  int update_connection_params(uint16_t min_interval, uint16_t max_interval, uint16_t latency,
-                               uint16_t timeout) override {
+  int read_characteristic(uint16_t handle) { return GATT_ERR_NOT_CONNECTED; }
+  int write_characteristic(uint16_t handle, const uint8_t *data, uint16_t len, bool response) {
+    this->listener_->on_write_result(handle, 0);
     return 0;
   }
-  GattServiceTable get_service_table() override { return {}; }
-  void release_services() override {}
+  int read_descriptor(uint16_t handle) { return 0; }
+  int write_descriptor(uint16_t handle, const uint8_t *data, uint16_t len) { return 0; }
+  int notify_characteristic(uint16_t handle, bool enable) { return 0; }
+  int pair() { return GATT_ERR_NOT_CONNECTED; }
+  int update_connection_params(uint16_t min_interval, uint16_t max_interval, uint16_t latency, uint16_t timeout) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  GattServiceTable get_service_table() { return {}; }
+  void release_services() {}
+  void set_connection_type(ConnectionType ct) {}
+
+ protected:
+  GattClientListener *listener_{nullptr};
 };
 
+static_assert(BLEGattConnectionContract<MinimalConnection>,
+              "a minimal backend must satisfy the contract the alias asserts");
+
 TEST(BleGattClientContract, MinimalImplementerCompilesAndRoutesEvents) {
   MinimalConnection connection;
   RecordingListener listener;
@@ -55,6 +69,8 @@ TEST(BleGattClientContract, MinimalImplementerCompilesAndRoutesEvents) {
   EXPECT_EQ(connection.discover_services(), 0);
   EXPECT_EQ(listener.discovery_error_, 0);
   EXPECT_EQ(connection.read_characteristic(1), GATT_ERR_NOT_CONNECTED);
+  EXPECT_EQ(connection.write_characteristic(7, nullptr, 0, true), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(listener.write_handle_, 7);
 
   // A default table is empty and safe to walk.
   GattServiceTable table = connection.get_service_table();

tests/components/ble_device_base/test_raw_callback.cpp

@@ -13,17 +13,12 @@ namespace esphome::ble_device_base::testing {
 //
 // The in-tree emit site (BK72xxBLETracker::on_scan_report) compiles against
 // the Beken SDK and cannot run host-side, so the guard-and-fire semantics are
-// pinned here through a minimal host BLEHub implementation instead.
+// pinned here through a minimal host hub carrying only the slot under test.
 namespace {
 
-class FakeHub : public BLEHub {
+class FakeHub {
  public:
-  void register_listener(ESPBTDeviceListener *listener) override {}
-  void set_raw_advertisement_callback(RawAdvertisementCallback callback) override { this->callback_ = callback; }
-  HubCapabilities get_capabilities() const override { return {false, false, false}; }
-  void get_adapter_mac(uint8_t out[6]) override {}
-  bool scan_running() override { return false; }
-  bool scan_active() override { return false; }
+  void set_raw_advertisement_callback(RawAdvertisementCallback callback) { this->callback_ = callback; }
 
   /// The emit path every tracker implements: fire only when a subscriber is set.
   void emit(const RawAdvertisement &adv) {
@@ -46,13 +41,13 @@ struct CapturingSubscriber {
   }
 };
 
-// Device AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF — controller order delivers FF first.
-const uint8_t MAC_LSB_FIRST[6] = {0xff, 0xee, 0xdd, 0xcc, 0xbb, 0xaa};
+// Device AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF, packed the way the API speaks it.
+constexpr uint64_t TEST_ADDRESS = 0xAABBCCDDEEFFULL;
 const uint8_t ADV_DATA[4] = {0x02, 0x01, 0x06, 0x00};
 
 RawAdvertisement make_test_adv() {
   return RawAdvertisement{
-      .mac = MAC_LSB_FIRST, .data = ADV_DATA, .data_len = sizeof(ADV_DATA), .rssi = -63, .addr_type = 1};
+      .address = TEST_ADDRESS, .data = ADV_DATA, .data_len = sizeof(ADV_DATA), .rssi = -63, .addr_type = 1};
 }
 
 }  // namespace
@@ -70,7 +65,7 @@ TEST(RawAdvertisementCallback, SubscriberSeesFieldsUnchanged) {
   hub.emit(make_test_adv());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(subscriber.calls, 1);
-  EXPECT_EQ(subscriber.last.mac, MAC_LSB_FIRST);
+  EXPECT_EQ(subscriber.last.address, TEST_ADDRESS);
   EXPECT_EQ(subscriber.last.data, ADV_DATA);
   EXPECT_EQ(subscriber.last.data_len, sizeof(ADV_DATA));
   EXPECT_EQ(subscriber.last.rssi, -63);

tests/components/ble_device_base/test_scan_mode_request.cpp

@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-
-#include <cstdint>
-
-#include "esphome/components/ble_device_base/ble_hub.h"
-
-namespace esphome::ble_device_base::testing {
-
-// Pins the request_scan_mode() contract: the base default refuses (so hubs
-// without a mode switch — and out-of-tree trackers — keep building and
-// callers report the real state), while an overriding hub both honors the
-// request and applies it.
-namespace {
-
-class DefaultHub : public BLEHub {
- public:
-  void register_listener(ESPBTDeviceListener *listener) override {}
-  void set_raw_advertisement_callback(RawAdvertisementCallback callback) override {}
-  HubCapabilities get_capabilities() const override { return {false, false, false}; }
-  void get_adapter_mac(uint8_t out[6]) override {}
-  bool scan_running() override { return false; }
-  // Backed by real state so "changes nothing" is observable: a base default
-  // that silently mutated the hub would flip this and fail the assertion.
-  bool scan_active() override { return this->active_; }
-
- protected:
-  bool active_{true};
-};
-
-class SwitchingHub : public DefaultHub {
- public:
-  HubCapabilities get_capabilities() const override { return {true, false, false, /* scan_mode_switch = */ true}; }
-  bool request_scan_mode(bool active) override {
-    this->active_ = active;
-    return true;
-  }
-};
-
-// The esp32 shape: the controller supports active scanning but the hub keeps
-// the refusing default (mode is driven through its own tracker API).
-class CapableRefusingHub : public DefaultHub {
- public:
-  HubCapabilities get_capabilities() const override { return {true, false, false}; }
-};
-
-}  // namespace
-
-TEST(BLEHubScanModeRequest, DefaultRefusesAndChangesNothing) {
-  DefaultHub hub;
-  EXPECT_TRUE(hub.scan_active());
-  EXPECT_FALSE(hub.request_scan_mode(false));
-  // Refused, not applied-and-reported-false: the state is untouched.
-  EXPECT_TRUE(hub.scan_active());
-  EXPECT_FALSE(hub.request_scan_mode(true));
-  EXPECT_TRUE(hub.scan_active());
-}
-
-TEST(BLEHubScanModeRequest, OverrideHonorsAndApplies) {
-  SwitchingHub hub;
-  EXPECT_TRUE(hub.get_capabilities().scan_mode_switch);
-  EXPECT_TRUE(hub.request_scan_mode(true));
-  EXPECT_TRUE(hub.scan_active());
-  EXPECT_TRUE(hub.request_scan_mode(false));
-  EXPECT_FALSE(hub.scan_active());
-}
-
-TEST(BLEHubScanModeRequest, CapabilityAndSwitchAreIndependent) {
-  CapableRefusingHub hub;
-  EXPECT_TRUE(hub.get_capabilities().active_scan);
-  // The esp32 shape advertises no runtime switch, and the request refuses.
-  EXPECT_FALSE(hub.get_capabilities().scan_mode_switch);
-  EXPECT_FALSE(hub.request_scan_mode(false));
-  EXPECT_TRUE(hub.scan_active());
-}
-
-}  // namespace esphome::ble_device_base::testing

