Files
esphome/esphome/components/modbus_controller/modbus_controller.h
2026-06-21 13:32:35 -05:00

394 lines
18 KiB
C++

#pragma once
#include "esphome/core/component.h"
#include "esphome/components/modbus/modbus.h"
#include "esphome/components/modbus/modbus_helpers.h"
#include "esphome/core/automation.h"
#include <list>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
namespace esphome::modbus_controller {
class ModbusController;
using modbus::ModbusFunctionCode;
using modbus::ModbusRegisterType;
using modbus::ModbusExceptionCode;
using modbus::helpers::SensorValueType;
// Remove before 2026.10.0 — these helpers have moved to modbus::helpers
ESPDEPRECATED("Use modbus::helpers::value_type_is_float() instead. Removed in 2026.10.0", "2026.4.0")
inline bool value_type_is_float(SensorValueType v) { return modbus::helpers::value_type_is_float(v); }
ESPDEPRECATED("Use modbus::helpers::modbus_register_read_function() instead. Removed in 2026.10.0", "2026.4.0")
inline ModbusFunctionCode modbus_register_read_function(ModbusRegisterType reg_type) {
return modbus::helpers::modbus_register_read_function(reg_type);
}
ESPDEPRECATED("Use modbus::helpers::modbus_register_write_function() instead. Removed in 2026.10.0", "2026.4.0")
inline ModbusFunctionCode modbus_register_write_function(ModbusRegisterType reg_type) {
return modbus::helpers::modbus_register_write_function(reg_type);
}
ESPDEPRECATED("Use modbus::helpers::c_to_hex() instead. Removed in 2026.10.0", "2026.4.0")
inline uint8_t c_to_hex(char c) { return modbus::helpers::c_to_hex(c); }
ESPDEPRECATED("Use modbus::helpers::byte_from_hex_str() instead. Removed in 2026.10.0", "2026.4.0")
inline uint8_t byte_from_hex_str(const std::string &value, uint8_t pos) {
return modbus::helpers::byte_from_hex_str(value, pos);
}
ESPDEPRECATED("Use modbus::helpers::word_from_hex_str() instead. Removed in 2026.10.0", "2026.4.0")
inline uint16_t word_from_hex_str(const std::string &value, uint8_t pos) {
return modbus::helpers::word_from_hex_str(value, pos);
}
ESPDEPRECATED("Use modbus::helpers::dword_from_hex_str() instead. Removed in 2026.10.0", "2026.4.0")
inline uint32_t dword_from_hex_str(const std::string &value, uint8_t pos) {
return modbus::helpers::dword_from_hex_str(value, pos);
}
ESPDEPRECATED("Use modbus::helpers::qword_from_hex_str() instead. Removed in 2026.10.0", "2026.4.0")
inline uint64_t qword_from_hex_str(const std::string &value, uint8_t pos) {
return modbus::helpers::qword_from_hex_str(value, pos);
}
template<typename T>
ESPDEPRECATED("Use modbus::helpers::get_data() instead. Removed in 2026.10.0", "2026.4.0")
T get_data(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data, size_t buffer_offset) {
return modbus::helpers::get_data<T>(data, buffer_offset);
}
ESPDEPRECATED("Use modbus::helpers::coil_from_vector() instead. Removed in 2026.10.0", "2026.4.0")
inline bool coil_from_vector(int coil, const std::vector<uint8_t> &data) {
return modbus::helpers::coil_from_vector(coil, data);
}
template<typename N>
ESPDEPRECATED("Use modbus::helpers::mask_and_shift_by_rightbit() instead. Removed in 2026.10.0", "2026.4.0")
N mask_and_shift_by_rightbit(N data, uint32_t mask) {
return modbus::helpers::mask_and_shift_by_rightbit(data, mask);
}
ESPDEPRECATED("Use modbus::helpers::number_to_payload() instead. Removed in 2026.10.0", "2026.4.0")
inline void number_to_payload(std::vector<uint16_t> &data, int64_t value, SensorValueType value_type) {
modbus::helpers::number_to_payload(data, value, value_type);
}
ESPDEPRECATED("Use modbus::helpers::payload_to_number() instead. Removed in 2026.10.0", "2026.4.0")
inline int64_t payload_to_number(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data, SensorValueType sensor_value_type, uint8_t offset,
uint32_t bitmask) {
return modbus::helpers::payload_to_number(data, sensor_value_type, offset, bitmask);
}
ESPDEPRECATED("Use modbus::helpers::float_to_payload() instead. Removed in 2026.10.0", "2026.4.0")
inline std::vector<uint16_t> float_to_payload(float value, SensorValueType value_type) {
return modbus::helpers::float_to_payload(value, value_type);
}
