[uart] Let a UART say it has no line timing (#20227)

tests/component_tests/uart/test_unclocked.py

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+"""Tests for marking UARTs whose bytes do not arrive with the timing of a serial line."""
+
+from esphome.components import ble_nus, tcp_uart, uart, usb_cdc_acm
+from esphome.const import CONF_ID, PlatformFramework
+from esphome.core import ID
+from tests.component_tests.types import SetCoreConfigCallable
+
+
+def test_only_a_marked_uart_is_unclocked() -> None:
+    marked = ID("link", is_declaration=True)
+    assert uart.mark_unclocked(marked) is marked
+    assert uart.is_unclocked(ID("link"))
+    assert not uart.is_unclocked(ID("bus"))
+
+
+def test_a_generated_id_is_found_once_named() -> None:
+    generated = uart.mark_unclocked(
+        ID(None, is_declaration=True, type=uart.UARTComponent)
+    )
+    name = generated.resolve([])
+    assert uart.is_unclocked(ID(name))
+
+
+def test_tcp_uart_is_unclocked() -> None:
+    tcp_uart.CONFIG_SCHEMA({CONF_ID: "link", "role": "server", "port": 6638})
+    assert uart.is_unclocked(ID("link"))
+
+
+def test_every_usb_uart_channel_is_unclocked(
+    set_core_config: SetCoreConfigCallable,
+) -> None:
+    set_core_config(PlatformFramework.ESP32_IDF, platform_data={"variant": "ESP32S3"})
+    # Its schema is built on import and needs the target.
+    from esphome.components import usb_uart
+
+    schema = usb_uart.channel_schema(usb_uart._TYPES_BY_NAME["FT2232"])
+    schema(
+        {
+            "channels": [
+                {CONF_ID: "ch_a", "baud_rate": 9600},
+                {CONF_ID: "ch_b", "baud_rate": 115200},
+            ]
+        }
+    )
+    assert uart.is_unclocked(ID("ch_a"))
+    assert uart.is_unclocked(ID("ch_b"))
+
+
+def test_usb_cdc_acm_interface_is_unclocked() -> None:
+    usb_cdc_acm.INTERFACE_SCHEMA({CONF_ID: "cdc"})
+    assert uart.is_unclocked(ID("cdc"))
+
+
+def test_ble_nus_is_unclocked(set_core_config: SetCoreConfigCallable) -> None:
+    set_core_config(PlatformFramework.NRF52_ZEPHYR)
+    ble_nus.CONFIG_SCHEMA({CONF_ID: "nus", "type": "uart"})
+    assert uart.is_unclocked(ID("nus"))