diff --git a/esphome/components/airthings_wave_base/airthings_wave_base.cpp b/esphome/components/airthings_wave_base/airthings_wave_base.cpp
index d67a2e4a0f..f4dfaaee32 100644
--- a/esphome/components/airthings_wave_base/airthings_wave_base.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/airthings_wave_base/airthings_wave_base.cpp
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ namespace esphome::airthings_wave_base {
 
 ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "airthings_wave_base");
 
+static constexpr uint32_t BATTERY_READ_TIMEOUT_ID = 0;
+static constexpr uint32_t RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_ID = 1;
+
 void AirthingsWaveBase::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gattc_if,
                                             esp_ble_gattc_cb_param_t *param) {
   switch (event) {
@@ -181,7 +184,7 @@ void AirthingsWaveBase::read_battery_(uint8_t *raw_value, uint16_t value_len) {
     // read the battery again at the configured update interval
     if (this->battery_update_interval_ != this->update_interval_) {
       this->read_battery_next_update_ = false;
-      this->set_timeout("battery", this->battery_update_interval_,
+      this->set_timeout(BATTERY_READ_TIMEOUT_ID, this->battery_update_interval_,
                         [this]() { this->read_battery_next_update_ = true; });
     }
   }
@@ -204,7 +207,7 @@ void AirthingsWaveBase::response_received_() {
 }
 
 void AirthingsWaveBase::set_response_timeout_() {
-  this->set_timeout("response_timeout", 30 * 1000, [this]() {
+  this->set_timeout(RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_ID, 30 * 1000, [this]() {
     this->responses_pending_ = 1;
     this->response_received_();
   });
diff --git a/esphome/components/demo/demo_cover.h b/esphome/components/demo/demo_cover.h
index aa12c885f4..eeb188a463 100644
--- a/esphome/components/demo/demo_cover.h
+++ b/esphome/components/demo/demo_cover.h
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ class DemoCover final : public cover::Cover, public Component {
   }
 
  protected:
+  static constexpr uint32_t MOVE_TIMEOUT_ID = 0;
+
   void control(const cover::CoverCall &call) override {
     auto pos = call.get_position();
     if (pos.has_value()) {
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ class DemoCover final : public cover::Cover, public Component {
       this->current_operation =
           target > this->position ? cover::COVER_OPERATION_OPENING : cover::COVER_OPERATION_CLOSING;
 
-      this->set_timeout("move", 2000, [this, target]() {
+      this->set_timeout(MOVE_TIMEOUT_ID, 2000, [this, target]() {
         this->current_operation = cover::COVER_OPERATION_IDLE;
         this->position = target;
         this->publish_state();
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ class DemoCover final : public cover::Cover, public Component {
       this->tilt = *tilt;
     }
     if (call.get_stop()) {
-      this->cancel_timeout("move");
+      this->cancel_timeout(MOVE_TIMEOUT_ID);
     }
 
     this->publish_state();
diff --git a/esphome/components/improv_ble/improv_ble_component.cpp b/esphome/components/improv_ble/improv_ble_component.cpp
index 15adc49776..2029058899 100644
--- a/esphome/components/improv_ble/improv_ble_component.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/improv_ble/improv_ble_component.cpp
@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@ namespace esphome::improv_ble {
 using namespace bytebuffer;
 
 ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "improv_ble.component");
+
+static constexpr uint32_t STOP_SERVICE_TIMEOUT_ID = 0;
+static constexpr uint32_t WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_ID = 1;
+
 static constexpr size_t IMPROV_MAX_LOG_BYTES = 128;
 static constexpr char ESPHOME_MY_LINK[] = "https://my.home-assistant.io/redirect/config_flow_start?domain=esphome";
 // command + data length + trailing byte
@@ -322,7 +326,7 @@ void ImprovBLEComponent::stop() {
   // Wait before stopping the service to ensure all BLE clients see the state change.
   // This prevents clients from repeatedly reconnecting and wasting resources by allowing
   // them to observe that the device is provisioned before the service disappears.
-  this->set_timeout("end-service", STOP_ADVERTISING_DELAY, [this] {
+  this->set_timeout(STOP_SERVICE_TIMEOUT_ID, STOP_ADVERTISING_DELAY, [this] {
     if (this->state_ == improv::STATE_STOPPED || this->service_ == nullptr)
       return;
     // Release first so removing the service UUID does not restart advertising on the way out
@@ -398,7 +402,7 @@ void ImprovBLEComponent::process_incoming_data_() {
         ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Received Improv Wi-Fi settings ssid=%s, password=" LOG_SECRET("%s"), command.ssid.c_str(),
                  command.password.c_str());
 
-        this->set_timeout("wifi-connect-timeout", 30000, [this]() { this->on_wifi_connect_timeout_(); });
+        this->set_timeout(WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_ID, 30000, [this]() { this->on_wifi_connect_timeout_(); });
         this->incoming_data_.clear();
         break;
       }
@@ -438,7 +442,7 @@ void ImprovBLEComponent::check_wifi_connection_() {
   if (this->state_ == improv::STATE_PROVISIONING) {
     wifi::global_wifi_component->save_wifi_sta(this->connecting_sta_.get_ssid(), this->connecting_sta_.get_password());
     this->connecting_sta_ = {};
-    this->cancel_timeout("wifi-connect-timeout");
+    this->cancel_timeout(WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_ID);
 
     // Build the URL list directly into a stack buffer with no heap allocation
     std::array<uint8_t, improv::RPC_RESPONSE_MAX_SIZE> buf;
diff --git a/esphome/components/pvvx_mithermometer/display/pvvx_display.cpp b/esphome/components/pvvx_mithermometer/display/pvvx_display.cpp
index 57876f8c07..995c4aff50 100644
--- a/esphome/components/pvvx_mithermometer/display/pvvx_display.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/pvvx_mithermometer/display/pvvx_display.cpp
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ namespace esphome::pvvx_mithermometer {
 
 ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "display.pvvx_mithermometer");
 
+static constexpr uint32_t DISCONNECT_TIMEOUT_ID = 0;
+
 void PVVXDisplay::dump_config() {
   char service_buf[ble_device_base::UUID_STR_LEN];
   char char_buf[ble_device_base::UUID_STR_LEN];
@@ -39,7 +41,7 @@ void PVVXDisplay::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t
     case ESP_GATTC_DISCONNECT_EVT:
       ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%s] Disconnected", this->parent_->address_str());
       this->connection_established_ = false;
-      this->cancel_timeout("disconnect");
+      this->cancel_timeout(DISCONNECT_TIMEOUT_ID);
       this->char_handle_ = 0;
       break;
     case ESP_GATTC_SEARCH_CMPL_EVT: {
@@ -147,8 +149,8 @@ void PVVXDisplay::send_to_setup_char_(uint8_t *blk, size_t size) {
 void PVVXDisplay::delayed_disconnect_() {
   if (this->disconnect_delay_ms_ == 0)
     return;
-  this->cancel_timeout("disconnect");
-  this->set_timeout("disconnect", this->disconnect_delay_ms_, [this]() { this->parent_->set_enabled(false); });
+  this->cancel_timeout(DISCONNECT_TIMEOUT_ID);
+  this->set_timeout(DISCONNECT_TIMEOUT_ID, this->disconnect_delay_ms_, [this]() { this->parent_->set_enabled(false); });
 }
 
 void PVVXDisplay::sync_time_and_display_() {
diff --git a/esphome/components/sendspin/image/sendspin_image.cpp b/esphome/components/sendspin/image/sendspin_image.cpp
index 4787abc760..a93c2eb443 100644
--- a/esphome/components/sendspin/image/sendspin_image.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/sendspin/image/sendspin_image.cpp
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ namespace esphome::sendspin_ {
 
 ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "sendspin.image");
 
+static constexpr uint32_t TRANSITION_ACK_TIMEOUT_ID = 0;
+
 // How long a displayed frame may wait for sendspin.image.transition_finished before a warning
 // names the missing ack. Generous next to a typical fade of a second or two.
 static constexpr uint32_t TRANSITION_ACK_WARNING_MS = 10000;
@@ -163,7 +165,7 @@ void SendspinImageSlot::on_display_(uint32_t lateness_ms) {
     // that never reaches the action stalls the slot with nothing in the log. Name the cause after
     // a generous wait. Arming again replaces the previous timeout, so it cannot fire for a frame
     // that was already acked and superseded.
-    this->set_timeout("transition_ack", TRANSITION_ACK_WARNING_MS, [this]() {
+    this->set_timeout(TRANSITION_ACK_TIMEOUT_ID, TRANSITION_ACK_WARNING_MS, [this]() {
       if (this->transition_pending_) {
         ESP_LOGW(TAG,
                  "Slot %u: displayed artwork was never acknowledged; no new artwork will arrive until "