diff --git a/docker/docker_entrypoint.sh b/docker/docker_entrypoint.sh
index c88a78f97e..65d8fd61b5 100755
--- a/docker/docker_entrypoint.sh
+++ b/docker/docker_entrypoint.sh
@@ -21,10 +21,14 @@ export PLATFORMIO_PLATFORMS_DIR="${pio_cache_base}/platforms"
 export PLATFORMIO_PACKAGES_DIR="${pio_cache_base}/packages"
 export PLATFORMIO_CACHE_DIR="${pio_cache_base}/cache"
 
-# Keep the native toolchain installs on the persistent cache root, not the
-# container's ephemeral user cache dir (re-downloaded on every restart).
+# Keep the native toolchain installs and compiler caches on the persistent
+# cache root, not the container's user cache dir: it is lost on every
+# restart, and not writable when the container runs as a non-root user.
 export ESPHOME_ESP_IDF_PREFIX="$(dirname "${pio_cache_base}")/idf"
 export ESPHOME_SDK_NRF_PREFIX="$(dirname "${pio_cache_base}")/sdk-nrf"
+export ESPHOME_ARDUINO8266_PREFIX="$(dirname "${pio_cache_base}")/arduino8266"
+export ESPHOME_HOST_PREFIX="$(dirname "${pio_cache_base}")/host"
+export ESPHOME_PLATFORMIO_CCACHE_DIR="$(dirname "${pio_cache_base}")/platformio-ccache"
 
 # If /build is mounted, use that as the build path
 # otherwise use path in /config (so that builds aren't lost on container restart)
diff --git a/docker/ha-addon-rootfs/etc/s6-overlay/s6-rc.d/esphome/run b/docker/ha-addon-rootfs/etc/s6-overlay/s6-rc.d/esphome/run
index 20fada5f13..dd7f1bddc2 100755
--- a/docker/ha-addon-rootfs/etc/s6-overlay/s6-rc.d/esphome/run
+++ b/docker/ha-addon-rootfs/etc/s6-overlay/s6-rc.d/esphome/run
@@ -15,10 +15,14 @@ export PLATFORMIO_PLATFORMS_DIR="${pio_cache_base}/platforms"
 export PLATFORMIO_PACKAGES_DIR="${pio_cache_base}/packages"
 export PLATFORMIO_CACHE_DIR="${pio_cache_base}/cache"
 
-# Keep the native toolchain installs on the persistent /data volume, not the
-# container's ephemeral user cache dir (wiped on every add-on update/restart).
+# Keep the native toolchain installs and compiler caches on the persistent
+# /data volume, not the container's ephemeral user cache dir (wiped on every
+# add-on update/restart).
 export ESPHOME_ESP_IDF_PREFIX=/data/cache/idf
 export ESPHOME_SDK_NRF_PREFIX=/data/cache/sdk-nrf
+export ESPHOME_ARDUINO8266_PREFIX=/data/cache/arduino8266
+export ESPHOME_HOST_PREFIX=/data/cache/host
+export ESPHOME_PLATFORMIO_CCACHE_DIR=/data/cache/platformio-ccache
 
 if bashio::config.true 'leave_front_door_open'; then
     export DISABLE_HA_AUTHENTICATION=true
diff --git a/esphome/build_helpers/tools_cache.py b/esphome/build_helpers/tools_cache.py
index 2dbbb2ffc2..e3d38e7a98 100644
--- a/esphome/build_helpers/tools_cache.py
+++ b/esphome/build_helpers/tools_cache.py
@@ -35,9 +35,12 @@ SDK_NRF_TOOLS_CACHE = ("ESPHOME_SDK_NRF_PREFIX", "sdk-nrf")
 ARDUINO8266_TOOLS_CACHE = ("ESPHOME_ARDUINO8266_PREFIX", "arduino8266")
 # The host backend installs nothing; the entry only holds its ccache dir
 HOST_TOOLS_CACHE = ("ESPHOME_HOST_PREFIX", "host")
+# PlatformIO installs into its own dirs; the entry is its ccache dir itself
+PLATFORMIO_CCACHE = ("ESPHOME_PLATFORMIO_CCACHE_DIR", "platformio-ccache")
 TOOLS_CACHE_SPECS = (
     IDF_TOOLS_CACHE,
     SDK_NRF_TOOLS_CACHE,
     ARDUINO8266_TOOLS_CACHE,
     HOST_TOOLS_CACHE,
+    PLATFORMIO_CCACHE,
 )
diff --git a/esphome/platformio/toolchain.py b/esphome/platformio/toolchain.py
index 97b32420da..2322b37dfc 100644
--- a/esphome/platformio/toolchain.py
+++ b/esphome/platformio/toolchain.py
@@ -7,9 +7,8 @@ import re
 import sys
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
-import platformdirs
-
 from esphome.build_helpers.ccache import resolve_ccache_path
+from esphome.build_helpers.tools_cache import PLATFORMIO_CCACHE, tools_cache_path
 from esphome.const import CONF_COMPILE_PROCESS_LIMIT, CONF_ESPHOME, KEY_CORE
 from esphome.core import CORE, EsphomeError
 from esphome.framework_helpers import strip_win_long_path_prefix
@@ -235,8 +234,9 @@ def _ccache_env() -> dict[str, str]:
     these values would hand it the wrong cache dir and a stale basedir.
 
     This mirrors ``_ccache_env()`` in ``esphome/espidf/framework.py``. The
-    cache lives under the machine-global ESPHome cache dir, so it is shared
-    across all projects and removed by ``esphome clean-all``. Unlike the
+    cache lives under the machine-global ESPHome cache dir, or where
+    ``ESPHOME_PLATFORMIO_CCACHE_DIR`` points (the containers set it to their
+    writable cache mount), and is removed by ``esphome clean-all``. Unlike the
     ESP-IDF path, ``CCACHE_DEPEND`` is not set: SCons compiles don't emit
     the depfiles depend mode needs, so ccache's default preprocessor mode
     is used.
@@ -264,10 +264,7 @@ def _ccache_env() -> dict[str, str]:
         )
     env["CCACHE_BASEDIR"] = str(Path(CORE.build_path).resolve())
     defaults = {
-        "CCACHE_DIR": str(
-            Path(platformdirs.user_cache_dir("esphome", appauthor=False))
-            / "platformio-ccache"
-        ),
+        "CCACHE_DIR": str(tools_cache_path(*PLATFORMIO_CCACHE)),
         "CCACHE_NOHASHDIR": "true",
     }
     env.update({k: v for k, v in defaults.items() if k not in os.environ})
diff --git a/tests/unit_tests/test_platformio_toolchain.py b/tests/unit_tests/test_platformio_toolchain.py
index fb99ea9208..6138d74524 100644
--- a/tests/unit_tests/test_platformio_toolchain.py
+++ b/tests/unit_tests/test_platformio_toolchain.py
@@ -447,6 +447,47 @@ def test_ccache_env_enabled_by_default(setup_core: Path) -> None:
     assert "ESPHOME_CCACHE_ENABLE" not in os.environ
 
 
+def test_ccache_env_uses_cache_dir_override(setup_core: Path, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    """The containers point ccache at their writable cache mount."""
+    CORE.build_path = setup_core / "build" / "test"
+    ccache_dir = tmp_path / "cache" / "platformio-ccache"
+
+    with (
+        patch.dict(
+            os.environ,
+            {"HOME": "/", "ESPHOME_PLATFORMIO_CCACHE_DIR": str(ccache_dir)},
+            clear=True,
+        ),
+        patch("shutil.which", return_value="/usr/bin/ccache"),
+        patch("esphome.framework_helpers.subprocess.run"),
+    ):
+        env = toolchain._ccache_env()
+
+    assert env["CCACHE_DIR"] == str(ccache_dir.resolve())
+
+
+def test_ccache_env_ignores_platformio_cache_dir(
+    setup_core: Path, tmp_path: Path
+) -> None:
+    """PLATFORMIO_CACHE_DIR does not move ccache; only the override does."""
+    CORE.build_path = setup_core / "build" / "test"
+    cache_root = tmp_path / "user-cache"
+
+    with (
+        patch.dict(
+            os.environ,
+            {"PLATFORMIO_CACHE_DIR": str(tmp_path / "platformio" / "cache")},
+            clear=True,
+        ),
+        patch("platformdirs.user_cache_dir", return_value=str(cache_root)),
+        patch("shutil.which", return_value="/usr/bin/ccache"),
+        patch("esphome.framework_helpers.subprocess.run"),
+    ):
+        env = toolchain._ccache_env()
+
+    assert env["CCACHE_DIR"] == str((cache_root / "platformio-ccache").resolve())
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ("env_vars", "expect_warning"),
     [
@@ -582,6 +623,7 @@ def test_ccache_env_respects_user_values_and_refreshes_basedir(
     user_env = {
         "CCACHE_DIR": "/custom/cache",
         "CCACHE_BASEDIR": "/stale/other-device",
+        "ESPHOME_PLATFORMIO_CCACHE_DIR": "/mounted/platformio-ccache",
     }
     CORE.build_path = setup_core / "build" / "test"
 
diff --git a/tests/unit_tests/test_writer.py b/tests/unit_tests/test_writer.py
index 3dcc4b12b8..7fd03062a2 100644
--- a/tests/unit_tests/test_writer.py
+++ b/tests/unit_tests/test_writer.py
@@ -1085,6 +1085,28 @@ def test_clean_all_removes_global_arduino8266_install(
     assert str(arduino8266_install.resolve()) in caplog.text
 
 
+@patch("esphome.writer.CORE")
+def test_clean_all_removes_platformio_ccache(
+    mock_core: MagicMock,
+    tmp_path: Path,
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+    caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+) -> None:
+    """clean_all removes the PlatformIO ccache dir the containers relocate."""
+    ccache_dir = tmp_path / "platformio-ccache"
+    (ccache_dir / "0").mkdir(parents=True)
+    monkeypatch.setenv("ESPHOME_PLATFORMIO_CCACHE_DIR", str(ccache_dir))
+
+    config_dir = tmp_path / "config"
+    config_dir.mkdir()
+
+    with caplog.at_level("INFO"):
+        clean_all([str(config_dir)])
+
+    assert not ccache_dir.exists()
+    assert str(ccache_dir.resolve()) in caplog.text
+
+
 @patch("esphome.writer.CORE")
 def test_clean_all_removes_default_cache_root(
     mock_core: MagicMock,