class ModbusController;
class SensorItem {
public:
virtual void parse_and_publish(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data) = 0;
void set_custom_data(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data) { custom_data = data; }
size_t virtual get_register_size() const {
if (register_type == ModbusRegisterType::COIL || register_type == ModbusRegisterType::DISCRETE_INPUT) {
return 1;
} else { // if CONF_RESPONSE_BYTES is used override the default
return response_bytes > 0 ? response_bytes : register_count * 2;
}
}
// Override register size for modbus devices not using 1 register for one dword
void set_register_size(uint8_t register_size) { response_bytes = register_size; }
ModbusRegisterType register_type{ModbusRegisterType::CUSTOM};
SensorValueType sensor_value_type{SensorValueType::RAW};
uint16_t start_address{0};
uint32_t bitmask{0};
uint8_t offset{0};
uint8_t register_count{0};
uint8_t response_bytes{0};
uint16_t skip_updates{0};
std::vector<uint8_t> custom_data{};
bool force_new_range{false};
};
// ModbusController::create_register_ranges_ tries to optimize register range
// for this the sensors must be ordered by register_type, start_address and bitmask
class SensorItemsComparator {
public:
bool operator()(const SensorItem *lhs, const SensorItem *rhs) const {
// first sort according to register type
if (lhs->register_type != rhs->register_type) {
return lhs->register_type < rhs->register_type;
}
// ensure that sensor with force_new_range set are before the others
if (lhs->force_new_range != rhs->force_new_range) {
return lhs->force_new_range > rhs->force_new_range;
}
// sort by start address
if (lhs->start_address != rhs->start_address) {
return lhs->start_address < rhs->start_address;
}
// sort by offset (ensures update of sensors in ascending order)
if (lhs->offset != rhs->offset) {
return lhs->offset < rhs->offset;
}
// The pointer to the sensor is used last to ensure that
// multiple sensors with the same values can be added with a stable sort order.
return lhs < rhs;
}
};
using SensorSet = std::set<SensorItem *, SensorItemsComparator>;
struct RegisterRange {
uint16_t start_address;
ModbusRegisterType register_type;
uint8_t register_count;
uint16_t skip_updates; // the config value
SensorSet sensors; // all sensors of this range
uint16_t skip_updates_counter; // the running value
};
class ModbusCommandItem {
public:
static const size_t MAX_PAYLOAD_BYTES = 240;
ModbusController *modbusdevice{nullptr};
uint16_t register_address{0};
uint16_t register_count{0};
ModbusFunctionCode function_code{ModbusFunctionCode::CUSTOM};
ModbusRegisterType register_type{ModbusRegisterType::CUSTOM};
std::function<void(ModbusRegisterType register_type, uint16_t start_address, const std::vector<uint8_t> &data)>
on_data_func;
std::vector<uint8_t> payload = {};
bool send();
/// Check if the command should be retried based on the max_retries parameter
bool should_retry(uint8_t max_retries) { return this->send_count_ <= max_retries; };
/// factory methods
/** Create modbus read command
* Function code 02-04
* @param modbusdevice pointer to the device to execute the command
* @param function_code modbus function code for the read command
* @param start_address modbus address of the first register to read
* @param register_count number of registers to read
* @param handler function called when the response is received
* @return ModbusCommandItem with the prepared command
*/
static ModbusCommandItem create_read_command(
ModbusController *modbusdevice, ModbusRegisterType register_type, uint16_t start_address, uint16_t register_count,
std::function<void(ModbusRegisterType register_type, uint16_t start_address, const std::vector<uint8_t> &data)>
&&handler);
/** Create modbus read command
* Function code 02-04
* @param modbusdevice pointer to the device to execute the command
* @param function_code modbus function code for the read command
* @param start_address modbus address of the first register to read
* @param register_count number of registers to read
* @return ModbusCommandItem with the prepared command
*/
static ModbusCommandItem create_read_command(ModbusController *modbusdevice, ModbusRegisterType register_type,
uint16_t start_address, uint16_t register_count);
/** Create modbus read command
* Function code 02-04
* @param modbusdevice pointer to the device to execute the command
* @param function_code modbus function code for the read command
* @param start_address modbus address of the first register to read
* @param register_count number of registers to read
* @param handler function called when the response is received
* @return ModbusCommandItem with the prepared command
*/
static ModbusCommandItem create_write_multiple_command(ModbusController *modbusdevice, uint16_t start_address,
uint16_t register_count, const std::vector<uint16_t> &values);
/** Create modbus write multiple registers command
* Function 16 (10hex) Write Multiple Registers
* @param modbusdevice pointer to the device to execute the command
* @param start_address modbus address of the first register to read
* @param register_count number of registers to read
* @param value uint16_t single register value to write
* @return ModbusCommandItem with the prepared command
*/
static ModbusCommandItem create_write_single_command(ModbusController *modbusdevice, uint16_t start_address,
uint16_t value);
/** Create modbus write single registers command
* Function 05 (05hex) Write Single Coil
* @param modbusdevice pointer to the device to execute the command
* @param start_address modbus address of the first register to read
* @param value uint16_t data to be written to the registers
* @return ModbusCommandItem with the prepared command
*/
static ModbusCommandItem create_write_single_coil(ModbusController *modbusdevice, uint16_t address, bool value);
/** Create modbus write multiple registers command
* Function 15 (0Fhex) Write Multiple Coils
* @param modbusdevice pointer to the device to execute the command
* @param start_address modbus address of the first register to read
* @param value bool vector of values to be written to the registers
* @return ModbusCommandItem with the prepared command
*/
static ModbusCommandItem create_write_multiple_coils(ModbusController *modbusdevice, uint16_t start_address,
const std::vector<bool> &values);
/** Create custom modbus command
* @param modbusdevice pointer to the device to execute the command
* @param values byte vector of data to be sent to the device. The complete payload must be provided with the
* exception of the crc codes
* @param handler function called when the response is received. Default is just logging a response
* @return ModbusCommandItem with the prepared command
*/
static ModbusCommandItem create_custom_command(
ModbusController *modbusdevice, const std::vector<uint8_t> &values,
std::function<void(ModbusRegisterType register_type, uint16_t start_address, const std::vector<uint8_t> &data)>
&&handler = nullptr);
/** Create custom modbus command
* @param modbusdevice pointer to the device to execute the command
* @param values word vector of data to be sent to the device. The complete payload must be provided with the
* exception of the crc codes
* @param handler function called when the response is received. Default is just logging a response
* @return ModbusCommandItem with the prepared command
*/
static ModbusCommandItem create_custom_command(
ModbusController *modbusdevice, const std::vector<uint16_t> &values,
std::function<void(ModbusRegisterType register_type, uint16_t start_address, const std::vector<uint8_t> &data)>
&&handler = nullptr);
bool is_equal(const ModbusCommandItem &other);
protected:
// wrong commands (esp. custom commands) can block the send queue, limit the number of repeats.
/// How many times this command has been sent
uint8_t send_count_{0};
};
/** Modbus controller class.
* Each instance handles the modbus commuinication for all sensors with the same modbus address
*
* all sensor items (sensors, switches, binarysensor ...) are parsed in modbus address ranges.
* when esphome calls ModbusController::Update the commands for each range are created and sent
* Responses for the commands are dispatched to the modbus sensor items.