tests/components/ble_device_base/test_scan_response_merger.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+// The host test build gets this from the manifest override; clang-tidy does not.
+#ifndef USE_BLE_SCAN_RESPONSE_MERGER
+#define USE_BLE_SCAN_RESPONSE_MERGER
+#endif
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "esphome/components/ble_device_base/scan_response_merger.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ble_device_base::testing {
+namespace {
+
+// Pins the merge policy three trackers share (ln882h, rp2, bk72xx): slot
+// bookkeeping, the same-device reuse path, the table-full fallback, the
+// 62-byte truncation, the advertisement-RSSI choice and the raw_only gate.
+// Delivery is observed through a real AdvDispatcher: the raw callback sees
+// every frame (including raw_only), a listener only the parsed ones.
+
+struct DeliveredFrame {
+  uint64_t address;
+  std::vector<uint8_t> data;
+  int8_t rssi;
+};
+
+struct RawCapture {
+  std::vector<DeliveredFrame> frames;
+
+  static void trampoline(void *self, const RawAdvertisement &adv) {
+    auto *capture = static_cast<RawCapture *>(self);
+    capture->frames.push_back({adv.address, std::vector<uint8_t>(adv.data, adv.data + adv.data_len), adv.rssi});
+  }
+};
+
+class CountingListener : public ESPBTDeviceListener {
+ public:
+  bool parse_device(const ESPBTDevice &device) override {
+    this->parsed++;
+    return true;  // claimed: keeps the discovered log quiet
+  }
+  int parsed{0};
+};
+
+class ScanResponseMergerTest : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  void SetUp() override {
+    this->dispatcher_.set_raw_advertisement_callback({&this->raw_, &RawCapture::trampoline});
+    this->dispatcher_.register_listener(&this->listener_);
+    this->merger_.bind(&this->dispatcher_, &this->scan_continuous_, "test");
+  }
+
+  void stash_(const uint8_t (&mac)[6], int8_t rssi, uint8_t data_len, uint8_t fill, uint32_t now = 0) {
+    std::vector<uint8_t> data(data_len, fill);
+    this->merger_.stash_adv(mac, rssi, 0, data.data(), data_len, now);
+  }
+
+  void scan_rsp_(const uint8_t (&mac)[6], int8_t rssi, uint8_t data_len, uint8_t fill) {
+    std::vector<uint8_t> data(data_len, fill);
+    this->merger_.submit_scan_rsp(mac, rssi, 0, data.data(), data_len);
+  }
+
+  ScanResponseMerger merger_;
+  AdvDispatcher dispatcher_;
+  RawCapture raw_;
+  CountingListener listener_;
+  bool scan_continuous_{true};
+};
+
+constexpr uint8_t MAC_A[6] = {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06};
+constexpr uint8_t MAC_B[6] = {0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0x14, 0x15, 0x16};
+
+TEST_F(ScanResponseMergerTest, MatchedPairDeliversOneMergedFrameWithAdvRssi) {
+  this->stash_(MAC_A, -40, 20, 0xAA);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(this->raw_.frames.empty());  // held, not delivered
+
+  this->scan_rsp_(MAC_A, -70, 10, 0xBB);
+  ASSERT_EQ(this->raw_.frames.size(), 1u);
+  const auto &frame = this->raw_.frames[0];
+  ASSERT_EQ(frame.data.size(), 30u);  // adv + response as ONE frame
+  EXPECT_EQ(frame.data[0], 0xAA);
+  EXPECT_EQ(frame.data[19], 0xAA);
+  EXPECT_EQ(frame.data[20], 0xBB);
+  // The advertisement's RSSI, never the scan response's.
+  EXPECT_EQ(frame.rssi, -40);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->listener_.parsed, 1);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(this->merger_.empty());
+}
+
+TEST_F(ScanResponseMergerTest, ReAdvertisementDeliversHeldFrameAndReusesSlot) {
+  this->stash_(MAC_A, -40, 20, 0xAA);
+  this->stash_(MAC_A, -45, 22, 0xCC);  // same device again: first frame is delivered
+  ASSERT_EQ(this->raw_.frames.size(), 1u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->raw_.frames[0].data.size(), 20u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->raw_.frames[0].rssi, -40);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(this->merger_.empty());  // the second advertisement now holds the slot
+
+  this->scan_rsp_(MAC_A, -70, 5, 0xBB);
+  ASSERT_EQ(this->raw_.frames.size(), 2u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->raw_.frames[1].data.size(), 27u);  // 22 + 5, merged from the reused slot
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->raw_.frames[1].rssi, -45);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ScanResponseMergerTest, FullTableDegradesToUnmergedDelivery) {
+  uint8_t mac[6] = {0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+    mac[5] = i;
+    this->stash_(mac, -50, 10, i);
+  }
+  EXPECT_TRUE(this->raw_.frames.empty());  // 8 slots, all held
+
+  mac[5] = 8;
+  this->stash_(mac, -50, 10, 8);            // 9th device: no slot left
+  ASSERT_EQ(this->raw_.frames.size(), 1u);  // delivered immediately, unmerged
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->raw_.frames[0].data.size(), 10u);
+
+  this->merger_.flush();  // the 8 held frames are all still intact
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->raw_.frames.size(), 9u);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(this->merger_.empty());
+}
+
+TEST_F(ScanResponseMergerTest, MergeTruncatesAtBufferCapacity) {
+  this->stash_(MAC_A, -40, 31, 0xAA);
+  this->scan_rsp_(MAC_A, -70, 40, 0xBB);  // only 31 bytes of room remain
+  ASSERT_EQ(this->raw_.frames.size(), 1u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->raw_.frames[0].data.size(), 62u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->raw_.frames[0].data[31], 0xBB);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->raw_.frames[0].data[61], 0xBB);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ScanResponseMergerTest, UnmatchedScanResponseIsRawOnly) {
+  this->scan_rsp_(MAC_B, -60, 12, 0xDD);
+  ASSERT_EQ(this->raw_.frames.size(), 1u);  // still forwarded on the raw path
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->raw_.frames[0].rssi, -60);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->listener_.parsed, 0);  // but never parsed for listeners
+}
+
+TEST_F(ScanResponseMergerTest, AddrTypeIsPartOfTheMatchKey) {
+  std::vector<uint8_t> adv(20, 0xAA);
+  this->merger_.stash_adv(MAC_A, -40, /*addr_type=*/0, adv.data(), adv.size(), 0);
+  std::vector<uint8_t> rsp(10, 0xBB);
+  this->merger_.submit_scan_rsp(MAC_A, -70, /*addr_type=*/1, rsp.data(), rsp.size());
+  // Same MAC, different addr_type: no merge — the response goes out raw_only.
+  ASSERT_EQ(this->raw_.frames.size(), 1u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->raw_.frames[0].data.size(), 10u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->listener_.parsed, 0);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(this->merger_.empty());  // the advertisement is still held
+}
+
+TEST_F(ScanResponseMergerTest, SweepDeliversOnlyPastTheTimeout) {
+  this->stash_(MAC_A, -40, 20, 0xAA, /*now=*/1000);
+  this->merger_.sweep(1300);  // exactly 300 ms: not yet past the timeout
+  EXPECT_TRUE(this->raw_.frames.empty());
+  this->merger_.sweep(1301);
+  ASSERT_EQ(this->raw_.frames.size(), 1u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->raw_.frames[0].rssi, -40);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->listener_.parsed, 1);  // timeout delivery is a full parse, not raw_only
+  EXPECT_TRUE(this->merger_.empty());
+}
+
+TEST_F(ScanResponseMergerTest, FlushDeliversEverythingImmediately) {
+  this->stash_(MAC_A, -40, 20, 0xAA, /*now=*/1000);
+  this->stash_(MAC_B, -50, 15, 0xBB, /*now=*/1000);
+  this->merger_.flush();
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->raw_.frames.size(), 2u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->listener_.parsed, 2);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(this->merger_.empty());
+}
+
+TEST_F(ScanResponseMergerTest, UnboundMergerDropsInsteadOfCrashing) {
+  ScanResponseMerger unbound;
+  std::vector<uint8_t> data(20, 0xAA);
+  unbound.stash_adv(MAC_A, -40, 0, data.data(), data.size(), 0);
+  unbound.submit_scan_rsp(MAC_A, -70, 0, data.data(), data.size());
+  unbound.sweep(1000);
+  unbound.flush();  // no null jump anywhere
+  EXPECT_TRUE(unbound.empty());
+}
+
+TEST_F(ScanResponseMergerTest, PartialBindIsTreatedAsUnbound) {
+  ScanResponseMerger partial;
+  partial.bind(&this->dispatcher_, nullptr, "test");
+  std::vector<uint8_t> data(20, 0xAA);
+  partial.submit_scan_rsp(MAC_A, -70, 0, data.data(), data.size());
+  partial.stash_adv(MAC_A, -40, 0, data.data(), data.size(), 0);
+  partial.flush();  // dropped, not dispatched through half a binding
+  EXPECT_TRUE(this->raw_.frames.empty());
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+}  // namespace esphome::ble_device_base::testing

tests/components/ble_device_base/test_scanner_state_callback.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+#include "esphome/components/ble_device_base/ble_hub.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ble_device_base::testing {
+
+// Pins the ScannerStateCallback slot semantics, mirroring test_raw_callback:
+// a default-constructed slot is "no subscriber", a set slot delivers the
+// state, and a new registration replaces the old.
+namespace {
+
+struct CapturingSubscriber {
+  ScannerState last{ScannerState::IDLE};
+  int calls{0};
+
+  static void trampoline(void *self, ScannerState state) {
+    auto *sub = static_cast<CapturingSubscriber *>(self);
+    sub->last = state;
+    sub->calls++;
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+TEST(ScannerStateCallback, DefaultConstructedSlotIsNotSet) {
+  const ScannerStateCallback callback{};
+  EXPECT_FALSE(callback.is_set());
+}
+
+TEST(ScannerStateCallback, SubscriberSeesState) {
+  CapturingSubscriber subscriber;
+  ScannerStateCallback callback{&subscriber, CapturingSubscriber::trampoline};
+  ASSERT_TRUE(callback.is_set());
+  callback.invoke(ScannerState::RUNNING);
+  EXPECT_EQ(subscriber.calls, 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(subscriber.last, ScannerState::RUNNING);
+}
+
+TEST(ScannerStateCallback, NewSubscriberReplacesOld) {
+  CapturingSubscriber first;
+  CapturingSubscriber second;
+  ScannerStateCallback callback{&first, CapturingSubscriber::trampoline};
+  callback = {&second, CapturingSubscriber::trampoline};
+  callback.invoke(ScannerState::STOPPED);
+  EXPECT_EQ(first.calls, 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(second.calls, 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(second.last, ScannerState::STOPPED);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ble_device_base::testing

tests/components/ble_presence/common-ln.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+binary_sensor:
+  - platform: ble_presence
+    mac_address: 11:22:33:44:55:66
+    name: BLE Test Presence

tests/components/ble_presence/common.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 esp32_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_tracker_hub
 
 binary_sensor:
+  # Explicit ble_hub_id: pins the neutral binding as a declared key.
   - platform: ble_presence
+    ble_hub_id: ble_tracker_hub
     mac_address: AC:37:43:77:5F:4C
     name: ESP32 BLE Tracker Google Home Mini
   - platform: ble_presence

tests/components/ble_presence/test.ln882x-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+packages:
+  ln882h_ble_tracker: !include ../ln882h_ble_tracker/common.yaml
+  ble_presence: !include common-ln.yaml

tests/components/ble_presence/validate.bk72xx-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# Config-only: the CI base board (generic-bk7252, BLE 4.2) cannot compile the
+# BLE 5.x tracker, so this fixture proves validation (schema + neutral binding)
+# on a non-esp32 platform; codegen and compilation are not exercised here.
+bk72xx_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_hub
+
+binary_sensor:
+  - platform: ble_presence
+    ble_hub_id: ble_hub
+    mac_address: AC:37:43:77:5F:4C
+    name: BK BLE Presence
+  - platform: ble_presence
+    irk: 1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef
+    name: BK BLE Presence IRK

tests/components/ble_rssi/common-ln.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+sensor:
+  - platform: ble_rssi
+    # irk: is the only thing that emits USE_BLE_DEVICE_IRK off ESP32
+    irk: 1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef
+    name: BLE Test RSSI

tests/components/ble_rssi/common.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 esp32_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_tracker_hub
 
 sensor:
+  # Explicit ble_hub_id: pins the neutral binding as a declared key.
   - platform: ble_rssi
+    ble_hub_id: ble_tracker_hub
     mac_address: AC:37:43:77:5F:4C
     name: BLE Google Home Mini RSSI value
   - platform: ble_rssi
@@ -14,7 +17,9 @@ sensor:
     service_uuid: 11223344-5566-7788-99aa-bbccddeeff00
     name: BLE Test Service 128
   - platform: ble_rssi
-    service_uuid: 11223344-5566-7788-99aa-bbccddeeff00
+    ibeacon_uuid: 11223344-5566-7788-99aa-bbccddeeff00
+    ibeacon_major: 100
+    ibeacon_minor: 1
     name: BLE Test iBeacon UUID
   - platform: ble_rssi
     irk: 1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef

tests/components/ble_rssi/test.ln882x-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+packages:
+  ln882h_ble_tracker: !include ../ln882h_ble_tracker/common.yaml
+  ble_rssi: !include common-ln.yaml

tests/components/ble_rssi/validate-legacy-key.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Config-only: pins the esp32_ble_id: -> ble_hub_id: deprecation alias — the
+# legacy key must keep validating (with a rename warning) until its removal
+# release (2027.2.0).
+esp32_ble_tracker:
+  id: legacy_tracker
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: ble_rssi
+    esp32_ble_id: legacy_tracker
+    mac_address: AC:37:43:77:5F:4C
+    name: Legacy Key RSSI

tests/components/ble_rssi/validate.bk72xx-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# Config-only: the CI base board (generic-bk7252, BLE 4.2) cannot compile the
+# BLE 5.x tracker, so this fixture proves validation (schema + neutral binding)
+# on a non-esp32 platform; codegen and compilation are not exercised here.
+bk72xx_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_hub
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: ble_rssi
+    ble_hub_id: ble_hub
+    mac_address: AC:37:43:77:5F:4C
+    name: BK BLE RSSI
+  - platform: ble_rssi
+    irk: 1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef
+    name: BK BLE RSSI IRK

tests/components/ble_scanner/common-ln.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+text_sensor:
+  - platform: ble_scanner
+    name: BLE Test Scanner

tests/components/ble_scanner/common.yaml

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 esp32_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_tracker_hub
 
 text_sensor:
+  # Explicit ble_hub_id: pins the neutral binding as a declared key.
   - platform: ble_scanner
+    ble_hub_id: ble_tracker_hub
     name: Scanner

tests/components/ble_scanner/test.ln882x-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+packages:
+  ln882h_ble_tracker: !include ../ln882h_ble_tracker/common.yaml
+  ble_scanner: !include common-ln.yaml

tests/components/ble_scanner/validate.bk72xx-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Config-only: the CI base board (generic-bk7252, BLE 4.2) cannot compile the
+# BLE 5.x tracker, so this fixture proves validation (schema + neutral binding)
+# on a non-esp32 platform; codegen and compilation are not exercised here.
+bk72xx_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_hub
+
+text_sensor:
+  - platform: ble_scanner
+    ble_hub_id: ble_hub
+    name: BK Scanner
+  # No ble_hub_id: exercises the generated binding _require_hub guards.
+  - platform: ble_scanner
+    name: BK Scanner Implicit

tests/components/bluetooth_connection/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import esphome.codegen as cg
+from tests.testing_helpers import ComponentManifestOverride
+
+
+def override_manifest(manifest: ComponentManifestOverride) -> None:
+    # close_service_batch compiles only under USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY_CONNECTIONS;
+    # emit the backend define so the host build exercises it.
+    async def to_code_testing(config):
+        # These defines are global to the merged host test binary; safe
+        # because no co-compiled test observes them.
+        cg.add_define("USE_BLE_GATT_CLIENT")
+        cg.add_define("USE_BLE_GATT_CLIENT_STUB_BACKEND")
+        cg.add_define("USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY")
+        # Gates the connection half of the API surface, which is what
+        # close_service_batch and the GATT response types live behind.
+        cg.add_define("USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY_CONNECTIONS")
+        cg.add_define("BLUETOOTH_PROXY_ADVERTISEMENT_BATCH_SIZE", 16)
+        cg.add_define("BLUETOOTH_PROXY_MAX_CONNECTIONS", 1)
+
+    manifest.to_code = to_code_testing
+    # The batcher sizes api protobuf messages.
+    manifest.dependencies = manifest.dependencies + ["api"]

tests/components/bluetooth_connection/common.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+wifi:
+  ssid: MySSID
+  password: password1
+
+ota:
+  - platform: esphome
+
+api:

tests/components/bluetooth_connection/test_close_service_batch.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#include "esphome/components/bluetooth_connection/bluetooth_connection.h"
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "esphome/components/api/api_pb2.h"
+
+namespace esphome::bluetooth_connection {
+
+// The three cursor behaviors: a fitting service advances and continues, an
+// overflowing batch with >1 service pops and retries it, and a single
+// oversized service is force-advanced so the stream cannot wedge.
+
+static void add_service(api::BluetoothGATTGetServicesResponse &resp, uint16_t characteristics) {
+  resp.services.emplace_back();
+  auto &svc = resp.services.back();
+  svc.handle = resp.services.size();
+  svc.uuid = {0x1234567890ABCDEFULL, 0xFEDCBA0987654321ULL};
+  svc.characteristics.init(characteristics);
+  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < characteristics; i++) {
+    auto &chr = svc.characteristics.emplace_back();
+    chr.handle = 100 + i;
+    chr.properties = 0x12;
+    chr.uuid = {0x1234567890ABCDEFULL, 0xFEDCBA0987654321ULL};
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(CloseServiceBatch, FittingServiceAdvancesAndContinues) {
+  api::BluetoothGATTGetServicesResponse resp;
+  add_service(resp, 1);
+  size_t current_size = 0;
+  int16_t cursor = 0;
+  EXPECT_EQ(close_service_batch(resp, current_size, cursor, 0, "AA:BB"), BatchClose::CONTINUE);
+  EXPECT_EQ(cursor, 1);
+  EXPECT_GT(current_size, 0u);
+}
+
+TEST(CloseServiceBatch, OverflowPopsAndRetriesWithoutAdvancing) {
+  api::BluetoothGATTGetServicesResponse resp;
+  add_service(resp, 1);
+  add_service(resp, 1);
+  size_t current_size = MAX_PACKET_SIZE - 10;  // any service is bigger than 10 bytes
+  int16_t cursor = 5;
+  EXPECT_EQ(close_service_batch(resp, current_size, cursor, 0, "AA:BB"), BatchClose::SEND);
+  EXPECT_EQ(resp.services.size(), 1u);  // popped for the next batch
+  EXPECT_EQ(cursor, 5);                 // not advanced: retried next batch
+}
+
+TEST(CloseServiceBatch, SingleOversizedServiceForceAdvances) {
+  api::BluetoothGATTGetServicesResponse resp;
+  add_service(resp, 60);  // ~30 bytes per characteristic, far past the budget
+  ASSERT_GT(resp.services.back().calculate_size(), MAX_PACKET_SIZE);
+  size_t current_size = 0;
+  int16_t cursor = 7;
+  EXPECT_EQ(close_service_batch(resp, current_size, cursor, 0, "AA:BB"), BatchClose::SEND);
+  EXPECT_EQ(cursor, 8);  // advanced despite not fitting, so the stream moves on
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::bluetooth_connection

tests/components/bluetooth_connection/test_gatt_uuid.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Pins the shared UUID wire packing and the size-estimate budget the service
+// streamers rely on, in both efficient and legacy client modes.
+#include "esphome/components/bluetooth_connection/bluetooth_connection.h"
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+namespace esphome::bluetooth_connection::testing {
+
+using ble_device_base::ESPBTUUID;
+
+TEST(GattUuidPacking, ShortUuidUsedWhenClientSupportsIt) {
+  std::array<uint64_t, 2> uuid128{};
+  uint32_t short_uuid = 0;
+  fill_gatt_uuid(uuid128, short_uuid, ESPBTUUID::from_uint16(0x180F), true);
+  EXPECT_EQ(short_uuid, 0x180Fu);
+  EXPECT_EQ(uuid128[0], 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(uuid128[1], 0u);
+}
+
+TEST(GattUuidPacking, LegacyClientGetsBaseUuidExpansion) {
+  // 0000180F-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB
+  std::array<uint64_t, 2> uuid128{};
+  uint32_t short_uuid = 0;
+  fill_gatt_uuid(uuid128, short_uuid, ESPBTUUID::from_uint16(0x180F), false);
+  EXPECT_EQ(short_uuid, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(uuid128[0], 0x0000180F00001000ULL);
+  EXPECT_EQ(uuid128[1], 0x800000805F9B34FBULL);
+}
+
+TEST(GattUuidPacking, FullUuidPassesThroughBigEndian) {
+  // 12345678-90AB-CDEF-1122-334455667788, stored little-endian in ESPBTUUID.
+  const uint8_t big_endian[16] = {0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78, 0x90, 0xAB, 0xCD, 0xEF,
+                                  0x11, 0x22, 0x33, 0x44, 0x55, 0x66, 0x77, 0x88};
+  std::array<uint64_t, 2> uuid128{};
+  uint32_t short_uuid = 0;
+  // Efficient mode must still use the 128-bit form for 128-bit UUIDs.
+  fill_gatt_uuid(uuid128, short_uuid, ESPBTUUID::from_raw_reversed(big_endian), true);
+  EXPECT_EQ(short_uuid, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(uuid128[0], 0x1234567890ABCDEFULL);
+  EXPECT_EQ(uuid128[1], 0x1122334455667788ULL);
+}
+
+TEST(GattUuidPacking, EstimateGrowsWithCharacteristicsAndMode) {
+  // The estimate only gates batching; pin its shape, not exact bytes.
+  EXPECT_LT(estimate_service_size(0, true), estimate_service_size(0, false));
+  EXPECT_LT(estimate_service_size(1, false), estimate_service_size(2, false));
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::bluetooth_connection::testing

