diff --git a/CODEOWNERS b/CODEOWNERS
index fc14cb33d09..2c026b92f5b 100644
--- a/CODEOWNERS
+++ b/CODEOWNERS
@@ -212,6 +212,7 @@ esphome/components/factory_reset/* @anatoly-savchenkov
 esphome/components/fastled_base/* @OttoWinter
 esphome/components/feedback/* @ianchi
 esphome/components/file/* @esphome/core
+esphome/components/filter_lifetime/* @tuct
 esphome/components/fingerprint_grow/* @alexborro @loongyh @OnFreund
 esphome/components/font/* @clydebarrow @esphome/core
 esphome/components/friedrich/* @rwrozelle
diff --git a/esphome/components/filter_lifetime/__init__.py b/esphome/components/filter_lifetime/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..99a67538bf2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/esphome/components/filter_lifetime/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+CODEOWNERS = ["@tuct"]
+DOMAIN = "filter_lifetime"
diff --git a/esphome/components/filter_lifetime/filter_lifetime.cpp b/esphome/components/filter_lifetime/filter_lifetime.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..47059a7f7a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/esphome/components/filter_lifetime/filter_lifetime.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#include "filter_lifetime.h"
+#include "esphome/core/application.h"
+#include "esphome/core/hal.h"
+#include "esphome/core/log.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cmath>
+
+namespace esphome::filter_lifetime {
+
+ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "filter_lifetime");
+
+static constexpr uint32_t SECONDS_PER_HOUR = 3600;
+static constexpr float MINUTES_PER_DAY = 24.0f * 60.0f;
+
+void FilterLifetime::setup() {
+  this->pref_ = this->make_entity_preference<uint32_t>();
+  this->pref_.load(&this->runtime_seconds_);
+  this->last_update_ = millis();
+  this->publish_values_();
+}
+
+void FilterLifetime::update() {
+  const uint32_t now = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
+  const uint32_t elapsed_ms = now - this->last_update_;
+  this->last_update_ = now;
+
+  if (this->get_is_on_()) {
+    float speed = this->get_current_speed_();
+    if (std::isnan(speed))
+      speed = 0.0f;
+    speed = std::clamp(speed, 0.0f, 100.0f);
+    const uint32_t prev_hours = this->runtime_seconds_ / SECONDS_PER_HOUR;
+    this->carry_ms_ += static_cast<uint32_t>(elapsed_ms * (speed / 100.0f));
+    this->runtime_seconds_ += this->carry_ms_ / 1000;
+    this->carry_ms_ %= 1000;
+    // Save once per hour of runtime (and in on_shutdown): every save erases a flash sector on ESP8266.
+    if (this->runtime_seconds_ / SECONDS_PER_HOUR != prev_hours)
+      this->pref_.save(&this->runtime_seconds_);
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Elapsed %" PRIu32 " ms at %.0f%%, runtime %" PRIu32 " s", elapsed_ms, speed, this->runtime_seconds_);
+  }
+  this->publish_values_();
+}
+
+void FilterLifetime::publish_values_() {
+  const float runtime_minutes = this->runtime_seconds_ / 60.0f;
+  const float max_minutes = this->max_lifetime_minutes_;
+  const float remaining_minutes = std::max(0.0f, max_minutes - runtime_minutes);
+  this->publish_state(100.0f * remaining_minutes / max_minutes);
+  if (this->runtime_hours_sensor_ != nullptr)
+    this->runtime_hours_sensor_->publish_state(runtime_minutes / 60.0f);
+  if (this->remaining_days_sensor_ != nullptr)
+    this->remaining_days_sensor_->publish_state(remaining_minutes / MINUTES_PER_DAY);
+}
+
+void FilterLifetime::on_shutdown() { this->pref_.save(&this->runtime_seconds_); }
+
+void FilterLifetime::reset_filter() {
+  this->runtime_seconds_ = 0;
+  this->carry_ms_ = 0;
+  this->pref_.save(&this->runtime_seconds_);
+  this->publish_values_();
+  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Filter lifetime reset");
+}
+
+bool FilterLifetime::get_is_on_() {
+#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
+  // Reads false until the sensor first publishes, so nothing accumulates before then.
+  if (this->is_on_sensor_ != nullptr)
+    return this->is_on_sensor_->state;
+#endif
+  if (this->is_on_lambda_ != nullptr)
+    return this->is_on_lambda_();
+  return true;
+}
+
+float FilterLifetime::get_current_speed_() {
+  if (this->current_speed_sensor_ != nullptr)
+    return this->current_speed_sensor_->state;  // NaN before the first publish, treated as 0
+  if (this->current_speed_lambda_ != nullptr)
+    return this->current_speed_lambda_();
+  return 100.0f;
+}
+
+void FilterLifetime::dump_config() {
+  LOG_SENSOR("", "Filter Lifetime", this);
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
+                "  Max lifetime: %" PRIu32 " min (%.1f days)\n"
+                "  Runtime: %.1f h",
+                this->max_lifetime_minutes_, this->max_lifetime_minutes_ / MINUTES_PER_DAY,
+                this->runtime_seconds_ / 3600.0f);
+#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
+  if (this->is_on_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    LOG_BINARY_SENSOR("  ", "Is-on sensor", this->is_on_sensor_);
+  } else
+#endif
+  {
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Is-on: %s",
+                  this->is_on_lambda_ != nullptr ? LOG_STR_LITERAL("lambda") : LOG_STR_LITERAL("always"));
+  }
+  if (this->current_speed_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Speed sensor", this->current_speed_sensor_);
+  } else {
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Speed: %s",
+                  this->current_speed_lambda_ != nullptr ? LOG_STR_LITERAL("lambda") : LOG_STR_LITERAL("100%"));
+  }
+  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Runtime hours", this->runtime_hours_sensor_);
+  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Remaining days", this->remaining_days_sensor_);
+  LOG_UPDATE_INTERVAL(this);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::filter_lifetime
diff --git a/esphome/components/filter_lifetime/filter_lifetime.h b/esphome/components/filter_lifetime/filter_lifetime.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e6f40d78f5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/esphome/components/filter_lifetime/filter_lifetime.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
+#include "esphome/core/component.h"
+#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
+#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
+#include "esphome/components/binary_sensor/binary_sensor.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace esphome::filter_lifetime {
+
+class FilterLifetime : public sensor::Sensor, public PollingComponent {
+ public:
+  void setup() override;
+  void update() override;
+  void dump_config() override;
+  void on_shutdown() override;
+  void reset_filter();
+
+  void set_max_lifetime(uint32_t minutes) { this->max_lifetime_minutes_ = minutes; }
+  void set_is_on_lambda(bool (*is_on)()) { this->is_on_lambda_ = is_on; }
+#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
+  void set_is_on_sensor(binary_sensor::BinarySensor *sensor) { this->is_on_sensor_ = sensor; }
+#endif
+  void set_current_speed_lambda(float (*speed)()) { this->current_speed_lambda_ = speed; }
+  void set_current_speed_sensor(sensor::Sensor *sensor) { this->current_speed_sensor_ = sensor; }
+  void set_runtime_hours_sensor(sensor::Sensor *sensor) { this->runtime_hours_sensor_ = sensor; }
+  void set_remaining_days_sensor(sensor::Sensor *sensor) { this->remaining_days_sensor_ = sensor; }
+
+ protected:
+  bool get_is_on_();
+  float get_current_speed_();
+  void publish_values_();
+
+  bool (*is_on_lambda_)(){nullptr};
+  float (*current_speed_lambda_)(){nullptr};
+#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
+  binary_sensor::BinarySensor *is_on_sensor_{nullptr};
+#endif
+  sensor::Sensor *current_speed_sensor_{nullptr};
+  sensor::Sensor *runtime_hours_sensor_{nullptr};
+  sensor::Sensor *remaining_days_sensor_{nullptr};
+  ESPPreferenceObject pref_;
+  uint32_t max_lifetime_minutes_{0};
+  uint32_t last_update_{0};
+  uint32_t runtime_seconds_{0};  // Speed-weighted running time, persisted
+  uint32_t carry_ms_{0};         // Weighted milliseconds not yet counted as a second
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::filter_lifetime
diff --git a/esphome/components/filter_lifetime/sensor.py b/esphome/components/filter_lifetime/sensor.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..58af033f329