*/
class ModbusController : public PollingComponent, public modbus::ModbusClientDevice {
public:
void dump_config() override;
void loop() override;
void setup() override;
void update() override;
/// queues a modbus command in the send queue
void queue_command(const ModbusCommandItem &command);
/// Registers a sensor with the controller. Called by esphomes code generator
void add_sensor_item(SensorItem *item) { sensorset_.insert(item); }
/// called when a modbus response was parsed without errors
void on_modbus_data(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data) override;
/// called when a modbus error response was received
void on_modbus_error(uint8_t function_code, uint8_t exception_code) override;
/// default delegate called by process_modbus_data when a response has retrieved from the incoming queue
void on_register_data(ModbusRegisterType register_type, uint16_t start_address, const std::vector<uint8_t> &data);
/// default delegate called by process_modbus_data when a response for a write response has retrieved from the
/// incoming queue
void on_write_register_response(ModbusRegisterType register_type, uint16_t start_address,
const std::vector<uint8_t> &data);
/// Allow a duplicate command to be sent
void set_allow_duplicate_commands(bool allow_duplicate_commands) {
this->allow_duplicate_commands_ = allow_duplicate_commands;
}
/// get if a duplicate command can be sent
bool get_allow_duplicate_commands() { return this->allow_duplicate_commands_; }
/// called by esphome generated code to set the command_throttle period
void set_command_throttle(uint16_t command_throttle) { this->command_throttle_ = command_throttle; }
/// called by esphome generated code to set the offline_skip_updates
void set_offline_skip_updates(uint16_t offline_skip_updates) { this->offline_skip_updates_ = offline_skip_updates; }
/// get the number of queued modbus commands (should be mostly empty)
size_t get_command_queue_length() { return command_queue_.size(); }
/// get if the module is offline, didn't respond the last command
bool get_module_offline() { return module_offline_; }
/// Set callback for commands
template<typename F> void add_on_command_sent_callback(F &&callback) {
this->command_sent_callback_.add(std::forward<F>(callback));
}
/// Set callback for online changes
template<typename F> void add_on_online_callback(F &&callback) {
this->online_callback_.add(std::forward<F>(callback));
}
/// Set callback for offline changes
template<typename F> void add_on_offline_callback(F &&callback) {
this->offline_callback_.add(std::forward<F>(callback));
}
/// called by esphome generated code to set the max_cmd_retries.
void set_max_cmd_retries(uint8_t max_cmd_retries) { this->max_cmd_retries_ = max_cmd_retries; }
/// get how many times a command will be (re)sent if no response is received
uint8_t get_max_cmd_retries() { return this->max_cmd_retries_; }
protected:
/// parse sensormap_ and create range of sequential addresses
size_t create_register_ranges_();
// find register in sensormap. Returns iterator with all registers having the same start address
SensorSet find_sensors_(ModbusRegisterType register_type, uint16_t start_address) const;
/// submit the read command for the address range to the send queue
void update_range_(RegisterRange &r);
/// parse incoming modbus data
void process_modbus_data_(const ModbusCommandItem *response);
/// send the next modbus command from the send queue
bool send_next_command_();
/// dump the parsed sensormap for diagnostics
void dump_sensors_();
/// Collection of all sensors for this component
SensorSet sensorset_;
/// Continuous range of modbus registers
std::vector<RegisterRange> register_ranges_{};
/// Hold the pending requests to be sent
std::list<std::unique_ptr<ModbusCommandItem>> command_queue_;
/// modbus response data waiting to get processed
std::queue<std::unique_ptr<ModbusCommandItem>> incoming_queue_;
/// if duplicate commands can be sent
bool allow_duplicate_commands_{false};
/// when was the last send operation
uint32_t last_command_timestamp_{0};
/// min time in ms between sending modbus commands
uint16_t command_throttle_{0};
/// if module didn't respond the last command
bool module_offline_{false};
/// how many updates to skip if module is offline
uint16_t offline_skip_updates_{0};
/// How many times we will retry a command if we get no response
uint8_t max_cmd_retries_{4};
/// Command sent callback
CallbackManager<void(int, int)> command_sent_callback_{};
/// Server online callback
CallbackManager<void(int, int)> online_callback_{};
/// Server offline callback
CallbackManager<void(int, int)> offline_callback_{};
};
/** Convert vector<uint8_t> response payload to float.
* @param data payload with data
* @param item SensorItem object
* @return float value of data
*/
inline float payload_to_float(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data, const SensorItem &item) {
int64_t number = modbus::helpers::payload_to_number(data, item.sensor_value_type, item.offset, item.bitmask);
float float_value;
if (modbus::helpers::value_type_is_float(item.sensor_value_type)) {
float_value = bit_cast<float>(static_cast<uint32_t>(number));
} else {
float_value = static_cast<float>(number);
}
return float_value;
}
} // namespace esphome::modbus_controller