tests/components/bluetooth_connection/validate.rp2040-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Distinct shape from bluetooth_proxy's own rp2 fixtures: explicit slot count
+# on the platform whose backend lives in this component (validate-only, so it
+# never collides with grouped builds).
+packages:
+  common: !include common.yaml
+
+rp2_ble_tracker:
+
+# Two slots: the one shape where the wrap pools are smaller than the cap.
+bluetooth_proxy:
+  active: true
+  connection_slots: 2

tests/components/bluetooth_proxy/test-passive.esp32-c6-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Advertisement-only proxy on esp32 by explicit choice: no GATT backend is
+# compiled (USE_BLE_GATT_CLIENT unset), which pins the HAS_GATT gating and the
+# address-scoped maintenance path that a connections build never exercises.
+# Under batch grouping the active default build is what runs; the standalone
+# compile of this fixture is what exercises the passive gating.
+packages:
+  common: !include common.yaml
+
+esp32_ble_tracker:
+
+bluetooth_proxy:
+  active: false

tests/components/bluetooth_proxy/test-passive.rp2040-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Advertisement-only proxy on rp2 by explicit choice. Variant tests compile
+# as their own builds when this component is tested individually; under CI
+# batch grouping the active default build is what runs, so this fixture's
+# guarantee is the individual run plus config validation.
+packages:
+  common: !include common.yaml
+
+rp2_ble_tracker:
+
+bluetooth_proxy:
+  active: false

tests/components/bluetooth_proxy/test.rp2040-ard.yaml

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
-# Advertisement-only proxy on the rp2 BLE hub — the one non-esp32 platform the
-# proxy admits today (active-scan-capable), and a target CI fully compiles.
+# Full proxy on the rp2 BLE hub: active defaults to true here (esp32 parity),
+# so this compiles the BTstack GATT client backend with the default three
+# connection slots, exercising the rp2040_ble/btstack_memory.cpp pool --wrap
+# link.
 # No explicit ble_hub_id: the generated binding resolves the single declared
 # hub, and an inline id here would collide with rp2_ble_tracker's own fixture
 # once CI merges both components into one grouped rp2040-ard build (grouped

tests/components/bluetooth_proxy/test.rp2350-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Pico 2 W build of the full proxy: links the rp2350 framework archive, so
+# the pool --wrap overrides and their per-architecture layout asserts are
+# exercised for this chip too (see test.rp2040-ard.yaml for the slot shape).
+packages:
+  common: !include common.yaml
+
+rp2_ble_tracker:
+
+bluetooth_proxy:

tests/components/bluetooth_proxy/validate.bk72xx-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Advertisement-only proxy on the bk72xx BLE hub (active-scan-capable since the
+# tracker's packed-command start). Config-only: the CI base board generic-bk7252
+# is BLE 4.2 and cannot compile the BLE 5.x tracker. Same bare-hub arrangement
+# as test.ln882x-ard.yaml: no explicit ble_hub_id so a grouped build cannot
+# collide with bk72xx_ble_tracker's own fixture id.
+packages:
+  common: !include common.yaml
+
+bk72xx_ble_tracker:
+
+bluetooth_proxy:

tests/components/bthome_mithermometer/common-ln.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+sensor:
+  - platform: bthome_mithermometer
+    mac_address: A4:C1:38:4E:16:78
+    # bindkey compiles ble_device_base::aes_ccm_auth_decrypt off Espressif
+    bindkey: eef418daf699a0c188f3bfd17e4565d9
+    temperature:
+      name: BTHome Temperature
+    humidity:
+      name: BTHome Humidity

tests/components/bthome_mithermometer/common.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 esp32_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_tracker_hub
 
 sensor:
+  # Explicit ble_hub_id: pins the neutral binding as a declared key.
   - platform: bthome_mithermometer
+    ble_hub_id: ble_tracker_hub
     mac_address: A4:C1:38:4E:16:78
     bindkey: eef418daf699a0c188f3bfd17e4565d9
     temperature:

tests/components/bthome_mithermometer/test.ln882x-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+packages:
+  ln882h_ble_tracker: !include ../ln882h_ble_tracker/common.yaml
+  bthome_mithermometer: !include common-ln.yaml

tests/components/bthome_mithermometer/validate.bk72xx-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Config-only: the CI base board (generic-bk7252, BLE 4.2) cannot compile the
+# BLE 5.x tracker, so this fixture proves validation (schema + neutral binding)
+# on a non-esp32 platform; codegen and compilation are not exercised here.
+bk72xx_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_hub
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: bthome_mithermometer
+    ble_hub_id: ble_hub
+    mac_address: A4:C1:38:4E:16:78
+    bindkey: eef418daf699a0c188f3bfd17e4565d9
+    temperature:
+      name: BK BTHome Temperature
+  # No ble_hub_id: exercises the generated binding real configs use.
+  - platform: bthome_mithermometer
+    mac_address: A4:C1:38:4E:16:79
+    temperature:
+      name: BK BTHome Implicit Temperature

tests/components/camera/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import esphome.codegen as cg
+from tests.testing_helpers import ComponentManifestOverride
+
+
+def override_manifest(manifest: ComponentManifestOverride) -> None:
+    # No host camera platform exists to emit USE_CAMERA; define it here so
+    # the iterator CAMERA state compiles into the test binary.
+    async def to_code_testing(config):
+        cg.add_define("USE_CAMERA")
+
+    manifest.to_code = to_code_testing

tests/components/camera/test_component_iterator_camera.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "esphome/core/component_iterator.h"
+
+#ifdef USE_CAMERA
+#include "esphome/components/camera/camera.h"
+
+namespace esphome::testing {
+
+class StubCamera : public camera::Camera {
+ public:
+  void add_listener(camera::CameraListener *listener) override {}
+  camera::CameraImageReader *create_image_reader() override { return nullptr; }
+  void request_image(camera::CameraRequester requester) override {}
+  void start_stream(camera::CameraRequester requester) override {}
+  void stop_stream(camera::CameraRequester requester) override {}
+};
+
+// Iterator that accepts everything except the camera, which can refuse a
+// configurable number of times. The CAMERA state is a singleton path
+// distinct from process_platform_item_; this pins the same contract:
+// a refused camera is re-offered, never skipped.
+class CameraRefusingIterator : public ComponentIterator {
+ public:
+// NOLINTBEGIN(bugprone-macro-parentheses)
+#define ENTITY_TYPE_(type, singular, plural, count, upper) \
+  bool on_##singular(type *obj) override { return true; }
+#define ENTITY_CONTROLLER_TYPE_(type, singular, plural, count, upper, callback) \
+  ENTITY_TYPE_(type, singular, plural, count, upper)
+#include "esphome/core/entity_types.h"
+#undef ENTITY_TYPE_
+#undef ENTITY_CONTROLLER_TYPE_
+  // NOLINTEND(bugprone-macro-parentheses)
+
+  bool on_camera(camera::Camera *obj) override {
+    this->camera_calls++;
+    if (this->camera_refusals > 0) {
+      this->camera_refusals--;
+      return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  int camera_calls{0};
+  int camera_refusals{0};
+};
+
+// Far above the fixed number of iterator states
+static constexpr size_t BIG_BUDGET = 1000;
+
+class ComponentIteratorCameraTest : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  void SetUp() override {
+    // Constructing a Camera installs the process-wide singleton
+    static StubCamera stub_camera;
+    ASSERT_EQ(camera::Camera::instance(), &stub_camera);
+  }
+};
+
+TEST_F(ComponentIteratorCameraTest, RefusedCameraIsReofferedNotSkipped) {
+  CameraRefusingIterator it;
+  it.camera_refusals = 2;
+  it.begin();
+  // Runs until the camera refuses, which stops the pass
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.camera_calls, 1);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(it.completed());
+  // The camera is re-offered once per call, not skipped
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.camera_calls, 2);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(it.completed());
+  // Once accepted, the iteration completes
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(it.completed());
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.camera_calls, 3);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::testing
+#endif  // USE_CAMERA

tests/components/climate/climate_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include "esphome/components/climate/climate.h"
+
+namespace esphome::climate::testing {
+
+// Minimal concrete Climate that offers a fixed set of modes, so the restore path can be exercised
+// without any hardware or platform component.
+class TestClimate : public Climate {
+ public:
+  ClimateTraits traits() override {
+    auto traits = ClimateTraits();
+    traits.set_supported_modes({CLIMATE_MODE_OFF, CLIMATE_MODE_COOL});
+    traits.set_supported_fan_modes({CLIMATE_FAN_LOW, CLIMATE_FAN_HIGH});
+    return traits;
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  void control(const ClimateCall &call) override {}
+};
+
+TEST(ClimateRestoreStateTest, RestoresASupportedMode) {
+  TestClimate climate;
+  // Value-initialized: several members (mode, swing_mode, the temperature union) have no default
+  // member initializer, so leaving the {} off would read indeterminate values.
+  ClimateDeviceRestoreState state{};
+  state.mode = CLIMATE_MODE_COOL;
+
+  state.apply(&climate);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(climate.mode, CLIMATE_MODE_COOL);
+}
+
+TEST(ClimateRestoreStateTest, DoesNotRestoreAnUnsupportedMode) {
+  TestClimate climate;
+  ClimateDeviceRestoreState state{};
+  state.mode = CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT;
+
+  state.apply(&climate);
+
+  // The device never advertised HEAT, so the mode stays where it was.
+  EXPECT_EQ(climate.mode, CLIMATE_MODE_OFF);
+}
+
+TEST(ClimateRestoreStateTest, LeavesTheCurrentModeAloneRatherThanForcingOff) {
+  TestClimate climate;
+  // apply() is public and nothing restricts it to setup(), so the entity is not necessarily off
+  // when an unsupported mode is dropped. It keeps what it had rather than being forced to OFF.
+  climate.mode = CLIMATE_MODE_COOL;
+  ClimateDeviceRestoreState state{};
+  state.mode = CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT;
+
+  state.apply(&climate);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(climate.mode, CLIMATE_MODE_COOL);
+}
+
+TEST(ClimateRestoreStateTest, KeepsRestoringTheOtherFieldsWhenTheModeIsDropped) {
+  TestClimate climate;
+  ClimateDeviceRestoreState state{};
+  state.mode = CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT;
+  state.target_temperature = 21.0f;
+  state.uses_custom_fan_mode = false;
+  state.fan_mode = CLIMATE_FAN_HIGH;
+
+  state.apply(&climate);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(climate.mode, CLIMATE_MODE_OFF);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(climate.target_temperature, 21.0f);
+  // Compared as an optional: this asserts both that the fan mode was restored and what it holds.
+  EXPECT_EQ(climate.fan_mode, CLIMATE_FAN_HIGH);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::climate::testing

tests/components/climate_ir_lg/common.yaml

@@ -12,5 +12,8 @@ climate:
   - platform: climate_ir_lg
     name: LG Climate
     transmitter_id: xmitr
+    header_high: 3300us
+    header_low: 9840us
+    advanced_commands_support: true
     sensor: climate_ir_lg_temp_sensor
     humidity_sensor: humidity_sensor

tests/components/core/benchmark.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Pulls in sensor so entity iteration paths compile (USE_SENSOR);
+# tests register their own instances. Plain yaml.safe_load, no ESPHome tags.
+# An alphabetically-earlier component's sensor: block shadows this one in
+# combined builds; the tests' sensor-count ASSERT catches a capacity drop.
+sensor:
+  - platform: template
+    id: bench_sensor_a
+    name: "Bench A"
+  - platform: template
+    id: bench_sensor_b
+    name: "Bench B"

tests/components/core/helpers_test.cpp

@@ -83,4 +83,50 @@ TEST(StaticVectorTest, ConvertingConstructorSameSize) {
   EXPECT_EQ(dst[2], 3);
 }
 
+TEST(StringContainsIgnoreCaseTest, NullPointerAlwaysFalse) {
+  const char *haystack = nullptr;
+  const char *needle = nullptr;
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(str_contains_ignore_case(haystack, needle));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(str_contains_ignore_case("Hello World", needle));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(str_contains_ignore_case(haystack, "anything"));
+}
+
+TEST(StringContainsIgnoreCaseTest, EmptySearchMatches) {
+  const char *haystack = "Hello World";
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(str_contains_ignore_case_fallback(haystack, ""));
+}
+
+TEST(StringContainsIgnoreCaseTest, MiscCaseMatches) {
+  const char *haystack = "Hello World";
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(str_contains_ignore_case_fallback(haystack, "Hello"));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(str_contains_ignore_case_fallback(haystack, "hello"));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(str_contains_ignore_case_fallback(haystack, "HELLO"));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(str_contains_ignore_case_fallback(haystack, "hELLO"));
+}
+
+TEST(StringContainsIgnoreCaseTest, MiscNotMatching) {
+  const char *haystack = "Hello World";
+
+  // Expected to match
+  EXPECT_TRUE(str_contains_ignore_case_fallback(haystack, "Hell"));
+
+  // Expected not to match
+  EXPECT_FALSE(str_contains_ignore_case_fallback(haystack, "Heaven"));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(str_contains_ignore_case_fallback(haystack, "Hello!"));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(str_contains_ignore_case_fallback(haystack, "world!"));
+}
+
+TEST(StringContainsIgnoreCaseTest, FallbackMatchesLibc) {
+  const char *haystack = "Hello World";
+  for (const char *needle : {"", "Hello", "hELLO", "HELLO", "Hell", "world", "World", "Heaven", "Hello!", "d"}) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(str_contains_ignore_case_fallback(haystack, needle), str_contains_ignore_case(haystack, needle))
+        << "needle: " << needle;
+  }
+  EXPECT_EQ(str_contains_ignore_case_fallback("", ""), str_contains_ignore_case("", ""));
+  EXPECT_EQ(str_contains_ignore_case_fallback("ab", "abc"), str_contains_ignore_case("ab", "abc"));
+}
+
 }  // namespace esphome

tests/components/core/test_component_iterator.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "esphome/core/component_iterator.h"
+
+#ifdef USE_SENSOR
+#include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
+#include "esphome/core/application.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace esphome::testing {
+
+// Iterator whose begin/end callbacks can refuse a configurable number of
+// times; all entity callbacks accept (any registered entities are accepted).
+class RefusingIterator : public ComponentIterator {
+ public:
+// NOLINTBEGIN(bugprone-macro-parentheses)
+#define ENTITY_TYPE_(type, singular, plural, count, upper) \
+  bool on_##singular(type *obj) override { return true; }
+#define ENTITY_CONTROLLER_TYPE_(type, singular, plural, count, upper, callback) \
+  ENTITY_TYPE_(type, singular, plural, count, upper)
+#include "esphome/core/entity_types.h"
+#undef ENTITY_TYPE_
+#undef ENTITY_CONTROLLER_TYPE_
+  // NOLINTEND(bugprone-macro-parentheses)
+
+  bool on_begin() override { return step(this->begin_calls, this->begin_refusals); }
+  bool on_end() override { return step(this->end_calls, this->end_refusals); }
+
+  int begin_calls{0};
+  int end_calls{0};
+  int begin_refusals{0};
+  int end_refusals{0};
+
+ protected:
+  static bool step(int &calls, int &refusals) {
+    calls++;
+    if (refusals > 0) {
+      refusals--;
+      return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+};
+
+// Far above the fixed number of iterator states
+static constexpr size_t BIG_BUDGET = 1000;
+
+TEST(ComponentIterator, NotRunningMakesNoProgress) {
+  RefusingIterator it;
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(it.completed());
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.begin_calls, 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.end_calls, 0);
+}
+
+TEST(ComponentIterator, CompletesInOneCallWithoutRefusals) {
+  RefusingIterator it;
+  it.begin();
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(it.completed());
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.begin_calls, 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.end_calls, 1);
+}
+
+TEST(ComponentIterator, StepBudgetIsHonored) {
+  RefusingIterator it;
+  it.begin();
+  it.try_advance(1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.begin_calls, 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.end_calls, 0);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(it.completed());
+}
+
+TEST(ComponentIterator, RefusedStepStopsBatchAndRetriesSameStep) {
+  RefusingIterator it;
+  it.end_refusals = 3;
+  it.begin();
+  // First call runs until the refused end step, which stops the pass
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.end_calls, 1);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(it.completed());
+  // The refused step is retried once per call, not skipped
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.end_calls, 3);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(it.completed());
+  // Once accepted, the iteration completes
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(it.completed());
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.end_calls, 4);
+}
+
+TEST(ComponentIterator, RefusedBeginStopsBatchAndRetries) {
+  RefusingIterator it;
+  it.begin_refusals = 2;
+  it.begin();
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.begin_calls, 2);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(it.completed());
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(it.completed());
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.begin_calls, 3);
+}
+
+// The deprecated advance() wrapper must keep the legacy once-per-loop
+// pattern working during the deprecation window.
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
+TEST(ComponentIterator, DeprecatedAdvanceKeepsLegacyPatternWorking) {
+  RefusingIterator it;
+  it.end_refusals = 2;
+  it.begin();
+  size_t guard = 0;
+  while (!it.completed() && guard++ < BIG_BUDGET) {
+    it.advance();
+  }
+  EXPECT_TRUE(it.completed());
+  // Two refused end steps were retried, then accepted
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.end_calls, 3);
+}
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+
+#ifdef USE_SENSOR
+// Iterator whose sensor callback can refuse or yield; pins the per-item
+// contract: a refused item is re-offered with at_ unchanged, never skipped.
+class ItemRefusingIterator : public RefusingIterator {
+ public:
+  bool on_sensor(sensor::Sensor *obj) override {
+    this->last_sensor = obj;
+    if (!step(this->sensor_calls, this->sensor_refusals))
+      return false;
+    if (this->yield_on_sensor)
+      this->yield_after_step_();
+    return true;
+  }
+  sensor::Sensor *last_sensor{nullptr};
+  int sensor_calls{0};
+  int sensor_refusals{0};
+  bool yield_on_sensor{false};
+};
+
+class ComponentIteratorSensorTest : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  void SetUp() override {
+    static sensor::Sensor sensor_a;
+    static sensor::Sensor sensor_b;
+    static bool registered = false;
+    if (!registered) {
+      App.register_sensor(&sensor_a);
+      App.register_sensor(&sensor_b);
+      registered = true;
+    }
+    // StaticVector drops silently when full; fail the fixture, not the contract
+    ASSERT_EQ(App.get_sensors().size(), 2u) << "benchmark.yaml sensor count too small";
+  }
+};
+
+TEST_F(ComponentIteratorSensorTest, RefusedItemIsReofferedNotSkipped) {
+  ItemRefusingIterator it;
+  it.sensor_refusals = 2;
+  it.begin();
+  // Runs until the first sensor refuses
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.sensor_calls, 1);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(it.completed());
+  // The refused item is re-offered, not skipped
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.sensor_calls, 2);
+  sensor::Sensor *refused = it.last_sensor;
+  // Once accepted, iteration continues through the second sensor to the end
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(it.completed());
+  EXPECT_NE(it.last_sensor, refused);
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.sensor_calls, 4);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ComponentIteratorSensorTest, YieldAfterStepEndsPassAndResumes) {
+  ItemRefusingIterator it;
+  it.yield_on_sensor = true;
+  it.begin();
+  // The pass ends right after the first sensor despite a big budget
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.sensor_calls, 1);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(it.completed());
+  // The next pass ends after the second sensor
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_EQ(it.sensor_calls, 2);
+  // Remaining states then run to completion in one pass
+  it.try_advance(BIG_BUDGET);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(it.completed());
+}
+#endif  // USE_SENSOR
+
+}  // namespace esphome::testing

tests/components/core/test_helpers.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <cmath>
 #include <cstring>
 