--- /dev/null
+++ b/esphome/components/filter_lifetime/sensor.py
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+from esphome import automation
+import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components import binary_sensor, sensor
+import esphome.config_validation as cv
+from esphome.const import (
+    DEVICE_CLASS_DURATION,
+    STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+    STATE_CLASS_TOTAL_INCREASING,
+    UNIT_HOUR,
+    UNIT_PERCENT,
+)
+from esphome.types import ConfigType
+
+CONF_MAX_LIFETIME = "max_lifetime"
+CONF_IS_ON = "is_on"
+CONF_IS_ON_SENSOR = "is_on_sensor"
+CONF_CURRENT_SPEED = "current_speed"
+CONF_CURRENT_SPEED_SENSOR = "current_speed_sensor"
+CONF_RUNTIME_HOURS = "runtime_hours"
+CONF_REMAINING_DAYS = "remaining_days"
+UNIT_DAY = "d"
+
+filter_lifetime_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("filter_lifetime")
+FilterLifetime = filter_lifetime_ns.class_(
+    "FilterLifetime", sensor.Sensor, cg.PollingComponent
+)
+
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
+    sensor.sensor_schema(
+        FilterLifetime,
+        unit_of_measurement=UNIT_PERCENT,
+        accuracy_decimals=2,
+        icon="mdi:air-filter",
+        state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+    )
+    .extend(
+        {
+            cv.Required(CONF_MAX_LIFETIME): cv.All(
+                cv.positive_time_period_minutes,
+                cv.Range(min=cv.TimePeriod(minutes=1)),
+            ),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_IS_ON): cv.returning_lambda,
+            cv.Optional(CONF_IS_ON_SENSOR): cv.use_id(binary_sensor.BinarySensor),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_CURRENT_SPEED): cv.returning_lambda,
+            cv.Optional(CONF_CURRENT_SPEED_SENSOR): cv.use_id(sensor.Sensor),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_RUNTIME_HOURS): sensor.sensor_schema(
+                unit_of_measurement=UNIT_HOUR,
+                accuracy_decimals=1,
+                device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_DURATION,
+                state_class=STATE_CLASS_TOTAL_INCREASING,
+                icon="mdi:timer-outline",
+            ),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_REMAINING_DAYS): sensor.sensor_schema(
+                unit_of_measurement=UNIT_DAY,
+                accuracy_decimals=0,
+                device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_DURATION,
+                icon="mdi:calendar-clock",
+            ),
+        }
+    )
+    .extend(cv.polling_component_schema("60s")),
+    cv.has_at_most_one_key(CONF_IS_ON, CONF_IS_ON_SENSOR),
+    cv.has_at_most_one_key(CONF_CURRENT_SPEED, CONF_CURRENT_SPEED_SENSOR),
+)
+
+
+async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
+    var = await sensor.new_sensor(config)
+    await cg.register_component(var, config)
+
+    cg.add(var.set_max_lifetime(config[CONF_MAX_LIFETIME]))
+
+    if (is_on := config.get(CONF_IS_ON)) is not None:
+        cg.add(var.set_is_on_lambda(await cg.templatable(is_on, [], bool)))
+    elif (is_on_sensor := config.get(CONF_IS_ON_SENSOR)) is not None:
+        cg.add(var.set_is_on_sensor(await cg.get_variable(is_on_sensor)))
+
+    if (current_speed := config.get(CONF_CURRENT_SPEED)) is not None:
+        cg.add(
+            var.set_current_speed_lambda(await cg.templatable(current_speed, [], float))
+        )
+    elif (speed_sensor := config.get(CONF_CURRENT_SPEED_SENSOR)) is not None:
+        cg.add(var.set_current_speed_sensor(await cg.get_variable(speed_sensor)))
+
+    sensors = sensor.sub_sensors(config)
+    await sensors(CONF_RUNTIME_HOURS, var.set_runtime_hours_sensor)
+    await sensors(CONF_REMAINING_DAYS, var.set_remaining_days_sensor)
+
+
+automation.register_apply_action(
+    "filter_lifetime.reset_filter",
+    cv.Schema({cv.GenerateID(): cv.use_id(FilterLifetime)}),
+    automation.ApplyCall("reset_filter()"),
+)
diff --git a/tests/components/filter_lifetime/__init__.py b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..70b7f08adf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from esphome.core import CORE
+from esphome.types import ConfigType
+from tests.testing_helpers import ComponentManifestOverride
+
+
+def override_manifest(manifest: ComponentManifestOverride) -> None:
+    async def to_code_testing(config: ConfigType) -> None:
+        for platform in ("sensor", "binary_sensor"):
+            CORE.testing_ensure_platform_registered(platform)
+
+    manifest.to_code = to_code_testing
+    manifest.dependencies = manifest.dependencies + ["sensor", "binary_sensor"]
diff --git a/tests/components/filter_lifetime/common.yaml b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/common.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1cf8a3e0b18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/common.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+binary_sensor:
+  - platform: template
+    name: "Fan Running"
+    id: fan_running
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: template
+    name: "Fan Speed Percent"
+    id: fan_speed_percent
+    unit_of_measurement: "%"
+
+  # Test with lambdas
+  - platform: filter_lifetime
+    name: "Filter Lifetime Lambda"
+    id: filter_lifetime_lambda
+    max_lifetime: 365d
+    is_on: !lambda 'return true;'
+    current_speed: !lambda 'return 50.0;'
+    update_interval: 60s
+    runtime_hours:
+      name: "Filter Runtime Hours Lambda"
+    remaining_days:
+      name: "Filter Remaining Days Lambda"
+
+  # Test with sensor references
+  - platform: filter_lifetime
+    name: "Filter Lifetime Sensor"
+    id: filter_lifetime_sensor
+    max_lifetime: 365d
+    is_on_sensor: fan_running
+    current_speed_sensor: fan_speed_percent
+    update_interval: 60s
+    runtime_hours:
+      name: "Filter Runtime Hours Sensor"
+    remaining_days:
+      name: "Filter Remaining Days Sensor"
+
+  # Test with defaults (always on at 100%)
+  - platform: filter_lifetime
+    name: "Filter Lifetime Default"
+    id: filter_lifetime_default
+    max_lifetime: 180d
+    update_interval: 60s
+
+button:
+  - platform: template
+    name: "Reset Filter Lambda"
+    on_press:
+      - filter_lifetime.reset_filter:
+          id: filter_lifetime_lambda
+
+  - platform: template
+    name: "Reset Filter Sensor"
+    on_press:
+      - filter_lifetime.reset_filter:
+          id: filter_lifetime_sensor
+
+  - platform: template
+    name: "Reset Filter Default"
+    on_press:
+      - filter_lifetime.reset_filter:
+          id: filter_lifetime_default
diff --git a/tests/components/filter_lifetime/lambda_only.yaml b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/lambda_only.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9affd2d469f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/lambda_only.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+sensor:
+  - platform: filter_lifetime
+    name: "Filter Lifetime Lambda Only"
+    max_lifetime: 180d
+    is_on: !lambda 'return true;'
+    current_speed: !lambda 'return 75.0f;'
+    remaining_days:
+      name: "Filter Remaining Days Lambda Only"
diff --git a/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test-lambda-only.esp32-idf.yaml b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test-lambda-only.esp32-idf.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aa0d3c679ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test-lambda-only.esp32-idf.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+packages:
+  filter_lifetime: !include lambda_only.yaml
diff --git a/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test.esp32-idf.yaml b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test.esp32-idf.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1dc5fd39b9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test.esp32-idf.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+packages:
+  filter_lifetime: !include common.yaml
diff --git a/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test.esp8266-ard.yaml b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test.esp8266-ard.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1dc5fd39b9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test.esp8266-ard.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+packages:
+  filter_lifetime: !include common.yaml
diff --git a/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test.rp2040-ard.yaml b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test.rp2040-ard.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1dc5fd39b9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test.rp2040-ard.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+packages:
+  filter_lifetime: !include common.yaml
diff --git a/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test_filter_lifetime.cpp b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test_filter_lifetime.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a4c89edd856
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/components/filter_lifetime/test_filter_lifetime.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+#ifdef USE_HOST
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <cmath>
+#include "esphome/components/binary_sensor/binary_sensor.h"
+#include "esphome/components/filter_lifetime/filter_lifetime.h"
+#include "esphome/components/host/preferences.h"
+#include "esphome/core/application.h"
+#include "esphome/core/hal.h"
+
+namespace esphome::filter_lifetime::testing {
+
+class EntityIdentity : public EntityBase {
+ public:
+  static void configure(EntityBase &entity, const char *name, uint32_t hash) {
+    auto configure = &EntityIdentity::configure_entity_;
+    (entity.*configure)(name, hash, 0);
+  }
+};
+
+class TestableFilterLifetime : public FilterLifetime {
+ public:
+  using FilterLifetime::last_update_;
+  using FilterLifetime::runtime_seconds_;
+};
+
+static bool g_is_on = true;                   // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-const-global-variables)
+static float g_speed = 100.0f;                // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-const-global-variables)
+static constexpr uint32_t MAX_MINUTES = 600;  // 10 hours
+static constexpr uint32_t FILTER_HASH = 0x104001;
+
+class FilterLifetimeTest : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  TestableFilterLifetime filter_;
+  sensor::Sensor runtime_hours_;
+  sensor::Sensor remaining_days_;
+  float last_state_{NAN};
+  unsigned publications_{0};
+
+  void SetUp() override {
+    new (&App) Application;
+    App.pre_setup("filter-lifetime-tests", 21, "Filter lifetime tests", 21);
+    host::setup_preferences();
+    host::host_preferences->reset();
+    g_is_on = true;
+    g_speed = 100.0f;
+    this->attach(this->filter_);
+    this->filter_.add_on_state_callback([this](float value) {
+      this->last_state_ = value;
+      ++this->publications_;
+    });
+  }
+
+  void TearDown() override {
+    host::host_preferences->reset();
+    App.~Application();
+  }
+
+  void attach(FilterLifetime &filter) {
+    EntityIdentity::configure(filter, "Filter", FILTER_HASH);
+    filter.set_max_lifetime(MAX_MINUTES);
+    filter.set_is_on_lambda([]() { return g_is_on; });
+    filter.set_current_speed_lambda([]() { return g_speed; });
+    filter.set_runtime_hours_sensor(&this->runtime_hours_);
+    filter.set_remaining_days_sensor(&this->remaining_days_);
+  }
+
+  // Run one update() as if elapsed_ms passed since the previous one
+  void elapse(uint32_t elapsed_ms) {
+    this->filter_.last_update_ = App.get_loop_component_start_time() - elapsed_ms;
+    this->filter_.update();
+  }
+
+  bool stored(uint32_t &value) { return this->filter_.make_entity_preference<uint32_t>().load(&value); }
+
+  static float expected_percent(uint32_t runtime_seconds) {
+    return 100.0f * (MAX_MINUTES - runtime_seconds / 60.0f) / MAX_MINUTES;
+  }
+};
+
+TEST_F(FilterLifetimeTest, PublishesFullLifeAtSetup) {
+  this->filter_.setup();
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->publications_, 1u);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(this->last_state_, 100.0f);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(this->runtime_hours_.state, 0.0f);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(this->remaining_days_.state, MAX_MINUTES / (24.0f * 60.0f));
+}
+
+TEST_F(FilterLifetimeTest, AccumulatesSpeedWeightedSeconds) {
+  this->filter_.setup();
+  g_speed = 50.0f;
+  this->elapse(60000);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->filter_.runtime_seconds_, 30u);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(this->last_state_, expected_percent(30));
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(this->runtime_hours_.state, 30.0f / 3600.0f);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(this->remaining_days_.state, (MAX_MINUTES - 0.5f) / (24.0f * 60.0f));
+}
+
+TEST_F(FilterLifetimeTest, CarriesSubSecondRemainderAcrossUpdates) {
+  this->filter_.setup();
+  g_speed = 25.0f;
+  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
