diff --git a/esphome/arduino/library.py b/esphome/arduino/library.py
index 30c5549e69..fbf84eb2e8 100644
--- a/esphome/arduino/library.py
+++ b/esphome/arduino/library.py
@@ -324,14 +324,16 @@ def _external_short_name(name: str) -> str:
 
 
 def _check_unfulfilled_provides(
-    provided_requests: list[str], satisfied: set[str]
+    provided_requests: list[str], satisfied: set[str], still_requested: set[str]
 ) -> None:
     """Reconcile the provides() promise: every dependency the walk skipped
     on the backend's word must have been added from the framework tree (or
     knowingly satisfied by a converted/external library). An unfulfilled
     promise can only surface as undefined symbols at link, so it fails
-    here by name like the other can-never-link checks in this module."""
-    if missing := sorted(set(provided_requests) - satisfied):
+    here by name like the other can-never-link checks in this module. The
+    walk records across re-resolutions, so a name no final manifest still
+    requests is stale state, never a failure."""
+    if missing := sorted((set(provided_requests) & still_requested) - satisfied):
         raise EsphomeError(
             "provides() skipped these dependencies but nothing added them: "
             f"{', '.join(missing)}; the build is missing libraries"
@@ -391,6 +393,9 @@ def resolve_libraries(
     # Bundled candidates skipped on purpose (platform filter); the
     # provides() reconciliation must count them as satisfied
     knowingly_skipped: set[str] = set()
+    # Dependency names of the manifests actually emitted; a walk recording
+    # for a since-re-resolved manifest must not fail the reconciliation
+    final_dep_names: set[str] = set()
     # Ordered set of bundled dependency names to add once conversion is done
     pending_bundled: dict[str, None] = {}
     # Deps matching a separately-requested external are already in the build
@@ -407,6 +412,8 @@ def resolve_libraries(
             component.data.get("dependencies"), component.name
         ):
             name = dep.get("name")
+            if isinstance(name, str):
+                final_dep_names.add(name)
             if isinstance(name, str) and "/" in name:
                 owner, _, pkg = name.partition("/")
                 if _is_safe_library_name(owner) and _is_safe_library_name(pkg):
@@ -527,6 +534,7 @@ def resolve_libraries(
         | converted_manifest_names
         | external_short_names
         | knowingly_skipped,
+        final_dep_names,
     )
 
     return bundled + converted
diff --git a/esphome/platformio/library.py b/esphome/platformio/library.py
index 80e3fa160a..3b0f5d6c76 100644
--- a/esphome/platformio/library.py
+++ b/esphome/platformio/library.py
@@ -944,9 +944,11 @@ def _warn_unsatisfied_versionless(
         if dep_name in resolved_manifest_names:
             # Name-only evidence: any resolved component with this manifest
             # name counts, not just ones the requester can reach, so a
-            # coincidental name collision must stay visible
+            # coincidental name collision must stay visible where the user
+            # could pin it; treeless backends cannot act on it
             warned.add(dep_name)
-            _LOGGER.warning(
+            log = _LOGGER.warning if backend.provides is not None else _LOGGER.debug
+            log(
                 "Version-less dependency %s of %s assumed satisfied by a "
                 "resolved library's manifest name only",
                 dep_name,
diff --git a/tests/unit_tests/test_arduino_library.py b/tests/unit_tests/test_arduino_library.py
index 24e78ea7da..eed86db5a7 100644
--- a/tests/unit_tests/test_arduino_library.py
+++ b/tests/unit_tests/test_arduino_library.py
@@ -721,10 +721,15 @@ def test_unfulfilled_provides_promise_raises(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     undefined symbols at link, so it fails here by name, deduplicated;
     satisfied ones pass silently."""
     with pytest.raises(EsphomeError, match="Wire") as err:
-        component._check_unfulfilled_provides(["Wire", "Wire", "Hash"], {"Hash"})
+        component._check_unfulfilled_provides(
+            ["Wire", "Wire", "Hash"], {"Hash"}, {"Wire", "Hash"}
+        )
     assert str(err.value).count("Wire") == 1
     assert "Hash" not in str(err.value)
-    component._check_unfulfilled_provides(["Hash"], {"Hash"})
+    component._check_unfulfilled_provides(["Hash"], {"Hash"}, {"Hash"})
+    # A recording for a since-re-resolved manifest is stale walk state,
+    # never a failure: no final manifest still requests Wire
+    component._check_unfulfilled_provides(["Wire"], set(), set())
 
 
 def test_extra_script_link_flags_reach_the_library(tmp_path: Path) -> None: