[sfa40] Add SFA40 sensor support (#17815)

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci-lite[bot] <117423508+pre-commit-ci-lite[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

tests/components/sfa40/common.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+sensor:
+  - platform: sfa40
+    i2c_id: i2c_bus
+    wait_for_ready: false
+    formaldehyde:
+      name: SFA40 formaldehyde
+    temperature:
+      name: SFA40 temperature
+    humidity:
+      name: SFA40 humidity
+    address: 0x5D
+    update_interval: 30s

tests/components/sfa40/test.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+packages:
+  i2c: !include ../../test_build_components/common/i2c/esp32-idf.yaml
+  sfa40: !include common.yaml

tests/components/sfa40/test.esp8266-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+packages:
+  i2c: !include ../../test_build_components/common/i2c/esp8266-ard.yaml
+  sfa40: !include common.yaml

tests/components/sfa40/test.rp2040-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+packages:
+  i2c: !include ../../test_build_components/common/i2c/rp2040-ard.yaml
+  sfa40: !include common.yaml

tests/components/sfa40/validate.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+packages:
+  i2c: !include ../../test_build_components/common/i2c/esp32-idf.yaml
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: sfa40
+    i2c_id: i2c_bus
+    wait_for_ready: true
+    formaldehyde:
+      name: SFA40 formaldehyde