diff --git a/tests/components/nfc/test_ndef_record_uri.cpp b/tests/components/nfc/test_ndef_record_uri.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5629c23c9f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/components/nfc/test_ndef_record_uri.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <iterator>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "esphome/components/nfc/ndef_record_uri.h"
+
+namespace esphome::nfc::testing {
+
+static std::string decode(const std::vector<uint8_t> &payload) { return NdefRecordUri(payload).get_payload(); }
+
+static uint8_t encoded_prefix(const std::string &uri) { return NdefRecordUri(uri).get_encoded_payload()[0]; }
+
+TEST(NdefRecordUri, DecodeExpandsPrefixCode) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(decode({0x01, 'a', '.', 'b'}), "http://www.a.b");
+  EXPECT_EQ(decode({0x04, 'a', '.', 'b'}), "https://a.b");
+  EXPECT_EQ(decode({0x07, 'a'}), "ftp://anonymous:anonymous@a");
+}
+
+// URI identifier codes from the NFC Forum URI Record Type Definition, kept separate from the
+// component's table so a reordered entry fails here
+static constexpr const char *SPEC_PREFIXES[] = {"",
+                                                "http://www.",
+                                                "https://www.",
+                                                "http://",
+                                                "https://",
+                                                "tel:",
+                                                "mailto:",
+                                                "ftp://anonymous:anonymous@",
+                                                "ftp://ftp.",
+                                                "ftps://",
+                                                "sftp://",
+                                                "smb://",
+                                                "nfs://",
+                                                "ftp://",
+                                                "dav://",
+                                                "news:",
+                                                "telnet://",
+                                                "imap:",
+                                                "rtsp://",
+                                                "urn:",
+                                                "pop:",
+                                                "sip:",
+                                                "sips:",
+                                                "tftp:",
+                                                "btspp://",
+                                                "btl2cap://",
+                                                "btgoep://",
+                                                "tcpobex://",
+                                                "irdaobex://",
+                                                "file://",
+                                                "urn:epc:id:",
+                                                "urn:epc:tag:",
+                                                "urn:epc:pat:",
+                                                "urn:epc:raw:",
+                                                "urn:epc:",
+                                                "urn:nfc:"};
+
+TEST(NdefRecordUri, DecodeEveryPrefixCode) {
+  for (size_t code = 1; code < std::size(SPEC_PREFIXES); code++)
+    EXPECT_EQ(decode({static_cast<uint8_t>(code), 'x'}), std::string(SPEC_PREFIXES[code]) + "x") << "code " << code;
+}
+
+TEST(NdefRecordUri, DecodeAcceptsLastPrefixCode) { EXPECT_EQ(decode({0x23, 'x'}), "urn:nfc:x"); }
+
+TEST(NdefRecordUri, DecodeIgnoresUnknownPrefixCode) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(decode({0x00, 'x'}), "x");
+  EXPECT_EQ(decode({0x24, 'x'}), "x");
+}
+
+// Encode takes the first prefix in table order that matches, so codes 0x1E to 0x23 are never written;
+// these tests pin that current behaviour, not the spec's longest match
+TEST(NdefRecordUri, EncodePicksFirstMatchingPrefix) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(encoded_prefix("https://www.a.b"), 0x02);
+  EXPECT_EQ(encoded_prefix("http://a.b"), 0x03);
+  EXPECT_EQ(encoded_prefix("urn:epc:id:x"), 0x13);
+}
+
+TEST(NdefRecordUri, EncodeStopsBeforeLastPrefixCode) {
+  // urn:nfc: (0x23) is never chosen; the shorter urn: (0x13) matches first
+  EXPECT_EQ(encoded_prefix("urn:nfc:x"), 0x13);
+}
+
+TEST(NdefRecordUri, EncodeStripsPrefix) {
+  const std::vector<uint8_t> expected = {0x02, 'a', '.', 'b'};
+  EXPECT_EQ(NdefRecordUri("https://www.a.b").get_encoded_payload(), expected);
+}
+
+TEST(NdefRecordUri, EncodeWithoutPrefix) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(encoded_prefix("ht"), 0x00);
+  const std::vector<uint8_t> expected = {0x00, 'x', 'y'};
+  EXPECT_EQ(NdefRecordUri("xy").get_encoded_payload(), expected);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::nfc::testing