diff --git a/esphome/components/power_supply/power_supply.cpp b/esphome/components/power_supply/power_supply.cpp
index 4da73e76ae..f094f6e2e9 100644
--- a/esphome/components/power_supply/power_supply.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/power_supply/power_supply.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,11 @@ void PowerSupply::dump_config() {
   LOG_PIN("  Pin: ", this->pin_);
 }
 
-float PowerSupply::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::IO; }
+float PowerSupply::get_setup_priority() const {
+  if (this->pin_->is_internal() && this->enable_on_boot_)
+    return setup_priority::POWER;
+  return setup_priority::IO;
+}
 
 bool PowerSupply::is_enabled() const { return this->active_requests_ != 0; }
 
diff --git a/esphome/components/usb_uart/ft23xx.cpp b/esphome/components/usb_uart/ft23xx.cpp
index 3b0e05ba53..2e8ff8bcb5 100644
--- a/esphome/components/usb_uart/ft23xx.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/usb_uart/ft23xx.cpp
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "esphome/components/uart/uart_debugger.h"
 
 #include "esphome/components/bytebuffer/bytebuffer.h"
+#include <cinttypes>
 
 namespace esphome::usb_uart {
 
@@ -288,16 +289,16 @@ int USBUartTypeFT23XX::set_baudrate_(USBUartChannel *channel, uint32_t baudrate)
       ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Set baudrate failed, status=%s", esp_err_to_name(status.error_code));
       channel->initialised_.store(false);
     } else {
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Baudrate %d set, setting line properties...", channel->baud_rate_);
+      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Baudrate %" PRIu32 " set, setting line properties...", channel->baud_rate_);
       this->set_line_properties_(channel);
     }
   };
   if (baudrate == 0) {
     baudrate = channel->baud_rate_;
   }
-  uint16_t value, ftdi_index;
+  uint16_t value = 0, ftdi_index = 0;
   ftdi_convert_baudrate(baudrate, this->chip_type_, channel->index_, &value, &ftdi_index);
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Baudrate: %d, value=0x%04X, ftdi_index=0x%04X", baudrate, value, ftdi_index);
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Baudrate: %" PRIu32 ", value=0x%04X, ftdi_index=0x%04X", baudrate, value, ftdi_index);
   uint16_t usb_index = (ftdi_index & 0xFF00) | (channel->cdc_dev_.bulk_interface_number + 1);
   bool ok = this->control_transfer(USB_VENDOR_DEV | usb_host::USB_DIR_OUT, 0x03, value, usb_index, callback);
   if (!ok) {
diff --git a/esphome/components/usb_uart/pl2303.cpp b/esphome/components/usb_uart/pl2303.cpp
index 3685debef4..134c51198d 100644
--- a/esphome/components/usb_uart/pl2303.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/usb_uart/pl2303.cpp
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "usb_uart.h"
 #include "usb/usb_host.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
+#include <cinttypes>
 
 namespace esphome::usb_uart {
 
@@ -282,8 +283,8 @@ void USBUartTypePL2303::enable_channels() {
   // Data bits
   line_coding[6] = channel->get_data_bits();
 
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "PL2303: SET_LINE_REQUEST baud=%u stop=%u parity=%u data=%u", baud, line_coding[4], line_coding[5],
-           line_coding[6]);
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "PL2303: SET_LINE_REQUEST baud=%" PRIu32 " stop=%u parity=%u data=%u", baud, line_coding[4],
+           line_coding[5], line_coding[6]);
 
   std::vector<uint8_t> lc_vec(line_coding, line_coding + 7);
   uint16_t iface = channel->cdc_dev_.bulk_interface_number;
diff --git a/esphome/core/component.h b/esphome/core/component.h
index 1ae70371a1..70a051ca0b 100644
--- a/esphome/core/component.h
+++ b/esphome/core/component.h
@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ class RuntimeStatsCollector;
  */
 namespace setup_priority {
 
+/// For power supply components that must be on before buses like i2c can work.
+inline constexpr float POWER = 1200.0f;
 /// For communication buses like i2c/spi
 inline constexpr float BUS = 1000.0f;
 /// For components that represent GPIO pins like PCF8573
diff --git a/tests/components/power_supply/test_setup_priority.cpp b/tests/components/power_supply/test_setup_priority.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..401fc72654
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/components/power_supply/test_setup_priority.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "esphome/components/power_supply/power_supply.h"
+#include "esphome/core/gpio.h"
+#include "esphome/core/component.h"
+
+namespace esphome::power_supply::testing {
+
+// Minimal dummy internal GPIO pin implementation for testing
+class DummyInternalPin : public InternalGPIOPin {
+ public:
+  DummyInternalPin() = default;
+  void setup() override {}
+  void pin_mode(esphome::gpio::Flags) override {}
+  esphome::gpio::Flags get_flags() const override { return esphome::gpio::FLAG_NONE; }
+  bool digital_read() override { return false; }
+  void digital_write(bool) override {}
+  void detach_interrupt() const override {}
+  ISRInternalGPIOPin to_isr() const override { return ISRInternalGPIOPin(); }
+  uint8_t get_pin() const override { return 0; }
+  bool is_inverted() const override { return false; }
+
+ protected:
+  // Implement protected attach_interrupt required by InternalGPIOPin
+  void attach_interrupt(void (*func)(void *), void *arg, esphome::gpio::InterruptType type) const override {}
+};
+
+TEST(PowerSupply, HasHigherPriorityThanBusWhenInternalAndEnableOnBoot) {
+  power_supply::PowerSupply ps;
+  DummyInternalPin pin;
+  ps.set_pin(&pin);
+  ps.set_enable_on_boot(true);
+
+  // POWER priority should be greater than BUS priority
+  EXPECT_GT(ps.get_setup_priority(), setup_priority::BUS);
+}
+
+TEST(PowerSupply, FallsBackToIOWhenNotEnableOnBoot) {
+  power_supply::PowerSupply ps;
+  DummyInternalPin pin;
+  ps.set_pin(&pin);
+  ps.set_enable_on_boot(false);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(ps.get_setup_priority(), setup_priority::IO);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::power_supply::testing