+#include "esphome/core/alloc_helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
 namespace esphome::core::testing {
@@ -213,4 +215,137 @@ TEST(BufAppendSepStr, Truncation) {
   EXPECT_EQ(end - buf, 7);
 }
 
+// --- base64 encode/decode ---
+
+static const char BASE64_ALPHABET[] = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
+
+// Pack 6-bit indices 0..63 into 48 bytes so encoding yields the full alphabet in order
+TEST(Base64, EncodeProducesCanonicalAlphabet) {
+  uint8_t bytes[48];
+  size_t n = 0;
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 64; i += 4) {
+    bytes[n++] = (i << 2) | ((i + 1) >> 4);
+    bytes[n++] = ((i + 1) & 0x0F) << 4 | ((i + 2) >> 2);
+    bytes[n++] = ((i + 2) & 0x03) << 6 | (i + 3);
+  }
+  std::string encoded = base64_encode(bytes, sizeof(bytes));  // NOLINT(esphome-heap-allocation) - host test
+  EXPECT_EQ(encoded, BASE64_ALPHABET);
+}
+
+// Decode the alphabet then re-encode: locks the encode and decode mappings together
+TEST(Base64, DecodeCanonicalAlphabetRoundTrip) {
+  uint8_t buf[48];
+  size_t len = base64_decode(std::string(BASE64_ALPHABET), buf, sizeof(buf));
+  EXPECT_EQ(len, 48u);
+  std::string reencoded = base64_encode(buf, len);  // NOLINT(esphome-heap-allocation) - host test
+  EXPECT_EQ(reencoded, BASE64_ALPHABET);
+}
+
+TEST(Base64, DecodeBase64UrlMatchesStandard) {
+  std::string url = BASE64_ALPHABET;
+  for (char &c : url) {
+    if (c == '+')
+      c = '-';
+    if (c == '/')
+      c = '_';
+  }
+  uint8_t standard[48], urlsafe[48];
+  size_t len_standard = base64_decode(std::string(BASE64_ALPHABET), standard, sizeof(standard));
+  size_t len_url = base64_decode(url, urlsafe, sizeof(urlsafe));
+  EXPECT_EQ(len_standard, len_url);
+  EXPECT_EQ(memcmp(standard, urlsafe, len_standard), 0);
+}
+
+// RFC 4648 vectors cover both padding cases (len % 3 == 1 and len % 3 == 2)
+TEST(Base64, Rfc4648Vectors) {
+  const struct {
+    const char *plain;
+    const char *encoded;
+  } vectors[] = {
+      {"", ""},
+      {"f", "Zg=="},
+      {"fo", "Zm8="},
+      {"foo", "Zm9v"},
+      {"foob", "Zm9vYg=="},
+      {"fooba", "Zm9vYmE="},
+      {"foobar", "Zm9vYmFy"},
+  };
+  for (const auto &v : vectors) {
+    const auto *plain = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(v.plain);
+    std::string encoded = base64_encode(plain, strlen(v.plain));  // NOLINT(esphome-heap-allocation) - host test
+    EXPECT_EQ(encoded, v.encoded);
+    uint8_t buf[8];
+    size_t len = base64_decode(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(v.encoded), strlen(v.encoded), buf, sizeof(buf));
+    EXPECT_EQ(len, strlen(v.plain));
+    EXPECT_EQ(memcmp(buf, v.plain, len), 0);
+  }
+}
+
+// --- step_to_accuracy_decimals() ---
+
+TEST(StepToAccuracyDecimals, TypicalSteps) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.001f), 3);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.005f), 3);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.01f), 2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.025f), 3);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.05f), 2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.1f), 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.25f), 2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.5f), 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(1.5f), 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(2.5f), 1);
+}
+
+TEST(StepToAccuracyDecimals, WholeSteps) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(1.0f), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(2.0f), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(5.0f), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(10.0f), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(100.0f), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(1000.0f), 0);
+}
+
+TEST(StepToAccuracyDecimals, FiveSignificantDigits) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(1.23456f), 4);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(12.345f), 3);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(123.45f), 2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(1234.5f), 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(12345.0f), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.33333f), 5);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.0001f), 4);
+}
+
+TEST(StepToAccuracyDecimals, TrailingZerosDropped) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.3f), 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.7f), 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.125f), 3);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.0625f), 4);
+}
+
+TEST(StepToAccuracyDecimals, RoundsUpToWholeNumber) {
+  // Rounds to five significant digits first, so this becomes 10 with no decimals.
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(9.999999f), 0);
+}
+
+TEST(StepToAccuracyDecimals, OutsideFixedNotationRange) {
+  // %.5g would print these in exponent form; the count is now the real one rather than a parse of "1e-05".
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.00001f), 5);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.000125f), 6);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(123456.0f), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(1000000.0f), 0);
+}
+
+TEST(StepToAccuracyDecimals, SignIgnored) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(-0.1f), 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(-0.25f), 2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(-1.0f), 0);
+}
+
+TEST(StepToAccuracyDecimals, NonFiniteAndZero) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(0.0f), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(NAN), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(INFINITY), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(step_to_accuracy_decimals(-INFINITY), 0);
+}
+
 }  // namespace esphome::core::testing

tests/components/core/test_preference_contract.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+// Pins the preferences contract concepts so the surface they enforce cannot
+// drift unnoticed: a minimal conforming type must satisfy each concept, and a
+// type missing a method or returning the wrong type must not.
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "esphome/core/preference_backend.h"
+
+namespace esphome::core::testing {
+
+struct MinimalBackend {
+  bool save(const uint8_t *, size_t) { return true; }
+  bool load(uint8_t *, size_t) { return true; }
+};
+static_assert(PreferenceBackendContract<MinimalBackend>);
+
+struct BackendMissingLoad {
+  bool save(const uint8_t *, size_t) { return true; }
+};
+static_assert(!PreferenceBackendContract<BackendMissingLoad>);
+
+struct BackendWrongReturn {
+  void save(const uint8_t *, size_t) {}
+  bool load(uint8_t *, size_t) { return true; }
+};
+static_assert(!PreferenceBackendContract<BackendWrongReturn>);
+
+struct MinimalPreferences : public PreferencesMixin<MinimalPreferences> {
+  using PreferencesMixin<MinimalPreferences>::make_preference;
+  ESPPreferenceObject make_preference(size_t, uint32_t, bool) { return {}; }
+  ESPPreferenceObject make_preference(size_t, uint32_t) { return {}; }
+  bool sync() { return true; }
+  bool reset() { return true; }
+};
+static_assert(PreferencesContract<MinimalPreferences>);
+
+struct PreferencesMissingTwoArgForm : public PreferencesMixin<PreferencesMissingTwoArgForm> {
+  using PreferencesMixin<PreferencesMissingTwoArgForm>::make_preference;
+  ESPPreferenceObject make_preference(size_t, uint32_t, bool) { return {}; }
+  bool sync() { return true; }
+  bool reset() { return true; }
+};
+static_assert(!PreferencesContract<PreferencesMissingTwoArgForm>);
+
+struct PreferencesMissingReset : public PreferencesMixin<PreferencesMissingReset> {
+  using PreferencesMixin<PreferencesMissingReset>::make_preference;
+  ESPPreferenceObject make_preference(size_t, uint32_t, bool) { return {}; }
+  ESPPreferenceObject make_preference(size_t, uint32_t) { return {}; }
+  bool sync() { return true; }
+};
+static_assert(!PreferencesContract<PreferencesMissingReset>);
+
+struct PreferencesWrongSyncReturn : public PreferencesMixin<PreferencesWrongSyncReturn> {
+  using PreferencesMixin<PreferencesWrongSyncReturn>::make_preference;
+  ESPPreferenceObject make_preference(size_t, uint32_t, bool) { return {}; }
+  ESPPreferenceObject make_preference(size_t, uint32_t) { return {}; }
+  void sync() {}
+  bool reset() { return true; }
+};
+static_assert(!PreferencesContract<PreferencesWrongSyncReturn>);
+
+// Forgot `using PreferencesMixin<X>::make_preference;`, so the derived
+// overloads hide the template forms (see the PreferencesContract note in
+// preference_backend.h); the concept must reject the class.
+struct PreferencesForgotUsingDeclaration : public PreferencesMixin<PreferencesForgotUsingDeclaration> {
+  ESPPreferenceObject make_preference(size_t, uint32_t, bool) { return {}; }
+  ESPPreferenceObject make_preference(size_t, uint32_t) { return {}; }
+  bool sync() { return true; }
+  bool reset() { return true; }
+};
+static_assert(!PreferencesContract<PreferencesForgotUsingDeclaration>);
+
+struct MinimalKeyLookup {
+  bool load_from_key(uint32_t, uint8_t *, size_t) { return true; }
+};
+static_assert(PreferencesKeyLookupContract<MinimalKeyLookup>);
+
+struct KeyLookupMissingMethod {};
+static_assert(!PreferencesKeyLookupContract<KeyLookupMissingMethod>);
+
+TEST(PreferenceContract, NullBackendRefusesBothOperations) {
+  // ESPPreferenceObject forwards to whichever backend the platform binds; a
+  // default-constructed object has no backend and must refuse both operations
+  // instead of crashing.
+  ESPPreferenceObject without_backend;
+  uint32_t value = 42;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(without_backend.save(&value));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(without_backend.load(&value));
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::core::testing

tests/components/d01/common.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+sensor:
+  - platform: d01
+    name: D01 PM2.5 Concentration

tests/components/d01/test.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+substitutions:
+  tx_pin: GPIO4
+  rx_pin: GPIO5
+
+packages:
+  uart: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart/esp32-idf.yaml
+  d01: !include common.yaml

tests/components/d01/test.esp8266-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+substitutions:
+  tx_pin: GPIO0
+  rx_pin: GPIO2
+
+packages:
+  uart: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart/esp8266-ard.yaml
+  d01: !include common.yaml

tests/components/d01/test.rp2040-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+substitutions:
+  tx_pin: GPIO4
+  rx_pin: GPIO5
+
+packages:
+  uart: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart/rp2040-ard.yaml
+  d01: !include common.yaml

tests/components/ds1603l/common.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+sensor:
+  - platform: ds1603l
+    name: ds1603l Distance

tests/components/ds1603l/test.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+substitutions:
+  tx_pin: GPIO1
+  rx_pin: GPIO3
+
+packages:
+  uart: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart/esp32-idf.yaml
+  ds1603l: !include common.yaml

tests/components/ds1603l/test.esp8266-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+substitutions:
+  tx_pin: GPIO0
+  rx_pin: GPIO2
+
+packages:
+  uart: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart/esp8266-ard.yaml
+  ds1603l: !include common.yaml

tests/components/e131/common-ard.yaml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ light:
     id: led_matrix_32x8
     default_transition_length: 500ms
     chipset: ws2812
-    rgb_order: GRB
+    channel_colors: GRB
     num_leds: 256
     pin: ${pin}
     effects:

tests/components/e131/common-idf.yaml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ light:
     id: led_matrix_32x8
     default_transition_length: 500ms
     chipset: ws2812
-    rgb_order: GRB
+    channel_colors: GRB
     num_leds: 256
     pin: ${pin}
     effects:

tests/components/e131/test.rp2040-ard.yaml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ light:
     pin: 2
     pio: 0
     num_leds: 256
-    rgb_order: GRB
+    channel_colors: GRB
     chipset: WS2812
     effects:
       - e131:

tests/components/emontx/test.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
 packages:
   uart_115200: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart_115200/esp32-idf.yaml
-
-<<: !include common.yaml
+  emontx: !include common.yaml

tests/components/emontx/test.esp8266-ard.yaml

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
 packages:
   uart_115200: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart_115200/esp8266-ard.yaml
-
-<<: !include common.yaml
+  emontx: !include common.yaml

tests/components/emontx/test.rp2040-ard.yaml

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
 packages:
   uart_115200: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart_115200/rp2040-ard.yaml
-
-<<: !include common.yaml
+  emontx: !include common.yaml

tests/components/emontx/validate.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+packages:
+  uart_115200: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart_115200/esp32-idf.yaml
+  emontx: !include common.yaml
+
+# Validate that each sensor type gets the correct default state_class,
+# unit_of_measurement, device_class, and accuracy_decimals when NO overrides
+# are provided. The values are intentionally omitted so apply_tag_defaults is
+# exercised, not the user-override path.
+
+sensor:
+  # Energy sensor (E prefix): expects state_class=total_increasing, unit=Wh,
+  # device_class=energy, accuracy_decimals=0
+  - platform: emontx
+    tag_name: E1
+    name: Energy 1
+    emontx_id: test_emontx
+
+  # Power sensor (P prefix): expects state_class=measurement, unit=W,
+  # device_class=power, accuracy_decimals=0
+  - platform: emontx
+    tag_name: P1
+    name: Power 1
+    emontx_id: test_emontx
+
+  # Voltage sensor (V prefix): expects state_class=measurement, unit=V,
+  # device_class=voltage, accuracy_decimals=2
+  - platform: emontx
+    tag_name: V1
+    name: Voltage 1
+    emontx_id: test_emontx
+
+  # Current sensor (I prefix): expects state_class=measurement, unit=A,
+  # device_class=current, accuracy_decimals=2
+  - platform: emontx
+    tag_name: I1
+    name: Current 1
+    emontx_id: test_emontx
+
+  # Temperature sensor (T prefix): expects state_class=measurement, unit=°C,
+  # device_class=temperature, accuracy_decimals=2
+  - platform: emontx
+    tag_name: T1
+    name: Temperature 1
+    emontx_id: test_emontx
+
+  # Pulse sensor (PULSE pattern): expects state_class=total_increasing,
+  # unit=pulses, device_class=energy, accuracy_decimals=0
+  - platform: emontx
+    tag_name: PULSE1
+    name: Pulse 1
+    emontx_id: test_emontx
+
+  # Power factor sensor (PF pattern): expects state_class=measurement,
+  # device_class=power_factor, accuracy_decimals=2
+  - platform: emontx
+    tag_name: PF1
+    name: Power Factor 1
+    emontx_id: test_emontx
+
+  # Apparent power sensor (AP pattern): expects state_class=measurement,
+  # unit=VA, device_class=apparent_power, accuracy_decimals=2
+  - platform: emontx
+    tag_name: AP1
+    name: Apparent Power 1
+    emontx_id: test_emontx
+
+  # Frequency sensor (F, matched exactly, not as a prefix): expects
+  # state_class=measurement, unit=Hz, device_class=frequency,
+  # accuracy_decimals=2
+  - platform: emontx
+    tag_name: F
+    name: Frequency
+    emontx_id: test_emontx
+
+  # Unknown tag: no prefix match, falls back to state_class=measurement,
+  # accuracy_decimals=0
+  - platform: emontx
+    tag_name: CUSTOM1
+    name: Custom sensor
+    emontx_id: test_emontx
+
+  # User override: verify that explicit values are respected and not clobbered
+  - platform: emontx
+    tag_name: E2
+    name: Energy 2 (user override)
+    emontx_id: test_emontx
+    state_class: measurement
+    accuracy_decimals: 3

tests/components/epaper_spi/test.esp32-s3-idf.yaml

@@ -255,3 +255,45 @@ display:
       it.filled_rectangle(0, 0, it.get_width(), it.get_height(), Color::WHITE);
       it.circle(it.get_width() / 2, it.get_height() / 2, 100, Color::BLACK);
       it.circle(it.get_width() / 2, it.get_height() / 2, 60, Color(255, 0, 0));
+
+  # Waveshare 7.5" V2 mono (800x480, UC8179 controller, EPD_7in5_V2)
+  # full_update_every > 1 exercises the fast/partial refresh paths
+  - platform: epaper_spi
+    spi_id: spi_bus
+    model: waveshare-7.5in-v2
+    full_update_every: 4
+    cs_pin:
+      allow_other_uses: true
+      number: GPIO5
+    dc_pin:
+      allow_other_uses: true
+      number: GPIO17
+    reset_pin:
+      allow_other_uses: true
+      number: GPIO16
+    busy_pin:
+      allow_other_uses: true
+      number: GPIO4
+      inverted: true
+    lambda: |-
+      it.filled_rectangle(0, 0, it.get_width(), it.get_height(), Color::WHITE);
+      it.circle(it.get_width() / 2, it.get_height() / 2, 100, Color::BLACK);
+
+  # Seeed reTerminal E1001 - 7.5" mono e-paper (800x480, UC8179)
+  # Pins overridden to avoid conflicts with the E1002 defaults above
+  - platform: epaper_spi
+    spi_id: spi_bus
+    model: seeed-reterminal-e1001
+    cs_pin:
+      allow_other_uses: true
+      number: GPIO5
+    dc_pin:
+      allow_other_uses: true
+      number: GPIO17
+    reset_pin:
+      allow_other_uses: true
+      number: GPIO16
+    busy_pin:
+      allow_other_uses: true
+      number: GPIO4
+      inverted: true

tests/components/esp32/test.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ esp32:
       enable_lwip_mdns_queries: true
       enable_lwip_bridge_interface: true
       disable_libc_locks_in_iram: false  # Test explicit opt-out of RAM optimization
-      use_full_certificate_bundle: false  # Test CMN bundle (default)
+      use_full_certificate_bundle: false  # Bundle stays off without a component that needs it
       include_builtin_idf_components:
         - freertos  # Test escape hatch (freertos is always included anyway)
       enable_full_printf: false

tests/components/esp32_hosted/test-embedded.esp32-p4-idf.yaml

@@ -6,3 +6,6 @@ update:
     type: embedded
     path: $component_dir/test_firmware.bin
     sha256: de2f256064a0af797747c2b97505dc0b9f3df0de4f489eac731c23ae9ca9cc31
+    on_update_available:
+      then:
+        - logger.log: "Coprocessor update available"

tests/components/esp32_hosted/test-http.esp32-p4-idf.yaml

@@ -8,3 +8,6 @@ update:
     type: http
     source: https://esphome.github.io/esp-hosted-firmware/manifest/esp32c6.json
     update_interval: 6h
+    on_update_available:
+      then:
+        - logger.log: "Coprocessor update available"