+    this->elapse(1000);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->filter_.runtime_seconds_, 0u);
+  this->elapse(1000);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->filter_.runtime_seconds_, 1u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(FilterLifetimeTest, NothingAccumulatesWhileOff) {
+  this->filter_.setup();
+  g_is_on = false;
+  this->elapse(60000);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->filter_.runtime_seconds_, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->publications_, 2u);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(this->last_state_, 100.0f);
+}
+
+TEST_F(FilterLifetimeTest, SpeedIsClampedAndNanCountsAsZero) {
+  this->filter_.setup();
+  g_speed = 250.0f;
+  this->elapse(1000);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->filter_.runtime_seconds_, 1u);
+  g_speed = NAN;
+  this->elapse(1000);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->filter_.runtime_seconds_, 1u);
+  g_speed = -5.0f;
+  this->elapse(1000);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->filter_.runtime_seconds_, 1u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(FilterLifetimeTest, SpeedSensorIsUsedOnceItHasAState) {
+  sensor::Sensor speed;
+  this->filter_.set_current_speed_lambda(nullptr);
+  this->filter_.set_current_speed_sensor(&speed);
+  this->filter_.setup();
+  this->elapse(1000);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->filter_.runtime_seconds_, 0u);
+  speed.state = 50.0f;
+  this->elapse(2000);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->filter_.runtime_seconds_, 1u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(FilterLifetimeTest, IsOnSensorGatesAccumulationOnceItIsOn) {
+  binary_sensor::BinarySensor running;
+  this->filter_.set_is_on_lambda(nullptr);
+  this->filter_.set_is_on_sensor(&running);
+  this->filter_.setup();
+  this->elapse(1000);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->filter_.runtime_seconds_, 0u);
+  running.publish_state(true);
+  this->elapse(1000);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->filter_.runtime_seconds_, 1u);
+  running.publish_state(false);
+  this->elapse(1000);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->filter_.runtime_seconds_, 1u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(FilterLifetimeTest, NoInputsMeansAlwaysOnAtFullSpeed) {
+  this->filter_.set_is_on_lambda(nullptr);
+  this->filter_.set_current_speed_lambda(nullptr);
+  this->filter_.setup();
+  this->elapse(1000);
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->filter_.runtime_seconds_, 1u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(FilterLifetimeTest, SavesOnlyWhenAnHourOfRuntimeCompletes) {
+  this->filter_.setup();
+  uint32_t value = 0;
+  this->elapse(3599000);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(this->stored(value));
+  this->elapse(1000);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(this->stored(value));
+  EXPECT_EQ(value, 3600u);
+  this->elapse(1000);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(this->stored(value));
+  EXPECT_EQ(value, 3600u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(FilterLifetimeTest, ShutdownSavesThePartialHour) {
+  this->filter_.setup();
+  this->elapse(1000);
+  this->filter_.on_shutdown();
+  uint32_t value = 0;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(this->stored(value));
+  EXPECT_EQ(value, 1u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(FilterLifetimeTest, RestoresRuntimeAtSetup) {
+  this->filter_.setup();
+  this->elapse(1234000);
+  this->filter_.on_shutdown();
+
+  TestableFilterLifetime restored;
+  this->attach(restored);
+  restored.setup();
+  EXPECT_EQ(restored.runtime_seconds_, 1234u);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(restored.state, expected_percent(1234));
+}
+
+TEST_F(FilterLifetimeTest, ResetClearsRuntimeAndSaves) {
+  this->filter_.setup();
+  this->elapse(5000);
+  this->filter_.reset_filter();
+  EXPECT_EQ(this->filter_.runtime_seconds_, 0u);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(this->last_state_, 100.0f);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(this->runtime_hours_.state, 0.0f);
+  uint32_t value = 1;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(this->stored(value));
+  EXPECT_EQ(value, 0u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(FilterLifetimeTest, RemainingLifeStopsAtZero) {