tests/components/esp32_rmt_led_strip/common.yaml

@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@ light:
     id: led_strip1
     pin: ${pin1}
     num_leds: 60
-    rgb_order: GRB
+    channel_colors: GRB
     chipset: ws2812
   - platform: esp32_rmt_led_strip
     id: led_strip2
     pin: ${pin2}
     num_leds: 60
-    rgbw_order: RWGB
+    channel_colors: RWGB
     bit0_high: 100us
     bit0_low: 100us
     bit1_high: 100us

tests/components/esp32_rmt_led_strip/test.esp32-s3-idf.yaml

@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ light:
     id: led_strip1
     pin: ${pin1}
     num_leds: 60
-    rgb_order: GRB
+    channel_colors: GRB
     chipset: ws2812
     use_dma: "true"
   - platform: esp32_rmt_led_strip
     id: led_strip2
     pin: ${pin2}
     num_leds: 60
-    rgb_order: RGB
+    channel_colors: RGB
     bit0_high: 100us
     bit0_low: 100us
     bit1_high: 100us

tests/components/esp32_rmt_led_strip/validate-legacy.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# The deprecated rgb_order / is_rgbw / is_wrgb keys, kept working until 2027.3.0.
+# Config-only: each strip below must migrate to the channel_colors shown in the comment.
+light:
+  - platform: esp32_rmt_led_strip
+    id: legacy_rgb
+    pin: GPIO13
+    num_leds: 60
+    chipset: ws2812
+    rgb_order: GRB # -> GRB
+  - platform: esp32_rmt_led_strip
+    id: legacy_rgbw
+    pin: GPIO14
+    num_leds: 60
+    chipset: sk6812
+    rgb_order: GRB
+    is_rgbw: true # -> GRBW
+  - platform: esp32_rmt_led_strip
+    id: legacy_wrgb
+    pin: GPIO15
+    num_leds: 60
+    chipset: sk6812
+    rgb_order: GRB
+    is_wrgb: true # -> WGRB

tests/components/ethernet/common-ch390.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+ethernet:
+  type: CH390
+  clk_pin: 19
+  mosi_pin: 21
+  miso_pin: 23
+  cs_pin: 18
+  interrupt_pin: 36
+  reset_pin: 22
+  clock_speed: 10Mhz
+  manual_ip:
+    static_ip: 192.168.178.56
+    gateway: 192.168.178.1
+    subnet: 255.255.255.0
+  domain: .local
+  mac_address: "02:AA:BB:CC:DD:01"
+  on_connect:
+    - logger.log: "Ethernet connected!"
+  on_disconnect:
+    - logger.log: "Ethernet disconnected!"

tests/components/ethernet/common-w5500-spi-id.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+ethernet:
+  type: W5500
+  spi_id: spi_bus
+  cs_pin: 5
+  interrupt_pin: 36
+  reset_pin: 22
+  clock_speed: 10Mhz
+  manual_ip:
+    static_ip: 192.168.178.56
+    gateway: 192.168.178.1
+    subnet: 255.255.255.0
+  domain: .local
+  mac_address: "02:AA:BB:CC:DD:01"
+  on_connect:
+    - logger.log: "Ethernet connected!"
+  on_disconnect:
+    - logger.log: "Ethernet disconnected!"

tests/components/ethernet/test-ch390.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<<: !include common-ch390.yaml

tests/components/ethernet/test-w5500-spi-id.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+packages:
+  spi: !include ../../test_build_components/common/spi/esp32-idf.yaml
+  ethernet: !include common-w5500-spi-id.yaml

tests/components/exposure_notifications/common-ln.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+exposure_notifications:
+  on_exposure_notification:
+    then:
+      - lambda: |
+          ESP_LOGD("main", "RSSI: %d", x.rssi);

tests/components/exposure_notifications/common.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 esp32_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_tracker_hub
 
 exposure_notifications:
   on_exposure_notification:
+    # Explicit ble_hub_id: pins the neutral binding as a declared key.
+    ble_hub_id: ble_tracker_hub
     then:
       - lambda: |
           ESP_LOGD("main", "Got notification:");

tests/components/exposure_notifications/test.ln882x-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+packages:
+  ln882h_ble_tracker: !include ../ln882h_ble_tracker/common.yaml
+  exposure_notifications: !include common-ln.yaml

tests/components/exposure_notifications/validate.bk72xx-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Config-only: the CI base board (generic-bk7252, BLE 4.2) cannot compile the
+# BLE 5.x tracker, so this fixture proves validation (schema + neutral binding)
+# on a non-esp32 platform; codegen and compilation are not exercised here.
+bk72xx_ble_tracker:
+  id: ble_tracker_hub
+
+exposure_notifications:
+  on_exposure_notification:
+    # Explicit ble_hub_id: pins the neutral binding as a declared key.
+    ble_hub_id: ble_tracker_hub
+    then:
+      - lambda: |
+          ESP_LOGD("main", "Got notification:");
+          ESP_LOGD("main", "  RPI: %s", format_hex(x.rolling_proximity_identifier).c_str());
+          ESP_LOGD("main", "  RSSI: %d", x.rssi);

tests/components/hoermann_hcp/binary_sensor/hoermann_hcp_binary_sensor_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "esphome/components/hoermann_hcp/binary_sensor/hoermann_hcp_binary_sensor.h"
+
+#include "../common.h"
+
+namespace esphome::hoermann_hcp::testing {
+
+// Nothing has been heard from the bus controller yet, so the sensor starts out seeded as disconnected.
+TEST(HoermannHcpBinarySensorTest, StartsDisconnected) {
+  HoermannHcp door;
+  HoermannHcpConnectedBinarySensor sensor(&door);
+  sensor.setup();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(sensor.has_state());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(sensor.state);
+}
+
+// The connection flag follows the bus controller in both directions.
+TEST(HoermannHcpBinarySensorTest, FollowsTheConnectionState) {
+  TestableHoermannHcp door;
+  HoermannHcpConnectedBinarySensor sensor(&door);
+  sensor.setup();
+  ASSERT_FALSE(sensor.state);
+
+  connect_controller(door);
+  door.update();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(sensor.state);
+
+  door.set_valid_(false);
+  door.update();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(sensor.state);
+}
+
+// Any hub change re-runs the publish path, so an unchanged connection must not be reported twice.
+TEST(HoermannHcpBinarySensorTest, UnchangedConnectionIsPublishedOnce) {
+  HoermannHcp door;
+  HoermannHcpConnectedBinarySensor sensor(&door);
+  sensor.setup();
+  int publishes = 0;
+  sensor.add_on_state_callback([&publishes](bool /*state*/) { publishes++; });
+
+  connect_controller(door);
+  door.update();
+  ASSERT_EQ(publishes, 1);
+
+  // A status broadcast changes the door state without touching the connection.
+  door.on_write_registers(BROADCAST_REG, make_registers({0x0000, 0x0064, 0x0100}));
+  door.update();
+  EXPECT_EQ(publishes, 1);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::hoermann_hcp::testing

tests/components/hoermann_hcp/button/hoermann_hcp_button_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "esphome/components/hoermann_hcp/button/hoermann_hcp_button.h"
+
+#include "../common.h"
+
+namespace esphome::hoermann_hcp::testing {
+
+// The intermediate positions are named in the second register, which repeats that name on release.
+TEST(HoermannHcpButtonTest, VentButtonSendsTheVentCommand) {
+  TestableHoermannHcp door;
+  HoermannHcpVentButton vent(&door);
+  connect_controller(door);
+
+  vent.press();
+
+  auto [pressed, pressed_2] = poll_command(door);
+  EXPECT_EQ(pressed, 0x0200);
+  EXPECT_EQ(pressed_2, 0x4000);
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(KEY_PRESS_ELAPSED);
+  auto [released, released_2] = poll_command(door);
+  EXPECT_EQ(released, 0x0100);
+  EXPECT_EQ(released_2, 0x4000);
+}
+
+TEST(HoermannHcpButtonTest, HalfOpenButtonSendsTheHalfOpenCommand) {
+  TestableHoermannHcp door;
+  HoermannHcpHalfOpenButton half_open(&door);
+  connect_controller(door);
+
+  half_open.press();
+
+  auto [pressed, pressed_2] = poll_command(door);
+  EXPECT_EQ(pressed, 0x0200);
+  EXPECT_EQ(pressed_2, 0x0400);
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(KEY_PRESS_ELAPSED);
+  auto [released, released_2] = poll_command(door);
+  EXPECT_EQ(released, 0x0100);
+  EXPECT_EQ(released_2, 0x0400);
+}
+
+// The door drives to the vent position on its own, so a position the cover was still travelling to must not
+// stop it on the way there.
+TEST(HoermannHcpButtonTest, VentAbandonsAnArmedTarget) {
+  TestableHoermannHcp door;  // starts out fully closed
+  HoermannHcpVentButton vent(&door);
+  connect_controller(door);
+  door.set_position(0.5f);
+  consume_command(door);
+  door.on_write_registers(BROADCAST_REG, make_registers({0x0000, 0x0014, 0x0100}));
+  ASSERT_EQ(door.get_door_state(), DoorState::OPENING);
+
+  vent.press();
+  consume_command(door);
+
+  // Position 120/200 = 0.6 is past the abandoned target, which must no longer stop the door.
+  door.on_write_registers(BROADCAST_REG, make_registers({0x0000, 0x0078, 0x0100}));
+  EXPECT_EQ(poll_command(door).first, 0x0000);
+}
+
+// A button carries no state, so a refused press is simply dropped rather than fired once the controller
+// turns up, which could be much later.
+TEST(HoermannHcpButtonTest, PressWithoutABusControllerSendsNothing) {
+  HoermannHcp door;  // never contacted by a bus controller
+  HoermannHcpVentButton vent(&door);
+
+  vent.press();
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(poll_command(door).first, 0x0000);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::hoermann_hcp::testing