+  this->filter_.set_max_lifetime(1);
+  this->filter_.setup();
+  this->elapse(120000);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(this->last_state_, 0.0f);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(this->remaining_days_.state, 0.0f);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(this->runtime_hours_.state, 2.0f / 60.0f);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::filter_lifetime::testing
+
+#endif  // USE_HOST
diff --git a/tests/unit_tests/components/filter_lifetime/__init__.py b/tests/unit_tests/components/filter_lifetime/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e69de29bb2d
diff --git a/tests/unit_tests/components/filter_lifetime/test_sensor.py b/tests/unit_tests/components/filter_lifetime/test_sensor.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7e8d85fcda6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit_tests/components/filter_lifetime/test_sensor.py
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+"""Tests for the filter_lifetime configuration schema."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any
+
+import pytest
+
+from esphome.components.filter_lifetime import sensor as filter_lifetime
+import esphome.config_validation as cv
+from esphome.const import (
+    CONF_ACCURACY_DECIMALS,
+    CONF_DEVICE_CLASS,
+    CONF_STATE_CLASS,
+    CONF_UNIT_OF_MEASUREMENT,
+    CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
+    DEVICE_CLASS_DURATION,
+    STATE_CLASS_TOTAL_INCREASING,
+    UNIT_HOUR,
+    UNIT_PERCENT,
+)
+from esphome.core import Lambda
+from esphome.types import ConfigType
+
+
+def _validate(config: dict[str, Any]) -> ConfigType:
+    return filter_lifetime.CONFIG_SCHEMA({"name": "Filter", **config})
+
+
+def test_max_lifetime_is_stored_in_minutes() -> None:
+    config = _validate({"max_lifetime": "180d"})
+    assert config["max_lifetime"].total_minutes == 180 * 24 * 60
+
+
+def test_max_lifetime_is_required() -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(cv.Invalid, match="required key not provided"):
+        _validate({})
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("value", ["0min", "30s", 6])
+def test_max_lifetime_rejects_values_under_one_minute(value: Any) -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(cv.Invalid):
+        _validate({"max_lifetime": value})
+
+
+def test_defaults() -> None:
+    config = _validate({"max_lifetime": "180d"})
+    assert config[CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL].total_seconds == 60
+    assert config[CONF_UNIT_OF_MEASUREMENT] == UNIT_PERCENT
+    assert config[CONF_ACCURACY_DECIMALS] == 2
+    assert "is_on" not in config
+    assert "current_speed" not in config
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("lambda_key", "sensor_key"),
+    [("is_on", "is_on_sensor"), ("current_speed", "current_speed_sensor")],
+)
+def test_lambda_and_sensor_are_mutually_exclusive(
+    lambda_key: str, sensor_key: str
+) -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(cv.Invalid, match="Cannot specify more than one of"):
+        _validate(
+            {
+                "max_lifetime": "180d",
+                lambda_key: Lambda("return 1;"),
+                sensor_key: "some_id",
+            }
+        )
+
+
+def test_lambda_inputs_accepted() -> None:
+    config = _validate(
+        {
+            "max_lifetime": "180d",
+            "is_on": Lambda("return true;"),
+            "current_speed": Lambda("return 50.0f;"),
+        }
+    )
+    assert config["is_on"].value == "return true;"
+    assert config["current_speed"].value == "return 50.0f;"
+
+
+def test_sub_sensor_defaults() -> None:
+    config = _validate(
+        {
+            "max_lifetime": "180d",
+            "runtime_hours": {"name": "Runtime"},
+            "remaining_days": {"name": "Remaining"},
+        }
+    )
+    runtime = config["runtime_hours"]
+    assert runtime[CONF_UNIT_OF_MEASUREMENT] == UNIT_HOUR
+    assert runtime[CONF_DEVICE_CLASS] == DEVICE_CLASS_DURATION
+    assert runtime[CONF_STATE_CLASS] == STATE_CLASS_TOTAL_INCREASING
+    remaining = config["remaining_days"]
+    assert remaining[CONF_UNIT_OF_MEASUREMENT] == filter_lifetime.UNIT_DAY
+    assert remaining[CONF_DEVICE_CLASS] == DEVICE_CLASS_DURATION
+    assert remaining[CONF_ACCURACY_DECIMALS] == 0